CONTENTS -- Foreword -- SECTION 1: NANO-BIOMECHANICS -- Measurement Integrated Simulation to Provide Accurate Information of Blood Flows Toshiyuki Hayase, Kenichi Funamoto -- 1. Introduction -- 2. General Formulation -- 3. Numerical Experiment of Measurement Integrated Simulation -- 3.1. Ultrasonic Measurement Integrated Simulation in Aneurysmal Aorta -- 3.2. MR Measurement Integrated Simulation in Cerebral Artery -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Microelastic Mapping by AFM of Endothelial Cells Exposed to Shear Stress Masaaki Sato, Kenichi Suzuki, Yosuke Ueki, Toshiro Ohashi -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Endothelial Cell Culture -- 2.2. Flow Experiment -- 2.3. Measurement of Cellular Topography and Mechanical Properties Using Atomic Force Microscopy -- 2.4. Fluorescent Staining and Observation of Actin Filaments -- 2.5. Image Analysis -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Inner Ear Biomechanics Hiroshi Wada, Michio Murakoshi, Koji Iida, Shun Kumano, Kenji Ishihara -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Immune Atomic Force Microscopy -- 2.1. Materials and Methods -- 2.1.1. Sample preparation -- 2.1.2. Fluorescence microscopy -- 2.1.3. Atomic force microscopy -- 2.2. Results and Discussion -- 3. Purification of the Motor Protein Presitn -- 3.1. Materials and Methods -- 3.2. Results and Discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Computational Biomechanics for Investigating Cardiovascular Diseases Takami Yamaguchi, Hitoshi Kondo, Yuji Shimogonya, Yohsuke Imai, Noriaki Matsuki, Takuji Ishikawa -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Simulation of Initiation and Growth of a Cerebral Aneurysm -- 2.1. Modeling and Methods -- 2.2. Results and Discussion -- 3. Modeling the Hemodynamics Arising from Malarial Infection -- 3.1. Modeling and Methods.

3.2. Results and Discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Change in Mechanical Properties and Activities of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Rat Aortas Stimulated with Cytokines Wenjing Huang, Naoya Sakamoto, Toshiro Ohashi, Masaaki Sato -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Sample Preparation -- 2.2. Biomechanical Analysis -- 2.3. Gelatin Zymography -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Formulation of Linearized Error Dynamics Equations of Measurement-Integrated Simulation Kentaro Imagawa, Toshiyuki Hayase -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Formulation of Linearized Error Dynamics -- 2.1. Basic Equation -- 2.2. Linearized Error Dynamics -- 3. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Evaluation of the Mechanical Properties of Blood Vessel Biomodeling with Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) Hydrogel Hiroyuki Kosukegawa, Keisuke Mamada, Kanju Kuroki, Lei Liu, Kosuke Inoue, Toshiyuki Hayase, Makoto Ohta -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Experimental -- 2.1. Preparation of PVA-H -- 2.2. PVA-H Samples -- 2.3. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussions -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Numerical Experiment for Ultrasonic-Measurement-Integrated Simulation of Developed Laminar Pipe Flow Using Axisymmetric Model Lei Liu, Kenichi Funamoto, Toshiyuki Hayase -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Models and Methods -- 3. Result -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Effect of ATP on Force Relaxation of Isolated Actin Stress Fibers Exposed to Step Strain Tsubasa Matsui, Shinji Deguchi, Naoya Sakamoto, Toshiro Ohashi, Masaaki Sato -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methods -- 2.1. Cell Culture -- 2.2. Isolation of Stress Fibers -- 2.3. Force Relaxation Test -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References.

Development of an in vitro Tracking System for Catheter Motion Makoto Ohta, Chang-Ho Yu, Hiroyuki Kosukegawa, Keisuke Mamada, Kanju Kuroki, Shinzo Oota, Kazuto Takashima, Kiyoshi Yoshinaka -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Gelation of PVA and Lost-wax Technique -- 2.2. Tubular Model with a Realistic Geometry and Introduction of Guide Wire -- 2.3. Cross Model for Tracking System and Motion Capture of Catheter -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussions -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Analysis of Changes in the Gliding Direction of Kinesin-Driven Microtubules Focusing on Their Length and Kinesin Density Shukei Sugita -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Motility Assay -- 2.2. Characteristic Parameters -- 2.3. Statistical Analysis -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 4. Discussion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Remodeling of Vascular Endothelial Cells Induced by Stretching Force Transmitted Through Intercellular Junctions Yosuke Ueki, Naoya Sakamoto, Toshiro Ohashi, Masaaki Sato -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Cell Culture and Transfection -- 2.2. Local Stretch Experiment -- 2.3. Image Analysis -- 2.4. Statistical Analysis -- 3. Results -- 3.1. Morphological Changes of ECs after Application of Local Stretch -- 3.2. Discussion -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Estimation of Unsteady Blood Flow Rate in Ultrasonic-Measurement-Integrated Simulation Takayuki Yamagata, Toshiyuki Hayase -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methods -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- SECTION 2: NANO-BIOIMAGING -- Structural Change of the Human Brain with Aging in Healthy Subjects-A Brain Magnetic Resonance Image (MRI) Study Hiroshi Fukuda, Yasuyuki Taki, Kentaro Inoue, Shigeo Kinomura, Kazunori Sato, Ryoi Goto, Ken Okada, Ryuta Kawashima.

1. Introduction -- 1.1. Brain Volume Change with Aging -- 1.2. Correlation between Brain Volume Change and Cerebrovascular Risk Factors -- 1.3. Cross-generational Differences in Brain Shape Index -- 1.4. Correlation between Fiber Connection and Cerebral Glucose Metabolism -- 1.5. Anatomical Network Analysis -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Image Processing and Statistical Analysis using VBM Technique -- 2.2. Measurement of Brain Shape Index on Brain MRI -- 2.3. Correlation between Fiber Connection and Cerebral Glucose Metabolism -- 2.4. Anatomical Network Analysis Using Regional Gray Matter Volume -- 3. Results and Discussion -- 3.1.1. Age related brain volume change -- 3.1.2. Longitudinal analysis of brain volume change during aging -- 3.2. Risk Factors for Brain Volume Decrease -- 3.3. Cross Generational Differences in Brain Shape -- 3.4. Correlation between Fiber Connection and Cerebral Glucose Metabolism -- 3.5. Gender and Among Decade Differences in Anatomical Network Pattern -- 4. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Elasticity-Based Tissue Characterization of Arterial Wall Hideyuki Hasegawa, Kentaro Tsuzuki, Masataka Ichiki, Fumiaki Tezuka, Hiroshi Kanai -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Experimental Setup and Specimens -- 2.2. Tissue Classification Using the Likelihood Function -- 3. In Vitro Experimental Results -- 3.1. Measurement of Elasticity Distribution of Each Tissue -- 3.2. Results of Classification -- 4. Conclusions -- References -- Radiologic Anatomy of the Right Adrenal Vein: Preliminary Experience with MDCT Shoki Takahashi, Kei Takase, Tomonori Matsuura -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Patients -- 2.2. CT Examinations -- 2.3. Definition of the Right Adrenal Vein on CT Images -- 2.4. Points of Evaluation -- 3. Results -- 4. Discussion -- References.

Potentials of Nano-Bio-Imaging with Positron Emission Tomography and Radiopharmaceuticals Manabu Tashiro, Kazuhiko Yanai -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Nano-bio-imaging -- 1.2. Information Available from the Living Human Brain -- 2. Imaging of a Neural Transmission for Elucidation of Psychiatric Disorders and Drug Side Effects -- 2.1. Functional Imaging of the Histaminergic Nervous System -- 2.2. Imaging Study for Improvement of Quality of Life (QOL) in Patients -- 3. Application of Nano-bio-imaging Technology to Health Science -- 3.1. Definition of Health -- 3.2. Exercise and Brain Imaging Related to "Physical and Mental Health" -- Acknowledgments -- References -- High Intensity Focused Ultrasound Treatment Enhanced with Nano- to Micro-Particles Shin-Ichiro Umemura, Shin Yoshizawa, Kazuaki Sasaki, Ken-Ichi Kawabata -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Mechanism of Enhancement of Ultrasonic Heating with Microbubbles -- 3. Methods -- 4. Results -- 5. Discussion -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Molecular Imaging and Its Application to Drug Development at Tohoku University Kazuhiko Yanai, Nobuyuki Okamura, Ren Iwata, Manabu Tashiro -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Methodological Development -- 3. Molecular Imaging of Histaminergic Transmission in the Human Brain List -- 4. Molecular Imaging in Alzheimer's Disease -- 5. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Molecular Imaging of Lymph Node Micrometastasis Using Contrast-Enhanced High-Frequency Ultrasonagraphy Li Li, Kei Takase, Shoki Takahashi -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Materials and Methods -- 2.1. Animal Model -- 2.2. Mycoplasma-free Cell Culture and Preparation of Lymph Node Metastatic Model -- 2.3. In vivo Bioluminescence Imaging -- 2.4. Ex vivo Detection of Establishment and Metastasis of MRL-N-1-Luc Cells by IVIS -- 2.5. Nanobubble Preparation and Injection.

2.6. Ultrasonographic Image Acquisition and Quantification.