Computing machinery and intelligence / A. M. Turing -- Chess-playing programs and the problem of complexity / Allen Newell, J. C. Shaw, and H. A. Simon -- Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers / A. L. Samuel -- Empirical explorations with the logic theory machine : a case study of neuristics / Allen Newell, J. C. Shaw, and H. A. Simon -- Realization of a geometry-theorem proving machine / H. Gelernter -- Empirical explorations of a geometry-theorem proving machine / H. Gelernter, J. R. Hansen, and D. W. Loveland -- Summary of a heuristic line balancing procedure / Fred M. Tonge -- Heuristic program that solves symbolic integration problems in freshman calculus / James L. Slagle -- Baseball : an automatic question answerer / Bert F. Green, Alice K. Wolf, Carol Chomsky, and Kenneth Laughery -- Inferential memory as the basis of machines which understand natural language/ Robert K. Lindsay -- Pattern recognition by machine / Oliver G. Selfridge and Ulric Neisser -- Pattern- recognition program that generates evaluates and adjusts its own operators / Leonard Uhr and Charles Vossler -- GPS, a program that simulates human thought / Allen Newell and H. A. Simon -- Simulation of verbal learning behavior /Edward A. Feigenbaum -- Programming : a model of human concept formulation / Earl B. Hunt and Carl I. Hovland -- Simulation of behavior in the binary choice experiement /Julian Feldman -- Model of the trust investment process /Geoffrey P. E. Clarkson -- Computer model of elementary school behavior / John T. Gullahorn and Jeanne E. Gullahorn -- Attitudes toward intelligent machiens / Paul Armer -- Steps toward artificial intelligence -- Marvin Minsky.