Spotlight on Heterogeneity -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Summary -- THE CURRENT SYSTEM AND A CHANGING SOCIETY -- OPTIONS FOR CHANGE -- The Challenge of Classifying Heterogeneity -- A NATION OF CHANGE -- DIRECTIVE 15 AND ITS USES -- Federal Experience -- Nonfederal Experience -- SOCIAL TRENDS THAT AFFECT RACE AND ETHNICITY -- Growth, Concentration, and Heterogeneity of Minority Groups -- Racial and Ethnic Identity -- Self-Identification Versus Observer Identification -- Identity as a Social Construct -- EXPERIENCES OF OTHER COUNTRIES -- Current Categories and Anomalies -- INFORMATION ON RACE AND ETHNICITY -- CLASSIFICATION PROBLEMS UNDER DIRECTIVE 15 -- Inconsistent Categories and Data Sources -- Overlap of Race and Ethnicity Questions -- Indigenous Peoples -- American Indians -- Alaskan Natives and Aleuts -- Native Hawaiians -- Multiple Ancestries -- New Ethnic Groups and Pan-Ethnic Identities -- Revising Federal Standards: Issues for Consideration -- BASIS FOR CLASSIFICATION -- A MIXED-RACE OR "OTHER" CATEGORY -- MEASUREMENT ISSUES -- TECHNICAL ISSUES OF CLASSIFICATION -- OPERATIONAL ISSUES -- Conclusions -- OBJECTIVES FOR A FEDERAL STANDARD -- TESTING AND EVALUATION -- OTHER CONSIDERATIONS -- POSSIBLE OPTIONS -- References -- APPENDIX A: Workshop Participants -- APPENDIX B: Office of Management and Budget Statistical Directive 15 -- DIRECTIVE NO. 15: RACE AND ETHNIC STANDARDS FOR FEDERAL STATISTICS AND ADMINISTRATIVE REPORTING -- 1. Definitions -- 2. Utilization for Recordkeeping and Reporting -- 3. Effective Date -- 4. Presentation of Race/Ethnic Data -- APPENDIX C: Federal Agencies That Provided Information About Implementation of Directive 15.