Contents -- Introduction -- I. Basil of Caesarea and the Emergence of an Ideal -- 1. Monks and Bishops in the Christian East from 325 to 375 -- 2. Asceticism and Leadership in the Thought of Basil of Caesarea -- 3. Reframing and Reforming the Episcopate: Basil's Direct Influence -- II. The Development of an Ideal -- 4. Gregory of Nyssa: On Basil, Moses, and Episcopal Office -- 5. Gregory of Nazianzus: Ascetic Life and Episcopal Office in Tension -- 6. John Chrysostom: The Model Monk-Bishop in Spite of Himself -- III. The Triumph of an Ideal -- 7. From Nuisances to Episcopal Ideals: Civil and Ecclesiastical Legislation -- 8. Normalizing the Model: The Fifth-Century Church Histories -- 9. The Broadening Appeal: Monastic and Hagiographical Literature -- Epilogue: The Legacy of the Monk-Bishop in the Byzantine World -- Abbreviations -- Notes -- Frequently Cited Works -- Index.