History of Hate Crimes Legislation -- Hate Crimes Statistics Act -- Hate Crimes Sentencing Enhancement Act -- Violence against Women Act of 1994 (VAWA) -- Church Arson Prevention Act (18 U.S. Code 247) -- Local Law Enforcement Enhancement Act -- Executive Branch -- U.S. Supreme Court Decisions -- Hate Crimes Legislation at the State Level -- Critics of Hate Crime Laws -- Recent Hate Crimes -- Some Major Targeted Groups -- African Americans -- Asian Americans -- Jewish Americans -- Gay Men, Lesbians, and Transgendered People -- Arab Americans and Muslim Americans -- Hate Crimes around the World -- Gays and Lesbians -- Jews -- Zainab Al-Suwaij (1971- ) -- Chip Berlet (1949- ) -- Kathleen M. Blee (1953- ) -- Floyd Cochran (1956- ) -- Rabbi Abraham Cooper (1950- ) -- Morris S. Dees (1936- ) -- Steven Emerson (1954- ) -- Gregory Herek (1954- ) -- James B. Jacobs (1947- ) -- Valerie Jenness (1963- ) -- Brian Levin (1963- ) -- Jack Levin (1941- ) -- Daniel Levitas (1960- ) -- Mark Potok (1955- ) -- Kenneth Stern (1953- ) -- Lu-in Wang (1962- ) -- Bill Wassmuth (1941-2001) -- Documents and Reports -- Statistics on Hate Crimes -- "Incidents and Offenses," -- Training Law Enforcement to Combat Hate Crimes -- "Responding to Hate Crimes: A Police Officer's Guide to Investigation and Prevention," -- Hate Crimes on Campus: A Growing Problem -- "Responding to Hate Crimes and Bias-Motivated Incidents on College/University Campuses," -- Additional Methods of Combating Campus Hate Crimes -- "Hate Crimes on Campus: The Problem and Efforts to Confront It, "