Fundamentals and Applicationsof Nanomaterials -- Contents -- Foreword -- Preface -- Part I Fundamentals of Nanomaterials Science -- 1 Quantum Mechanics and Atomic Structures -- 1.1 Brief History of Quantum Mechanics -- 1.2 Photoelectric Effect and Duality Nature of Light -- 1.2.1 Photoelectric Effect -- 1.2.2 Einstein's Explanation -- 1.2.3 Duality of Light -- 1.3 Duality of Electrons -- 1.3.1 De Broglie's Hypothesis and Electrons as Waves -- 1.3.2 Time Independent Schrodinger Equation -- 1.3.3 Free Electrons -- 1.4 Electrons in Potential Well -- 1.4.1 1D Infinite Potential Well -- 1.4.2 3D Infinite Potential Well -- 1.5 Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table -- 1.5.1 The Hydrogen Atom -- 1.5.2 The Helium Atom -- 1.5.3 The Periodic Table -- 2 Bonding and Band Structure -- 2.1 Classic Atomic Bonding -- 2.2 Atomic Bonding in Molecules: LCAO Theory -- 2.2.1 Two-Atom Molecule -- 2.2.2 Three-Atom Molecule -- 2.2.3 Four-Atom Molecule -- 2.2.4 Six-Atom Molecule (Benzene Ring) -- 2.2.5 Many-Atom Molecule -- 2.3 Atomic Bonding in Crystalline Solids: Band Theory -- 2.3.1 Energy Band in Solids -- 2.3.2 Partially Filled Energy Band for Metals -- 2.3.3 Energy Band for Insulators and Semiconductors -- 2.4 Bonding and Band Structures in Nanocrystal Materials -- 2.4.1 Top-Down Method for Quantum Wells and Dots -- 2.4.2 Bottom-Up Method for Carbon-Based Nanocrystals -- References -- 3 Surface Science for Nanomaterials -- 3.1 Crystal Structure and Crystallography -- 3.1.1 Crystal Structures -- 3.1.2 Crystallography -- 3.1.3 Close-Packed Directions, Planes, and Structures -- 3.2 Surface Crystallography -- 3.2.1 Surface Structure for Close-Packed Structures -- 3.2.2 Surface Structure for BCC Structures -- 3.2.3 Surface Symmetry -- 3.3 Surface Energy -- 3.3.1 Crystallographically Preferred Surface -- 3.3.2 Wulff Constructions and Equilibrium Shape for Nanoparticles.

3.4 Surface Reconfigurations -- 3.4.1 Surface Relaxation and Reconstructions -- 3.4.2 Adsorption -- 3.5 Surface Area and Surface Thermodynamics -- 3.5.1 Surface Area in Nanomaterials -- 3.5.2 Nanoparticle Nucleation -- 3.5.3 Wetting -- References -- 4 Nanomaterials Characterization -- 4.1 X-Ray Diffraction for Nanomaterials Characterization -- 4.1.1 X-Ray Diffraction and the Laue Method -- 4.1.2 Bragg's Law -- 4.1.3 X-Ray Diffraction in Nanomaterials -- 4.2 Electron Microscopy for Nanomaterials Characterization -- 4.2.1 Interaction Between Electron Beams and Solids -- 4.2.2 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) -- 4.2.3 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) -- 4.2.4 Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) -- 4.3 Surface Analysis Methods -- 4.3.1 Auger Electron Spectroscope (AES) -- 4.3.2 X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscope (XPS) -- 4.3.3 Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscope (SIMS) -- References -- Part II Nanomaterials Fabrication -- 5 Thin-Film Deposition: Top-DownApproach -- 5.1 Thin-Film Deposition Mechanisms -- 5.1.1 Homogeneous Film Growth Mechanisms -- 5.1.2 Heterogeneous Film Growth Mechanisms -- 5.2 Thin-Film Deposition Methods -- 5.2.1 Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) -- 5.2.2 Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) -- Reference -- 6 Nanolithography: Top-Down Approach -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 Parallel Replication -- 6.1.2 Serial Writing -- 6.2 Nanoimprint Lithography (NIL) -- 6.2.1 NIL Process -- 6.2.2 3D Patterning via NIL -- 6.2.3 Air Cushion Press -- 6.2.4 Sequential Embossing/Imprinting Lithography (SEIL) -- 6.3 AFM Lithography -- 6.3.1 Scratching and Nanoindentation -- 6.3.2 Nanografting -- 6.4 Polymer Pen Lithography (PPL) -- 6.5 Templated Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers -- References -- 7 Synthesis of Nanoparticles and TheirSelf-Assembly: Bottom-Up Approach -- 7.1 Synthesis of Nanoparticles -- 7.1.1 Coprecipitation -- 7.1.2 Sol-Gel Process.

7.1.3 Microemulsions -- 7.1.4 Hydrothermal/Solvothermal Methods -- 7.1.5 Templated Synthesis -- 7.1.6 NPs of Organic Semiconductors -- 7.2 Self-Assembly of Nanoparticles -- 7.2.1 Hydrogen Bonding-Based Assembly -- 7.2.2 Electrostatic Assembly -- 7.2.3 Shape-Selective Assembly -- 7.2.4 Hydrophobic Assembly -- 7.2.5 Template-Assisted Assembly -- 7.2.6 Collective Properties of Self-Assembled Nanoparticles -- 7.3 Conclusion -- References -- Part III Nanomaterials Properties and Applications -- 8 Nanoelectronic Materials -- 8.1 Single-Electron Transistors (SETs) -- 8.1.1 Single-Electron Capacitor -- 8.1.2 Operating Principles for SETs -- 8.1.3 Quantum Effect on SETs -- 8.1.4 Fabrication of SETs -- 8.2 Carbon Nanotube-Based Nanoelectronic Device -- 8.2.1 Introduction to CNTs -- 8.2.2 Fabrication of CNTs -- 8.2.3 CNT-Based Devices -- 8.3 Spintronics -- 8.3.1 Operating Principles of Spintronics -- 8.3.2 Spintronics Devices -- References -- 9 Nano Biomaterials -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Biomimetic Nanotechnology -- 9.2.1 DNA Nanotechnology -- 9.2.2 Structural Biomimicry -- 9.3 Nanostructures in Biodiagnostics -- 9.3.1 Nanoparticle-Based Detection Methods -- 9.3.2 Nanowire- and Nanotube-Based Detection Methods -- 9.4 Nanostructures in Cells Study -- 9.4.1 Microarray Platform as a Research Tool -- 9.5 Tissue Engineering and Drug Delivery -- References -- 10 Nanostructural Materials -- 10.1 Nanograin-Sized Structural Materials -- 10.1.1 Why Grain Refinement? -- 10.1.2 General Approaches for Grain Refinement -- 10.2 Nanoindentation -- 10.2.1 Principles of Nanoindentation -- 10.2.2 In Situ Nanoindentation -- 10.3 Mechanical Instability of Nanostructures -- 10.3.1 Wrinkling of Thin Films -- 10.3.2 Buckling of Spheroidal Core/Shell Structures -- 10.3.3 Buckling of Nanobeams -- 10.3.4 Collective Buckling Model for Periodic Array of Nanostructures -- References.

About the Authors -- Index.