Permissible Exposure Levels for Selected Military Fuel Vapors -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- ADVERSE EFFECTS -- Kidney -- Central Nervous System -- Liver -- Carcinogenicity -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Physical and Chemical Properties of Military Fuels -- JET-PROPULSION FUEL 5 -- JET-PROPULSION FUEL 8 -- DIESEL FUEL MARINE -- 3 Toxicokinetics of Military Fuels -- GENERAL DETERMINANTS OF HYDROCARBON TOXICOKINETICS -- TOXICOKINETICS OF SPECIFIC MILITARY FUEL HYDROCARBONS -- Benzene -- Alkylbenzenes -- Methoxyethanol -- n-Hexane -- Trimethylpentane -- Chemical Mixtures -- SIMULATED TISSUE CONCENTRATIONS AFTER EXPOSURE TO COMPONENTS OF MILITARY FUELS -- 4 Fuel Exposures, Toxicity Testing, and Air Monitoring in Naval Operations -- VAPOR COMPOSITION -- SETTING PELS FOR MIXTURES -- IMPLICATIONS FOR TOXICITY TESTING -- IMPLICATIONS FOR AIR MONITORING -- 5 Effects of Military Fuel Vapors on the Kidney -- EFFECTS OF ACUTE EXPOSURES TO FUEL VAPORS -- EFFECTS OF SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURES TO FUEL VAPORS -- CONCLUSIONS -- 6 Effects of Military Fuel Vapors on the Hematopoietic System -- HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF JP-5 FUEL VAPORS -- HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF JP-8 FUEL VAPORS -- HEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF DFM FUEL VAPORS -- CONCLUSIONS -- 7 Effects of Military Fuel Vapors on the Central Nervous System -- NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FUEL VAPORS -- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STEL AND MINIMUM ALVEOLAR CONCENTRATIONS -- CONCLUSIONS -- 8 Effects of Military Fuel Vapors on the Liver -- HEPATIC EFFECTS OF JP-5 FUEL VAPORS -- HEPATIC EFFECTS OF JP-8 FUEL VAPORS -- HEPATIC EFFECTS OF DFM FUEL VAPORS -- HEPATIC EFFECTS OF JP-4 FUEL VAPORS -- CONCLUSIONS -- 9 Effects of Military Fuel Vapors on the Cardiovascular System -- 10 Carcinogenic Effect of Military Fuel Vapors -- EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES.

Exposure to Jet Fuel Vapors -- Direct Exposure to Diesel Fuel -- Exposure to Petroleum -- EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL STUDIES -- CONCLUSIONS -- 11 Genotoxic Effects of Military Fuel Vapors -- ASSAY TESTING FOR GENOTOXICITY -- CONCLUSIONS -- 12 Effects of Military Fuels On the Eyes and Skin -- DERMAL AND OCULAR EFFECTS OF JP-4 FUEL -- DERMAL AND OCULAR EFFECTS OF DIESEL FUEL -- DERMAL AND OCULAR EFFECTS OF JP-8 FUEL -- DERMAL AND OCULAR EFFECTS OF DFM FUEL -- DERMAL AND OCULAR EFFECTS OF JP-5 FUEL -- CONCLUSIONS -- 13 Conclusions and Recommendations -- References -- Appendix A.