Cover -- Frontmatter -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Editor-in-Chief -- I: CIRCUIT THEORY -- 1. Linear Circuit Analysis -- 1.1 Definitions and Terminology -- 1.2 Circuit Laws -- 1.3 Circuit Analysis -- 1.4 Equivalent Circuits -- 1.5 Network Theorems -- 1.6 Time Domain Analysis -- 1.7 Laplace Transform -- 1.8 State Variable Analysis -- 1.9 Alternating Current Steady State Analysis -- 1.10 Alternating Current Steady State Power -- 2. Circuit Analysis: A Graph-Theoretic Foundation -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Basic Concepts and Results -- 2.3 Graphs and Electrical Networks -- 2.4 Loop and Cutset Systems of Equations -- 2.5 Summary -- References -- 3. Computer-Aided Design -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Modified Nodal Analysis -- 3.3 Formulation of MNA Equations of Nonlinear Circuits -- 3.4 A Direct Current Solution of Nonlinear Circuits -- 3.5 Transient Analysis of Nonlinear Circuits -- References -- 4. Synthesis of Networks -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Elementary Networks -- 4.3 Network Functions -- 4.4 Frequency Domain Responses -- 4.5 Normalization and Scaling -- 4.6 Approximations for Low-Pass Filters -- 4.7 Transformations of Inductor Capacitor Low-Pass Filters -- 4.8 Realizability of Functions -- 4.9 Synthesis of LC One-Ports -- 4.10 Synthesis of LC Two-Port Networks -- 4.11 All-Pass Networks -- 4.12 Summary -- References -- 5. Nonlinear Circuits -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Models of Physical Circuit Elements -- 5.3 Voltages and Currents in Nonlinear Circuits -- 5.4 Open Problems -- References -- II: ELECTRONICS -- 1. Investigation of Power Management Issues for Future Generation Microprocessors -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Limitations of Today's Technologies -- 1.3 Advanced VRM Topologies -- 1.4 Future VRMs -- 1.5 Conclusions -- References -- 2. Noise in Analog and Digital Systems.

2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Analog (Small-Signal) Noise -- 2.3 Digital (Large-Signal) Noise -- Bibliography -- 3. Field Effect Transistors -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Metal-Oxide-Silicon Capacitor -- 3.3 Metal-Oxide-Silicon Field Effect Transistor -- 3.4 Junction Field Effect Transistor -- 3.5 Metal-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor -- 3.6 Modulation-Doped Field Effect Transistor -- References -- 4. Active Filters -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Realization Methods -- References -- 5. Junction Diodes and Bipolar Junction Transistors -- 5.1 Junction Diodes -- 5.2 Bipolar Junction Transistor -- References -- 6. Semiconductors -- 6.1 History of Semiconductors -- 6.2 Dielectrics, Semiconductors, and Metals -- 6.3 Electron and Hole Velocities and Mobilities -- 6.4 Important Semiconductor Materials -- References -- 7. Power Semiconductor Devices -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Breakdown Voltage -- 7.3 P-i-N Diode -- 7.4 Schottky Diode -- 7.5 Power Bipolar Transistor -- 7.6 Thyristor -- 7.7 Gate Turn-Off Thyristor -- 7.8 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor -- 7.9 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor -- 7.10 Other MOS-Gate Devices -- 7.11 Smart Power Technologies -- 7.12 Other Material Technologies -- Bibliography -- III: VLSI SYSTEMS -- 1. Logarithmic and Residue Number Systems for VLSI Arithmetic -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 LNS Basics -- 1.3 The Residue Number System -- References -- 2. Custom Memory Organization and Data Transfer: Architectural Issues and Exploration Methods -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Custom Memory Components -- 2.3 Off-Chip and Global Hierarchical Memory Organization -- 2.4 Code Rewriting Techniques to Improve Data Reuse and Access Locality -- 2.5 How to Meet Real-Time Bandwidth Constraints -- 2.6 Custom Memory Organization Design -- 2.7 Data Layout Reorganization for Reduced Memory Size -- References.

3. The Role of Hardware Description Languages in the Design Process of Multinature Systems -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Design Process and Levels of Abstraction -- 3.3 Fundamentals of VHDL-AMS -- 3.4 Systems Modeling: A Multinature Example -- 3.5 Conclusion and Further Readings -- References -- 4. Clock Skew Scheduling for Improved Reliability -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Background -- 4.3 Clock Scheduling for Improved Reliability -- 4.4 Derivation of the QP Algorithm -- 4.5 Practical Considerations -- 4.6 Experimental Results -- References -- 5. Trends in Low-Power VLSI Design -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Importance of Low-Power CMOS Design -- 5.3 Sources of Power Consumption in CMOS -- 5.4 Power Consumption Considerations -- 5.5 Energy Versus Power -- 5.6 Optimization Metrics -- 5.7 Techniques for Power Reduction -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 6. Production and Utilization of Micro Electro Mechanical Systems -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Overview of MEMS -- 6.3 From Design to Reliable MEMS Devices -- 6.4 Diversity of MEMS Applications -- 6.5 Summary -- Appendix: Books on MEMS -- References -- 7. Noise Analysis and Design in Deep Submicron Technology -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Noise Sources -- 7.3 Noise Reduction Techniques -- 7.4 Noise Analysis Algorithms -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 8. Interconnect Noise Analysis and Optimization in Deep Submicron Technology -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Interconnect Noise Models -- 8.3 Noise Minimization Techniques -- 8.4 Interconnect Noise in Early Design Stages -- 8.5 Case Study Pentium 4 -- Acknowledgments -- References -- IV: DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING -- 1. Computer Architecture -- 1.1 Microprogramming -- 1.2 Memory Hierarchy in Computer Systems -- 1.3 Bus and Interface -- 1.4 Input/Output -- 2. Multiprocessors -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Architecture of Multiprocessor Systems.

2.3 Cache Coherence -- 2.4 Software Development and Tools -- 2.5 Recent Advances -- 2.6 Summary -- References -- 3. Configurable Computing -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Approach -- 3.3 Overview -- 3.4 Current and Future Trends -- 3.5 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- 4. Operating Systems -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Operating System Concepts -- 4.3 Operating Systems History -- 4.4 A Model Operating System -- 4.5 Case 1: UNIX -- 4.6 Case 2: MS-DOS -- References -- 5. Expert Systems -- 5.1 Overview -- 5.2 Knowledge Representation -- 5.3 Reasoning -- 5.4 Knowledge Acquisition -- 5.5 Explanation -- References -- 6. Multimedia Systems: Content-Based Indexing and Retrieval -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Multimedia Storage and Encoding -- 6.3 Multimedia Indexing and Retrieval -- 6.4 Conclusions -- References -- 7. Multimedia Networks and Communication -- 7.1 Preface -- 7.2 Introduction to Multimedia -- 7.3 Best-Effort Internet Support for Distributed Multimedia Traffic Requirements -- 7.4 Enhancing the TCP/IP Protocol Stack to Support Functional Requirements of Distributed Multimedia Applications -- 7.5 Quality of Service Architecture for Third-Generation Cellular Systems -- References -- 8. Fault Tolerance in Computer Systems-From Circuits to Algorithms -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Fault Detection and Tolerance for Arithmetic Circuits -- 8.3 Fault Tolerance in Field-Programmable Gate Arrays -- 8.4 Control Flow Checking With a Watchdog Processor -- 8.5 Microrollback-A Fault-Tolerance Mechanism for Processor Systems -- 8.6 Algorithm-Based Fault Tolerance -- 8.7 Conclusions -- References -- 9. High-Level Petri Nets-Extensions, Analysis, and Applications -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 High-Level Petri Nets -- 9.3 Temporal Predicate Transition Nets -- 9.4 PZ Nets -- 9.5 Hierarchical Predicate Transition Nets -- 9.6 Fuzzy-Timing High-Level Petri Nets.

Acknowledgements -- References -- V: ELECTROMAGNETICS -- 1. Magnetostatics -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Direct Current -- 1.3 Governing Equations of Magnetostatics -- 1.4 Magnetic Force and Torque -- 1.5 Magnetic Materials -- 1.6 Inductance -- 1.7 Stored Energy -- 1.8 Magnetic Circuits -- References -- 2. Electrostatics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Sources and Fields -- 2.3 Boundary Conditions and Laplace's Equation -- 2.4 Capacitance -- References -- 3. Plane Wave Propagation and Reflection -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Basic Properties of a Plane Wave -- 3.3 Propagation of a Homogeneous Plane Wave -- 3.4 Plane Wave Reflection and Transmission -- 3.5 Example: Reflection of an RHCP Wave -- References -- 4. Transmission Lines -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Equivalent Circuit -- 4.3 Alternating Current Analysis -- 4.4 Smith Chart -- 4.5 Summary -- Appendix A: References -- 5. Guided Waves -- 5.1 Definition of Guiding Structure or Waveguide -- 5.2 Classification and Definitions -- 5.3 Rectangular Waveguide -- 5.4 Partially Filled Metallic Rectangular Waveguide -- 5.5 Circular Metal Waveguide -- 5.6 Microstrip Line -- 5.7 Slot Line -- 5.8 Coplanar Waveguide -- 5.9 Dielectric Circular Waveguide and Optical Fiber -- 5.10 Line-Type Waveguide -- References -- 6. Antennas and Radiation -- I. Antenna Fundamentals -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Antenna as a Transmitter -- 6.3 Antenna as a Receiver -- 6.4 Transmit-Receive Communication Link -- 6.5 Antenna as a Scatterer -- References -- II. Antenna Elements and Arrays -- 6.6 Introduction -- 6.7 Antenna Elements -- 6.8 Antenna Array -- References -- 7. Microwave Passive Components -- 7.1 General Concepts and Basic Definitions -- 7.2 Basic Passive Elements and Circuits -- 7.3 Impedance Transformers and Matching Networks -- 7.4 Hybrids, Couplers, and Power Dividers/Combiners -- 7.5 Resonators and Cavities -- 7.6 Filter Circuits.

7.7 Ferrite Components.