Content -- Preface -- Summary -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Background and motivation -- 1.2 Objectives of the report -- 1.3 The Nordic approach to chemicals regulation -- 1.4 Scope and definitions -- 1.5 Approach and outline of the report -- 2. The political economy of environmental management in chemicals policy -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Key characteristics of chemical pollutants -- 2.3 The economics of environmental management of chemicals use -- 2.4 The politics of environmental management of chemicals use -- 2.5 Economic incentives, information and signalling effects -- 3. Experiences of environmental taxes in European chemicals policy -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The experience of fertilizer taxation in Europe -- 3.3 The Nordic experience of pesticide taxation -- 3.4 The Nordic approaches to the taxation of hazardous chemicals -- 3.5 Conclusions and lessons for the future use of environmental taxes and fees -- 4. The scope for economic instruments in controlling chemicals use: three case studies -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The case of Nonylphenolethoxylates (NPEs) -- 4.3 The case of two-stroke oils -- 4.4 The case of 1,2-ethanediol (ethylene glycol) -- 5. Conclusions and implications -- References -- Sammanfattning (summary in Swedish).