TABLE OF CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- CHAPTER I. THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE BASIC PATTERNS OF ERGOTROPIC AND TROPHOTROPIC REACTIONS -- I. The activation of the Ergotropic and Trophotropic Systems through Spinal Reflexes -- II. The Trophotropic and Ergotropic Systems at Supraspinal Levels -- 1. Some Basic Observations on Hypothalamic Functions -- 2. Arousal from Reticular Formation and Related Structures -- 3. On the Psychophysiology of Arousal -- 4. The Trophotropic Supraspinal System -- 5. On the Separability of Trophotropic and Ergotropic Effects -- 6. The Behavior of Single Neurons in Evoked States of Synchronization and Desynchronization of the Cerebral Cortex -- 7. Brain Stem and Ergotropic and Trophotropic Balance -- III. Reciprocal Relations and Related Problems -- 1. Reciprocal Ergotropic-Trophotropic Relations at the Spinal and Medullary Levels -- 2. Reciprocity at the Hypothalamic Level -- 3. Reciprocal Relations between Extrahypothalamic Ergotropic and Trophotropic Systems -- 4. Medullary Lesions and Hypothalamic Ergotropic and Trophotropic Effects -- IV. Concluding Remarks -- V. Summary -- CHAPTER II. PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF ERGOTROPIC AND TROPHOTROPIC IMBALANCES -- APPLICATION TO VARIOUS STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS -- I. Deviations in Autonomic Nervous Functions from the Principle of Reciprocity -- 1. Observations on Reflexes and Hypothalamic Stimulation -- 2. Changes in Internal Environment -- 3. Further Examples -- 4. The Ergotropic and Trophotropic Systems and Deprivation of Sleep -- II. Dominance of the Trophotropic System -- 1. The "Tuning" of the Hypothalamus -- 2. Autonomic Balance in Sensory Deprivation -- 3. Narcolepsy -- III. Interpretation -- IV. Dissociations between the Upward and Downward Discharges of the Ergotropic System -- 1. Mental Activity and the Striated Muscles.

2. The Yoga Trance and the Significance of Muscular Relaxation -- 3. Paradoxical Sleep -- 4. Depression of Cortical and Release of Ergotropic Functions -- V. Dissociation between Reticular and Hypothalamic Upward Discharges -- 1. Hypnosis -- VI. Discussion and Conclusions -- VII. Appendix. Problems of Homeostasis -- CHAPTER III. THE ROLE OF THE ERGOTROPIC AND TROPHOTROPIC SYSTEMS IN CONDITIONING -- I. Some Characteristics of the Conditional Response -- II. Electroencephalographic Changes during Conditioning -- III. Cortico-Cortical Conditioning -- IV. The Role of Subcortical Structures -- V. Influence of Hypothalamic and Reticular Lesions on Conditioning -- VI. Convulsions and Conditioned Reflexes -- VII. Hypothalamic Stimulation and Conditional Reflexes -- VIII. Conditioning, Self-Stimulation, and Spreading Depression -- IX. Hypothalamic-Cortical and Thalamo-Cortical Discharges in Conditioning -- X. Limbic Brain and Conditioning -- XI Observations on Hormonal Secretion and Conditioning -- 1. The Adrenal Cortex -- 2. The Adrenal Medulla -- XII. Some Observations on Drugs, Neurohumors, and Conditioning -- XIII. Reinforced Conditional Stimuli and the Ergotropic System -- XIV. Internal Inhibition and the Trophotropic System -- XV. Ergotropic-Trophotropic Balance and Conditioning -- XVI. Concluding Remarks and Summary -- CHAPTER IV. THE PHYSIOLOGY OF EXPERIMENTAL NEUROSIS AND OF STATES OF ANXIETY -- I. Physiology of Experimental Neurosis -- 1. The Production of Experimental Neurosis -- 2. Conditioned Responses during Experimental Neurosis and Related States -- 3. General Symptomatology of the Experimental Neurosis -- 4. The Hypothalamic System in Experimental Neurosis and Related Conditions -- 5. Physiological Mechanism Underlying Neurosis-Producing Procedures -- 6. Pavlov's Phasic (Hypnotic) Phenomena.

7. The Physiological Basis of the Excitatory and the Inhibitory Form of Experimental Neurosis -- II. Physiological Differentiation between Acute Fear, Subacute Fear, and Chronic Anxiety -- 1. Physiological Basis of Acute Fear -- 2. Subacute States of Fear -- 3. Anxiety -- III. Physiological Considerations Concerning the Therapy of Neuroses -- 1. Experimental Neurosis -- 2. Clinical Neurosis -- IV. Conditioning Processes in Abnormal Mental States -- V. Summary -- CHAPTER V. ASPECTS OF RETICULO-SOMATIC INTERACTIONS -- I. Effect of Reticular Formation on the Motor System -- 1. Facilitation of Movements through the Reticulo-Hypothalamic System -- 2. Pain and Movements -- 3. Facilitation of Convulsive Discharges -- II. Interrelations between the Sensory and the Reticular Systems -- III. The Contribution of Afferent Impulses to the Emotions -- 1. Posture and Mood -- 2. Facial Movements and Emotions -- 3. The Significance of Loss of Facial Expression -- 4. On Empathy -- IV. Emotion and Perception -- V. Summary -- CHAPTER VI. PHYSIOLOGICAL COLLISIONS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICTS -- I. Physiological Collisions Involving the Nutritive Reflex -- II. Further Examples of Physiological Collisions -- III. Collision of Physiological Processes Underlying Instincts -- IV. Substitutive Behavior -- V. Psychological Conflicts -- VI. Summary -- CHAPTER VII. PATTERNS OF ERGOTROPIC DISCHARGES -- I. Sympathetico-Adrenal Discharge -- II. The Physiological Significance of Adrenomedullary Secretion -- III. Sympathetic Vasodilatation as Part of the Sympathetico-Adrenal Discharge -- IV. The Transition of Sympathetic to Sympathetico-Adrenal Activity -- V. Partial Ergotropic Discharges in Man and Animals -- VI. Insulin Hypoglycemia and Related Conditions -- VII. The Ergotropic Discharge in the Paradoxical Phase of Sleep -- VIII. Intermediate Summary and Interpretation.

IX. Intraergotropic Adjustment Reactions -- X. Variations in the Cortical Activation Pattern Originating in Hypothalamus and Reticular Formation -- XI. Concluding Remarks -- CHAPTER VIII. INTERNAL SECRETIONS AND THE ERGOTROPIC AND TROPHOTROPIC SYSTEMS -- I. The Thyroid Gland -- II. Hypothalamic Balance and ACTH -- III. Hypothalamus and Sexual Functions -- IV. Interpretation and Summary -- CHAPTER IX. THE ROLE OF THE NEUROHUMORS IN SLEEP AND AROUSAL -- I. Adrenaline and the Initiation of Arousal -- II. Some Pharmacological Observations -- III. Adrenaline, Acetylcholine, and the Brain Stem -- IV. On the Biochemical Basis of Sleep -- V. Further Studies on the Action of Acetylcholine on Sleep -- VI. Acetylcholine, Noradrenaline, and Arousal -- VII. Some Unresolved Problems -- VIII. The Neurohumoral Transfer of Sleep and Arousal -- IX. Concluding Remarks -- X. Summary -- CHAPTER X. BEHAVIORAL IMPLICATIONS -- I. The Ergotropic and Trophotropic Systems and Behavior -- II. Self-Stimulation and the Trophotropic-Ergotropic Systems -- REFERENCES -- BIBLIOGRAPHICAL APPENDIX -- INDEX -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- V -- Y.