CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- ACRONYMS -- Chapter 1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 Development of Mobile Radiocommunications -- 1.1.2 Evolution of Satellite Communications -- 1.1.3 Experiments with Active Communications Satellites -- 1.1.4 Early Progress in Mobile Satellite Communications and Navigation -- 1.2.1 Definition of Global Mobile Satellite Communications (GMSC) -- 1.2.2 Definition of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) -- 1.2.3 Definition of Satellite Communication, Navigation, and Surveillance (CNS) -- 1.2.4 Network Architecture of GMSC -- 1.3.1 Maritime Mobile Satellite Communications (MMSC) -- 1.3.2 Land Mobile Satellite Communications (LMSC) -- 1.3.3 Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Communications (AMSC) -- 1.3.4 Global Mobile Personal Satellite Communications (GMPSC) -- 1.4.1 International Telecommunications Union (ITU) and Radio Regulations -- 1.4.2 International Maritime Organization (IMO) and Regulations -- 1.4.3 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and Regulations -- 1.4.4 International Air Transport Association (IATA) -- 1.4.5 International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) -- 1.4.6 World Meteorological Organization (WMO) -- 1.4.7 Mobile Satellite Users Association (MSUA) -- 1.5.1 International Satellite Communications Organizations -- 1.5.2 Former International MSS Operators -- 1.6.1 Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) -- 1.6.2 Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) -- 1.6.3 Personal Mobile Satellite Service (PMSS) -- 1.6.4 Radio Navigation Satellite Service (RNSS) -- 1.6.5 Radio Determination Satellite Service (RDSS) -- 1.6.6 Mobile Broadcast Satellite Service (MBSS) -- 1.6.7 Mobile Satellite Broadband Service (MSBS) -- 1.7.1 WEFAX System -- 1.7.2 Automatic Picture Transmission (APT) -- 1.7.3 Applied Weather Technology (AWT) -- 1.7.4 Global Meteorological Technologies (GMT) -- 1.7.5 Noble Denton Weather Services (NDWS).

1.7.6 Global Sea State Information via Internet (GSSII) -- 1.8.1 Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) -- 1.8.2 Aeronautical Weather Forecast -- 1.8.3 SPECI Criteria -- Chapter 2 Space Segment -- 2.1.1 Space Environment -- 2.1.2 Laws of Satellite Motion -- 2.1.3 Horizon and Geographic Satellite Coordinates -- 2.2.1 Satellite Installation and Launching Operations -- 2.2.2 Satellite Launchers and Launching Systems -- 2.3.1 Low Earth Orbits (LEO) -- 2.3.2 Circular Orbits -- 2.3.3 Highly Elliptical Orbits (HEO) -- 2.3.4 Polar Earth Orbits (PEO) -- 2.3.5 Hybrid Satellite Orbits (HSO) -- 2.4.1 Satellite Repeaters for Mobile Satellite Communications -- 2.4.2 Satellite Repeaters for Cospas-Sarsat System -- 2.4.3 Satellite Repeaters for New Generation of GEO and Non-GEO MSC -- 2.4.4 Satellite Navigation Repeaters for GNSS -- 2.4.5 Repeaters for Stratospheric Communication Platforms (SCP) -- 2.4.6 Satellite Antenna System for MSC -- 2.4.7 Satellite Bus -- 2.5.1 Direct ISL Data Transmission over GEO Satellite -- 2.5.2 RF ISL -- 2.5.3 Optical ISL -- 2.5.4 Transmission and Reception of Optical Sources -- 2.5.5 Iridium ISL and Mobility System -- Chapter 3 Transmission Systems -- 3.1.1 Voice Signals -- 3.1.2 Data Signals -- 3.1.3 Video Signals -- 3.1.4 Basic Concept of Modulation -- 3.1.5 Analog and Digital Domains -- 3.2.1 Baseband Processing -- 3.2.2 Analog Modulation and Multiplexing -- 3.2.3 Double-Sideband Amplitude Modulation (DSB-AM) -- 3.2.4 Single-Sideband Amplitude Modulation (SSB-AM) -- 3.2.5 Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) -- 3.3.1 Delta Modulation (DM) -- 3.3.2 Coded Modulation (CM) -- 3.3.3 Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) -- 3.3.4 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) -- 3.3.5 Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) -- 3.3.6 Types of Digital Shift Keying -- 3.3.7 Combinations of PSK Digital Carriers -- 3.3.8 Digital Voice Coding.

3.4.1 Channel Processing -- 3.4.2 Coding -- 3.4.3 Decoding -- 3.4.4 Error Correction -- 3.5.1 Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) -- 3.5.2 Forms of FDMA Operations -- 3.5.3 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) -- 3.5.4 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) -- 3.5.5 Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) -- 3.5.6 Random Division Multiple Access (RDMA) -- 3.6.1 Mobile Internet Protocol (IP) -- 3.6.2 Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) -- 3.6.3 Mobile Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) -- 3.6.4 Fixed Digital Video Broadcasting-Return Channel via Satellite (DVB-RCS) -- 3.6.5 Mobile Digital Video Broadcasting-Return Channel over Satellite (DVB-RCS) -- 3.7.1 Audio Broadcasting -- 3.7.2 Video Broadcasting -- 3.8.1 Transmission System Architecture -- 3.8.2 Generic Reference Integrated Receiver Decoder (IRD) Model -- 3.9.1 Digital Video Broadcast-Second Generation (DVB-S2) Standard -- 3.9.2 DVB-S2 Architecture -- Chapter 4 Airborne Antenna Systems -- 4.1.1 Development of Antennas for MSC -- 4.1.2 Classification and Types of Mobile Satellite Antennas (MSA) -- 4.2.1 Mechanical Characteristics -- 4.2.2 Electrical Characteristics -- 4.2.3 Basic Relations of Antennas -- 4.3.1 Quadrifilar Helix Antenna (QHA) -- 4.3.2 Crossed-Drooping Dipole Antenna (CDDA) -- 4.3.3 Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) -- 4.4.1 Aperture Reflector Antennas -- 4.4.2 Wire Antennas -- 4.4.3 Array Antennas -- 4.6.1 Introduction of Antennas for Inmarsat GEO System -- 4.6.2 Classification of Inmarsat Aeronautical Antenna -- 4.6.3 Airborne Antenna Systems for DVB-RCS Solutions -- 4.6.4 Antenna Systems for Aeronautical Satellite Broadcasting (ASB) -- 4.6.5 Transmitting Antennas for ELT Cospas-Sarsat System -- 4.6.6 Antennas for GEO and Non-GEO Satellite Systems -- 4.7.1 Receiving Radio and TV AM/FM Aircraft Antennas -- 4.7.2 Transceiving VHF and VHF Data Link (VDL) Antenna Systems.

4.7.3 Transceiving VHF Radio Antennas for Military Applications -- 4.7.4 Transceiving UHF Radio Telephone (RT) Antennas -- 4.7.5 Transceiving VHF/UHF Broadband Antennas for Multipurpose Applications -- 4.7.6 Transceiving Wideband Aircraft Antennas for Multipurpose Applications -- 4.7.7 Transceiving HF Antennas -- 4.7.8 Transceiving Broadband Aircraft Antennas -- 4.8.1 Not Augmented GPS and GLONASS GNSS Antenna Systems -- 4.8.2 Augmented GPS and GLONASS GNSS/AGNSS and XM Antenna Systems -- 4.8.3 Navigation, Weather, and Sirius Radio Antenna Systems -- 4.8.4 Antennas for DME and ADF Systems -- 4.8.5 Antennas for RA, MLS, and TCAS Systems -- 4.8.6 Antennas for VOR, LOC, and GS Systems -- 4.8.7 Receiving Marker Beacon (MB) Antennas for ILS System -- 4.8.8 Integrated Antennas Systems -- 4.9.1 Antenna High-Power Amplifier (HPA) and HPA/ DLNA Configuration -- 4.9.2 Aircraft Antenna Steering System -- 4.9.3 Antenna Mount and Tracking Systems -- 4.9.4 Location and Tracking of GEO Satellite by Antenna Onboard Aircraft -- 4.9.5 Airborne Antenna Mounting and Steering -- 4.9.6 Aircraft Radio Station (ARS) Antenna Mounting -- Chapter 5 Propagation and Interference Consideration -- 5.1.1 Electromagnetic Vectors and Polarization -- 5.1.2 Speed of Propagation and Relationship to Wavelength and Frequency -- 5.1.3 Radiowave Propagation -- 5.1.4 Derivation of Free Space Path Loss -- 5.1.5 Isotropic Power Source -- 5.1.6 Power Flux Density and Electric Field Strength -- 5.2.1 Refraction -- 5.2.2 Attenuation from Atmosphere Absorption -- 5.2.3 Non-LOS Propagation -- 5.2.4 Two-Ray Model -- 5.3.1 Ionosphere -- 5.3.2 Propagation Distance of Satellite and Atmospheric Losses -- 5.3.3 Propagation Caused by Doppler Effect -- 5.4.1 Propagation Effects of the Troposphere -- 5.4.2 Clear-Sky Effects on Atmospheric Propagation -- 5.4.3 Transionospheric Propagation.

5.5.1 Environmental Noise Temperature Sources -- 5.5.2 Atmospheric Noise Temperature Elements -- 5.5.3 Galactic and Other Interplanetary Noise Effects -- 5.6.1 Depolarization and Polarization Components -- 5.6.2 Relation Between Depolarization and Attenuation -- 5.7.1 Propagation in Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Communications (AMSC) -- 5.7.2 Surface Reflection and Local Environmental Effects -- 5.7.3 Interference from Adjacent Satellite Systems -- 5.7.4 Specific Local Environmental Influence in AMSC -- INDEX -- SUPPORTING MATERIALS.