Contents -- Foreword -- Abbreviations Used in Texts, Notes, and References -- PART ONE. Agricultural Development in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Critical Survey -- Chapter I. Introduction -- 1. Scope of Review -- 2. Standard References -- 3. Overview of Agricultural Systems -- Chapter II. Historical and Theoretical Perspectives -- 1. Historical Perspective -- 2. Theoretical Perspectives -- Chapter III. Food and Agricultural Policy -- 1. Agrarian Capitalism and Socialism -- 2. Planning and Agricultural Sector Modeling -- 3. Large versus Small Farms -- 4. Marketing Boards and Food Grain Boards -- 5. Agricultural Prices -- 6. Rural Development Programs -- 7. Accelerated Food Production Campaigns -- 8. Synthesis -- Chapter IV. Smallholder Farming -- 1. Institutions Carrying Out Farm Level Studies -- 2. Methodological Issues in Rural Surveys -- 3. Applications of Analytical Techniques -- 4. Research on Selected Topics -- 5. Synthesis -- Chapter V. Technical Change -- 1. Historical Perspective -- 2. Agronomic Research -- 3. Irrigation -- 4. Animal and Tractor Mechanization -- 5. Agricultural Extension -- 6. Farming Systems Research (FSR) -- Chapter VI. Livestock -- 1. Behavior of Herders: Empirical Evidence -- 2. Livestock Production: Major Issues for Researchers -- 3. Small Ruminants -- 4. Research Direction -- 5. Livestock References -- Chapter VII. Trade, Marketing, Credit and Consumption -- 1. International Agricultural Trade -- 2. Local Trade and Food Marketing -- 3. Transportation -- 4. Processing -- 5. Storage -- 6. Credit -- 7. Cooperatives -- 8. Consumption -- 9. Nutrition -- Chapter VIII. Migration, Employment, and Equity Issues -- 1. Income Distribution and Inequality -- 2. Population -- 3. Migration -- 4. Rural Employment -- 5. Women in Development -- 6. Rural Small-Scale Industry -- 7. Fisheries -- 8. Recovery of the Sahel.

Chapter IX. Synthesis and Research Priorities for the 1990s -- 1. Synthesis -- 2. Research Priorities -- Notes -- References -- PART TWO. Agriculture in Economic Development: Theories, Findings, and Challenges in an Asian Context -- Chapter I. Introduction -- Chapter II. Agricultures Characteristics and Role -- 1. Stages of Agricultural Development -- 2. Special Characteristics of Asian Agriculture -- 3. Contributions of Agriculture -- 4. Structural Change and Growth Patterns -- Chapter III. Agriculture and Theories of Economic Development -- 1. Key Economic Relationships -- 2. Aggregate Theories of Economic Growth -- 3. Multisector Models of Economic Growth -- 4. Dualistic Development Models -- 5. Market Orientation -- Chapter IV. Agricultural Production Behavior, Technology, and Policy -- 1. Technology and Agricultural Productivity -- 2. Farm Size, Productivity, and Resource Allocation -- 3. Tenancy, Productivity, and Resource Allocation -- 4. Rationality, Incentives, and Price Policy -- 5. Rural Credit -- Chapter V. Agricultural Research and Transfer of Technology -- 1. Investment in Agricultural Research -- 2. Contribution of Agricultural Research -- 3. The Transfer of Agricultural Technology and Research -- 4. International Agricultural Research Centers -- Chapter VI. Marketable Surplus and Marketing Behavior -- 1. Price, Output, and Marketable Surplus -- 2. Farm Size and Marketable Surplus -- 3. Sectoral Terms of Trade and Marketable Surplus -- 4. Agricultural Marketing and Its Efficiency -- Chapter VII. Modernizing Agriculture and Rural Welfare -- 1. Food, Nutrition, and Consumption Patterns -- 2. Labor, Employment, and Wages -- 3. Poverty, Equity and Technology -- 4. Health and Education -- 5. Environmental Considerations -- 6. Women in Development -- Chapter VIII. Growth Linkages and Agricultural Development.

1. Sectoral Linkages and Development Strategy -- 2. Growth Linkages and Agricultural Development -- Chapter IX. International Trade and Resource Transfers -- 1. Resources for Economic Development -- 2. Agricultural Trade and Economic Development -- 3. National and International Resource Transfers -- Chapter X. Implementation and Assessment of Agricultural Strategy -- 1. Implementation of Agricultural Development Strategy -- 2. Evaluation of Agricultural Development Strategy -- Chapter XI. Summary, Conclusions, and Research Agenda -- Notes -- References -- Statistical References -- 1. General Statistical References -- 2. Statistical References for Specific Asian Countries -- PART THREE. The Theory, Empirical Evidence, and Debates on Agricultural Development Issues in Latin America: A Selective Survey -- Preface -- Chapter I. Introduction -- 1. Historical Background on the Region -- 2. Economic Background of the Region -- 3. Previous Surveys of the Literature on Agricultural Development in Latin America -- Chapter II. Agriculture in Theories of Economic Development -- 1. The Prebisch Thesis -- 2. The Economic Commission for Latin America (ECLA), Structuralism and Dependency Theory -- 3. The Monetarist-Structuralist Controversy -- 4. Summary -- Chapter III. Theories of Agricultural Development -- 1. The Hayami-Ruttan Model -- 2. Schuh's Eclectic Interpretation of Brazil's Agricultural Modernization -- 3. Other Brazilian Applications of the Hayami-Ruttan Model -- 4. Paiva's Model of Technological Dualism -- 5. De Janvrys Model of Argentine Agricultural Development -- 6. Tests of the Urban-Industrial Impact Model -- 7. Resource-Based Development and the Frontier -- 8. Furtado's Structuralist Model of Agricultural Stagnation -- 9. Socialist Agriculture -- 10. Concluding Comments.

Chapter IV. Supply Response, Marketing, Consumption, and Production: Empirical Studies -- 1. The Evidence on Supply Response -- 2. Marketing Studies -- 3. Consumption Studies -- 4. Production Studies -- 5. Concluding Comments -- Chapter V. The Distribution of Income and Empirical Studies -- 1. The Income Distribution Debate in Brazil -- 2. Colombia -- 3. Mexico -- 4. Other Studies -- 5. Concluding Comments -- Chapter VI. Trade, Exchange Rates, and Trade Performance: A Policy Perspective -- 1. Trade and Exchange Rate Policies and Trade Performance: Selected Countries and Issues -- 2. Wheat Imports: Indirect Discrimination Against Traditional Commodities -- 3. Policy Reform in the Southern Cone -- 4. Summary, Conclusions and Some Related Literature -- Chapter VII. Common Markets, Customs Unions, and Free Trade Associations -- 1. Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA) -- 2. Andean Common Market -- 3. Central American Common Market (CACM) -- 4. Concluding Comments -- Chapter VIII. Domestic Commodity Markets, Modern Input Markets, and Traditional Factor Markets: A Policy Perspective -- 1. Domestic Food Policies, Agricultural Policies, and Modern Input Policies -- 2. Contractual Arrangements Among Factors of Production -- 3. Land Tenancy Reform-General Issues -- 4. The Latin American Land Reform Literature -- 5. Agricultural Credit and Credit Policies -- 6. Labor Markets and Migration -- 7. Concluding Remarks on Product and Factor Market Research and Policy -- Chapter IX. Human Capital: A Policy Perspective -- 1. Education -- 2. Nutrition -- 3. Research and Extension -- 4. Conclusions -- Chapter X. Suggestions for Agricultural Development Policy and Concluding Comments -- 1. Functional Policy Issues -- 2. Cross-Cutting Policy Issues -- 3. International Institutional Issues -- 4. Learning by Doing.

5. Concluding Comments on the Literature of Latin American Agricultural Development -- Notes -- References -- PART FOUR. Philosophic Foundations of Agricultural Economic Thought from World War II to the mid-1970s -- Chapter I. Introduction -- 1. Structure of This Review -- 2. Coverage -- 3. Meanings and Basic Concepts -- Chapter II. The Beginning Inventory -- 1. Wisconsin Institutionalism -- 2. Cornell Empiricism -- 3. Neoclassical Utilitarianism -- 4. Theoretical Statistics and Econometrics -- Chapter III. Developments from World War II through 1976 -- 1. A Short Summary of Agricultural Economics Work, 1946-76 -- 2. The Philosophical and Methodological Significance of Selected Developments in Agricultural Economics, 1946-76 -- 3. The Need to Study the Normative -- 4. Individualism, Liberalism, Existentialism, Reactionaryism, and Processes -- 5. Marxism -- 6. The International Association of Agricultural Economists -- Chapter IV. The Ending Inventory -- 1. Positivism -- 2. Neoclassical Utilitarian Economics -- 3. Residual Impacts of the Late 1960s -- 4. Normativism -- 5. Pragmatism -- 6. Normativism and Positivism in Subject-Matter Research -- 7. Prescriptive Research -- 8. The Meaning of Truth in Economics -- Chapter V. In Conclusion -- Notes -- References.