Preface -- Contents -- Texts and References -- Introduction -- PART I: TOWARDS THE METHODS OF ETHICS -- 1. The Development of Sidgwick's Thought -- i. Sidgwick's Life -- ii. Religion in the 1860s -- iii. Sidgwick's Religious Development -- iv. Sidgwick's Writings on Religion -- v. Sidgwick's Early Ethical Views -- vi. Sidgwick on Knowledge and Philosophy -- 2. Intuitionism and Common Sense -- i. Reid's Ethics -- ii. The Scottish School -- iii. Thomas Brown -- iv. Alexander Smith -- 3. The Cambridge Moralists -- i. Coleridge -- ii. The Coleridgeans -- iii. Whewell's Ethics: The System -- iv. Whewell's Ethics: The Difficulties -- v. John Grote -- 4. The Early Utilitarians -- i. Utility and Religion -- ii. Bentham -- iii. Godwin -- iv. Early Criticism -- 5. The Reworking of Utilitarianism -- i. Utilitarians and Rules -- ii. J. S. Mill: Philosophy and Society -- iii. Some Further Criticisms of Utilitarianism -- iv. The Other Utilitarians -- v. Mill's Utilitarianism and its Reception -- PART II: THE METHODS OF ETHICS -- 6. The Aims and Scope of The Methods of Ethics -- i. The Focus on Common Sense -- ii. The Relation of Method to Principle -- iii. The Basic Methods -- iv. Ethics, Epistemology, and Psychology -- v. Ethics and Free Will -- vi. The Limits to Synthesis -- 7. Reason and Action -- i. The Basic Notion -- ii. Reason, Right, Ought, and Good -- iii. The Neutrality of Practical Concepts -- iv. Scepticism -- Appendix: The Development of I, iii and I, ix -- 8. Acts and Agents -- i. Martineau's Theory -- ii. The Religious Context of Martineau's Theory -- iii. Sidgwick's Criticisms: The Data -- iv. Sidgwick's Criticisms: The Theory -- v. The Outcome of the Controversy -- 9. The Examination of Common-Sense Morality -- i. The Role of the Examination -- ii. The Principles of the Examination -- iii. Common Sense Examined -- iv. The Dependence Argument.

10. The Self-Evident Axioms -- i. Some Methodological Concerns -- ii. The Axioms Stated -- iii. The Source and Function of the Axioms -- iv. Axioms and Substantive Principles -- 11. The Transition to Utilitarianism -- i. Virtue and the Ultimate Good -- ii. Pleasure -- iii. Pleasure and the Ultimate Good -- 12. Utilitarianism and its Method -- i. Utilitarianism Stated -- ii. The Systematization Argument -- iii. The Search for a Code -- iv. Rules and Exceptions -- v. Utilitarianism and Common Sense -- 13. The Dualism of the Practical Reason -- i. The Viability of Egoism -- ii. Egoism and the Systematization Argument -- iii. The Axiom of Egoism -- iv. The Necessity of Egoism -- v. The Problem of the Dualism -- vi. The Final Uncertainty -- PART III: AFTER THE METHODS -- 14. Sidgwick and the Later Victorians -- i. Evolutionism -- ii. Idealism: F. H. Bradley -- iii. Idealism: T. H. Green -- 15. Sidgwick and the History of Ethics -- i. Sidgwick's History of Ethics -- ii. Sidgwick in the History of Ethics -- BIBLIOGRAPHIES -- I. Henry Sidgwiek: Manuscripts and Published Writings -- II. (a) Checklist of Moralists, 1785-1900 -- (b) Literature on John Stuart Mill's Utilitarianism, 1861-76 -- III. General Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W.