Imaging Musculoskeletal Trauma: Interpretation and Reporting -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Chapter 1 Essential Concepts in Imaging Musculoskeletal Trauma -- Introduction -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Direct force -- Indirect force -- Appropriateness criteria for imaging musculoskeletal trauma -- Radiographs -- Computed Tomography (CT) -- Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging -- Bone scintigraphy -- Ultrasound -- Approach to accurate fracture detection on radiographs -- Pattern search approach to radiographs in musculoskeletal trauma -- Description of fractures and joint injuries -- Open versus closed -- Location -- Intra-articular extension -- Morphology of fracture lines -- Alignment -- Classification of fractures -- Special types of fractures (stress, insufficiency, and pathologic) -- Stress fractures -- Insufficiency fractures -- Pathologic fractures -- Essential elements of the radiology report -- Chapter 2 Pediatric Skeletal Trauma -- Fracture principles in children -- Appropriateness criteria for imaging musculoskeletal trauma in children -- Radiographs -- Computed Tomography (CT) -- Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging -- Ultrasound -- Approach to interpretation of pediatric radiographs in musculoskeletal trauma -- Classification of fractures in pediatric patients -- Plastic deformation -- Buckle or torus fracture -- Greenstick fracture -- Complete fracture -- Epiphyseal and apophyseal injuries -- Little Leaguer's shoulder -- Elbow injury in children -- Anatomy -- Radiograph interpretation in elbow trauma -- Supracondylar fractures -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment consideration -- Medial epicondyle fractures -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations.

Lateral condyle fractures -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Avulsion fractures in the pelvis -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Avulsion fractures of the tibial tubercle -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Classification -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Patellar sleeve avulsion fractures -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Tillaux and Triplane fractures -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Pediatric spine trauma -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Musculoskeletal manifestations in non-accidental trauma (child abuse) -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Chapter 3 Spine -- Cervical spine anatomy -- Appropriateness criteria for imaging cervical spine trauma -- Approach to interpretation of cervical spine radiographs -- Approach to interpretation of cervical spine CT -- Axial images -- Sagittal reformatted images -- Coronal reformatted images -- Craniocervical injuries -- Occipital condyle fractures -- Anatomy -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Craniocervical junction dislocations and subluxations -- Anatomy -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Atlas (C1) fractures -- Anatomy -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations.

Axis (C2) fractures -- Anatomy -- Odontoid fractures -- Hangman's fractures -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Subaxial cervical spine fractures -- Hyperflexion injuries -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Hyperextension injuries -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Axial loading injuries -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Thoracolumbar spine -- Anatomy -- Appropriateness criteria for imaging thoracolumbar spine trauma -- Approach to interpretation of thoracolumbar spine radiographs -- Approach to interpretation of thoracolumbar spine CT -- Thoracolumbar spine injuries -- Compression fractures -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Burst fractures -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Flexion distraction injuries -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Hyperextension injuries -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Fracture-dislocations -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Chapter 4 Shoulder and Proximal Humerus -- Anatomy -- Appropriateness criteria for imaging shoulder trauma -- Radiographs -- Computed Tomography (CT) -- Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging -- Ultrasound -- Approach to interpretation of shoulder radiographs -- Proximal humeral fractures -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Humeral shaft fractures -- Anatomy.

Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Glenohumeral joint dislocations -- Anatomy -- Classification -- Anterior dislocation -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Posterior dislocation -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Luxatio erecta (inferior dislocation) -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Scapular fractures -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Sternoclavicular joint dislocations -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Clavicular Fractures -- Anatomy -- Fracture epidemiology and mechanism -- Classification -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Acromioclavicular joint dislocations -- Anatomy -- Injury epidemiology and mechanism -- Classification -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment Considerations -- Chapter 5 Elbow and Forearm -- Anatomy -- Appropriateness criteria for imaging elbow trauma -- Radiographs -- Computed Tomography (CT) -- Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging -- Ultrasound -- Approach to interpretation of elbow radiographs -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Epicondylar fractures -- Supracondylar fractures -- Transcondylar fractures -- Intercondylar fractures -- Condylar fractures -- Capitellar fractures -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Radial head and neck fractures -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Olecranon fractures -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications.

Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Elbow dislocations -- Anatomy -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Fractures of ulna and radius shafts -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Chapter 6 Wrist and Hand -- Anatomy -- Appropriateness criteria for imaging hand and wrist trauma -- Radiographs -- Computed Tomography (CT) -- Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging -- Ultrasound -- Bone scintigraphy -- Approach to interpretation of hand and wrist radiographs -- Distal radius and ulna fractures -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Carpal bone fractures -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Carpal dislocations -- Anatomy -- Injury mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Metacarpal and phalangeal fractures -- Anatomy -- Fracture mechanism and epidemiology -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Dislocations at the hand -- Anatomy -- Injury Mechanism and Epidemiology -- Classification -- Complications -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations -- Chapter 7 Pelvis and Proximal Femur -- Anatomy -- Appropriateness criteria for imaging pelvis and proximal femur trauma -- Radiographs -- Computed Tomography (CT) -- Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging -- Approach to interpretation of pelvic radiographs -- Pelvic ring fractures -- Anatomy -- Complications -- Classification -- Imaging evaluation -- Treatment considerations.

Acetabular fractures.