Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- TABLE OF CONTENTS -- Preface -- About the Editors -- High Efficiency New Metallurgical Technology -- Development of Process Flow Sheet for Looping Sulfide OxidationTM of Molybdenite Concentrates -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Sulfide Oxidation Process Thermochemistry -- Molybdenum Reoxidation Thermochemistry -- Process Design Considerations -- Model Flow Sheet -- Advantages of the Looping Sulfide Oxidation Process -- Conclusions -- References -- Slag Structures and Properties by Spectroscopic Analysis: Effect of Water Vapor Relevant to a Novel Flash Ironmaking Technology -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental details -- Results -- Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) -- Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) -- Raman Spectroscopy -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- An Innovative Electro-Winning Process for Titanium Production -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental -- Results -- References -- A New Bottom Gas Purging System for Stationary and Tilting Copper Anode Furnaces -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Abstract -- The Purging System -- Safety -- Plug Exchange -- Simulation of Flow Pattern -- Results -- Conclusion -- References -- A Pilot-Plant Scale Test of Coal-Based Rotary Kiln Direct Reduction of Laterite Ore for Fe-Ni Production -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental -- Materials -- Methods -- Results and Discussions -- Briquetting of Laterite Ore -- Reduction of Briquettes in Rotary Kiln Followed by Magnetic Separation -- Characterization of the Reduction and Magnetic Separation Products -- References -- Preparation of Ferronickel Alloy Nugget through Reduction Roasting of Nickel Laterite Ore -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and methods Experimental -- 2.1. Raw materials -- 2.2. Experimental -- 3 Results and discussion.

3.1 Effect of CaO content -- 3.2 Effect of SiO2 content -- 3.3 Effect of Na2SO4 content -- 4. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Preparation of High Melting Point Alloys and Refractory Compounds with Its Own Chemical Energy -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Research Progress -- Cleaner Preparation of Ultrafine Powder through SHS Metallurgy Method -- The Strengthen Metallic Thermal Reduction Method for Directly Preparing Titanium-based Alloy -- The Aluminothermic Reduction-Slag Refining Method for the Preparation of Large-size Copper Based Immiscible Alloy -- Conclusions -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- References -- Reductive Sulfur-Fixation Smelting of Stibnite Concentrate in Sodium Molten Salt -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experiment -- Materials -- Procedure -- Main principles of the process -- Results and Discussion -- Effect of salt content -- Effect of molten salt composition -- Effect of ferric oxide dosage -- Effect of smelting temperature -- Effect of smelting reaction time -- Effect of coke addition -- Comprehensive experiments -- Conclusions -- References -- Separation of Perovskite Phase from CaO-TiO2-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO System by Supergravity -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental -- Pre-melted Slag Preparation -- Separation by Supergravity -- Results and Discussion -- Macro and Microstructure of the Sample Obtained by Supergravity -- Volume Fraction and Equivalent Diameters of Perovskite Phase -- Components of Layered Sample Obtained by Supergravity -- Conclusions -- References -- New Process for Producing High Grade Iron Concentrate by Roasting Siderite Ore with Microwave Energy -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental -- Materials -- Microwave roasting -- Analytical Methods -- Results and Discussion -- Laboratory Study -- Pilot study -- Energy consumption analysis -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References.

Fundamental Research of Metallurgical Process -- Effect of Water Vapor on the Activities of FeO and MgO in Slags Relevant to a Novel Flash Ironmaking Technology -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Thermodynamic Considerations -- MgO in the Slag -- Experimental details -- Results -- The Effect of Gas Atmosphere on FeO in the slag -- The Effect of Gas Atmosphere on MgO in the slag -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Activities of NbOX in Some CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-"Nb2O5" Melts at 1873K -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Principle -- Experimental -- a. Activity coefficient of Niobium in copper -- b. Activity of Niobium oxide in slag -- Results and Discussion -- a. Activity coefficient of Niobium in copper -- b. Activity of Niobium oxide in slag -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Reaction Behaviour of Sulfides Associated with Stibnite in Low Temperature Molten Salt Smelting Process without Reductant -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Reduction Product Separation by Vacuum Distillation in the Process of Titanium Sponge Preparation -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Reduction product composition analysis -- Thermodynamics analysis of vacuum distillation -- Volatile of reduction products -- Vacuum dissociation of reduction products -- Influence of titanium on magnesium volatilization -- Industrial experiment of vacuum distillation -- Conclusion -- References -- The Interface Reaction and Transport of Oxygen between the Molten Melt and CaO-MgO-Al2O3 Slag -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experiment -- Experimental Apparatus -- Experimental procedure -- Results and Discussions -- Cyclic Voltammetry -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- Reference -- High-Temperature Creep Deformation and Change in Porous Structure of Graphite Cathode in Aluminum Electrolysis Process -- Abstract.

Introduction -- Experiment -- Set-up for Creep Measurement -- Condition of Electrolysis -- Image Analysis -- Results and Discussion -- Creep Stain Curve -- The Porous Structure Change -- Conclusions -- References -- The Dissolution Rate of Solid Alumina Inclusion into Molten CaF2-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 Slags -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental -- Experimental Materials -- Experimental Equipment -- Experimental Methods -- Results and Discussion -- The Effect of Components on the Dissolution Rate -- The Effects of Rotating Velocity and Temperature on the Dissolution Rate -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Alloy and Materials Preparation -- A Refinement Study of SHS Alloys by Mini Vacuum Arc Melting System -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental Procedure -- Results and Discussions -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- An Investigation on the Self-Propagating High Temperature Synthesis of TiB2 -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental Procedure -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Characteristics of Solidification Structure of Wide-Thick Slab of Steel Q345 -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Numerical Calculation -- Experimental Measurement -- Results and Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Determination of Surface Tension for FeCrMnNi Alloy with Varying Sulfur and Phosphorous Relevant to Gas Atomization -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental setup and alloys -- Alloys -- tension measurement -- Atomization -- Results and Discussion -- Sulfur -- Phosphorous -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Electrolysis Contribution to the Yield of Alloy Elements and the Exchange Current Density of Manganese and Chromium during DC-Arc Steel Melting/Refining Process -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental Aspects -- Results and Discussion.

Electrolytic Contribution To The Losses Of Manganese And Chromium -- Current Efficiency -- Estimation Of Exchange Current Density -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Experimental Study of the Thermodynamics of the Fe-Nb-C Melts -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Principle -- Experimental -- Results and Discussion -- A. Henry's constant of Nb in liquid iron and interaction parameter of C on Nb -- B. Temperature dependence of the Henry's constant of Nb and the interaction parameters of C on Nb in liquid iron -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgement -- References -- Preparation of Nitrogenous Ferrovanadium by Gaseous Nitriding in the Liquid Phase Ferrovanadium -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experiments -- Results and Discussion -- Thermodynamic Calculations -- Chemical Analysis -- X-ray Diffraction Study -- Morphological Studies -- Conclusions -- References -- Study on Key Technologies of 38CrMoAl Steel Produced by BOF-LF-RH-CC Process -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Thermodynamic Analysis -- Results of Inclusions Controlling -- Mold Power of High Al Steel -- Composition and Properties Design of Mold Powder -- Application Effect -- Technology of Clogging Prevention -- Design of Non-clogging SEN -- Application Effect of Non-clogging SEN -- Conclusions -- References -- The Evolution and Morphology of Sulfide Inclusions in 95CrMo Hollow Steel -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experiment -- Thermodynamic analysis -- Conclusions -- References -- Electrochemically Preparing of Ni-Fe Alloys in Molten Sodium Hydroxide -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Experimental -- Results and discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Roasting, Reduction and Smelting -- Commissioning of a Second Cobalt Recovery Furnace at Nchanga Smelter -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Project Impetus -- Construction Phase -- General Arrangement of Cobalt Recovery Furnace -- Commissioning Phase.

Cobalt Recovery Furnace Reactions.