General Introduction -- Nanometer-Scale Structure Formation on Solid Surfaces -- Ultrafast Laser Spectroscopy Applicable to Nano- and Micromaterials -- Defects in Anatase Titanium Dioxide -- Organic Radical 1,3,5-Trithia-2,4,6-Triazapentalenyl (TTTA) as Strongly Correlated Electronic Systems: Experiment and Theory -- Ab Initio GW Calculations Using an All-Electron Approach -- First-Principles Calculations Involving Two-Particle Excited States of Atoms and Molecules Using T-Matrix Theory -- Green's Function Formulation of Electronic Transport at Nanoscale -- Self-Assembled Quantum Dot Structure Composed of III—V Compound Semiconductors -- Potential-Tailored Quantum Wells for High-Performance Optical Modulators/Switches -- Thermodynamic Properties of Materials Using Lattice-Gas Models with Renormalized Potentials -- Optically Driven Micromachines for Biochip Application -- Study of Complex Plasmas.