Safety of Dams -- Copyright -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Extreme Floods and Earthquakes-The Nature of the Problem -- DESIGN OBJECTIVES -- WHAT SHOULD SAFETY COST? -- REASONABLE CARE AND PRUDENCE IN DAM DESIGN -- 3 Summary of Present Practices on Dam Safety Standards -- INVENTORY OF CURRENT PRACTICES -- CLASSIFICATION OF DAMS -- SPILLWAY CAPACITY CRITERIA -- CRITERIA FOR EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS -- Seismic Zones of the United States -- Earthquake Intensity and Magnitude Scales -- Seismic Design Terminology -- Seismic Criteria for Pseudostatic Stability Analysis -- Dynamic Response Analyses -- 4 History of Development of Present Practices -- DESIGN CRITERIA FOR EXTREME FLOODS -- Early Period -- Regional Discharge Period -- Storm Transposition Period -- Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) Period -- Composite Criteria -- Risk-Based Analyses -- EARTHQUAKE-RESISTANT DESIGN OF DAMS -- Concrete Dams -- Earth Dams -- 5 Design Flood Estimates: Methods and Critique -- TYPES OF APPROACHES -- DETERMINISTIC APPROACH -- Summary -- Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) Evaluation -- Antecedent Conditions -- Reservoir Routing -- THE PROBABILISTIC APPROACH -- THE RISK ANALYSIS APPROACH -- CRITIQUE -- Dam Classification Systems -- Spillway Capacity Criteria -- Risk-Cost Analyses -- Overview -- 6 Design Earthquake Estimates: Methods and Critique -- DETERMINISTIC-STATISTICAL METHOD -- SEISMOTECTONIC (SEMIPROBABILISTIC) METHOD -- PROBABILISTIC-RISK ANALYSIS -- OTHER EARTHQUAKE PARAMETERS -- RESERVOIR-INDUCED EARTHQUAKES -- 7 Consideration of Risk in Dam Safety Evaluations -- INTRODUCTION -- RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF RISK OF DAM FAILURES -- THE DESIGN PROCESS -- COMPARISONS OF RISK MANAGEMENT STANDARDS -- RETROFITTING TO MEET NEW STANDARDS -- 8 Risk and the Calculus of Legal Liability in Dam Failures -- INTRODUCTION.

COMMON LAW AND SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY -- THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AND SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY -- THE RISKS OF NEGLIGENCE -- OPERATING DURING A FLOOD -- "ACTS OF GOD" AND PMF -- THE RISKS OF COMPLYING WITH MINIMAL GOVERNMENT OR PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS -- THE RISKS INHERENT IN DESIGN TRADE-OFFS -- THE RISKS OF STRICT LIABILITY -- CONCLUSION -- 9 Proposed Hydrologic Criteria -- BASIS FOR PROPOSALS -- SAFETY EVALUATION FLOOD -- PROPOSED CRITERIA FOR NEW HIGH-HAZARD DAMS -- CRITERIA FOR EXISTING HIGH-HAZARD DAMS -- CRITERIA FOR INTERMEDIATE- AND LOW-HAZARD DAMS -- RISK-BASED ANALYSES -- HAZARD CLASSIFICATIONS FOR DAMS -- IMPACT OF PROPOSALS -- Federal Implications -- Nonfederal Implications -- 10 Proposed Earthquake Criteria -- BASIS FOR ANALYSIS -- DESIGN CRITERIA -- DESIGN APPROACH -- Concrete Dams -- Embankment Dams -- COMBINED EARTHQUAKE AND FLOOD CRITERIA -- 11 Continuing Development of Hydrologic and Earthquake Engineering Technologies -- OVERVIEW -- HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL RESEARCH -- EARTHQUAKE RESEARCH -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Design Criteria in Use for Dams Relative to Hazards of Extreme Floods -- Contents -- Part 1 Federal Agencies -- Ad Hoc Interagency Committee on Dam Safety of the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology -- Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of the Interior -- Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) -- Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture -- Definitions -- Interagency Committee on Dam Safety (ICODS) -- National Weather Service (NWS), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of ... -- Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture -- Tennessee Valley Authority -- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (For Corps Projects) -- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers-(for National Dam Inspection Program) -- U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC).

Part 2 State Agencies Responsible for dam Safety -- Alaska -- Arizona -- Arkansas -- Equal to or Greater Than -- California -- Colorado -- Georgia -- Spillway Requirements -- Hawaii -- Illinois -- Indiana -- Kansas -- Louisiana -- Maine -- Michigan -- Mississippi -- Missouri -- Nebraska -- New Jersey -- New Mexico -- New York -- North Carolina -- North Dakota -- Ohio -- Pennsylvania -- South Carolina -- South Dakota -- Texas -- Utah -- Virginia -- Washington -- West Virginia -- Part 3 other Governmental Agencies -- City of Los Angeles, California, Department of Water and Power -- East Bay Municipal Utility District, California -- Salt River Project, Arizona -- Santee Cooper (South Carolina Public Service Authority) -- Part 4 Technical Societies -- American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) -- International Commission on Large Dams (ICOLD) -- U.S. Committee on Large Dams (USCOLD) -- Part 5 Firms in United States -- Acres American, Inc., Buffalo, New York -- Alabama Power Co., Birmingham, Alabama -- R.W. Beck and Associates, Seattle, Washington -- Central Maine Power Company, Augusta, Maine -- Duke Power Company, Charlotte, North Carolina -- Charles T. Main, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts -- Planning Research Corporation (PRC), Denver, Colorado -- Yankee Atomic Electric Co., Framingham, Massachusetts -- Part 6 Other Entities in United States -- Illinois Association of Lake Communities -- Part 7 Foreign Countries -- The Institution of Civil Engineers, London -- Appendix B Design Criteria in Use for Dams Relative to Earthquake Hazards -- Contents -- Part 1-Federal Agencies -- Ad Hoc Interagency Committee on Dam Safety of the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology -- Bureau of Reclamation, U.S. Department of the Interior -- Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), U.S. Department of Energy.

Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture -- Interagency Committee on Dam Safety (ICODS) -- Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture -- Tennessee Valley Authority -- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (For Corps Projects) -- U.S. Army Corps of Engineers -- U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) -- Part 2 State Agencies Responsible for Dam Safety -- Alaska -- Arizona -- Arkansas -- California -- Colorado -- Georgia -- Hawaii -- Illinois -- Indiana -- Kansas -- Louisiana -- Maine -- Michigan -- Mississippi -- Missouri -- Nebraska -- New Jersey -- New Mexico -- New York -- North Carolina -- North Dakota -- Ohio -- Pennsylvania -- South Carolina -- South Dakota -- Texas -- Utah -- Virginia -- Washington -- West Virginia -- Part 3 Other Governmental Agencies -- City of Los Angeles, California, Department of Water and Power -- East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD), California -- New York Power Authority -- Salt River Project, Arizona -- Santee Cooper (South Carolina Public Service Authority) -- Part 4 Private Firms in United States -- Acres American, Inc., Buffalo, New York -- Alabama Power Company, Birmingham, Alabama -- Central Maine Power Company, Augusta, Maine -- Charles T.Main, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts -- Duke Power Company, Charlotte, North Carolina -- Planning Research Corporation (PRC), Denver, Colorado -- R.W. Beck and Associates, Seattle, Washington -- Yankee Atomic Electric Company, Framingham, Massachusetts -- Appendix C Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) Estimates -- Basic Data -- Storm Transposition -- Adjustment for Moisture -- Envelopment -- Application to Estimate for Specific Basin -- Procedures for Mountainous Regions -- Generalized PMP Charts -- Application of PMP -- Spatial Distribution -- Temporal Distribution -- Seasonal Variation of PMP -- Evaluation of PMP.

Appendix D Concepts of Probability in Hydrology -- Bulletin 17 Procedures for Flood-Frequency Analysis -- Flood Recurrence Intervals and Flood Risk -- Estimating the Return Period of the PMF -- Frequency Analyses for Rare Floods -- Regionalization -- Use of Historical Flood Data -- Numerical Evaluation of Expected Damages -- Estimating the Probability Density Function -- Estimating the Damage Functions -- Numerical Integration -- A Simple Example of Expected Damages -- Appendix E Risk Analysis Approach to Dam Safety Evaluations -- Extrapolation of Frequency Curves -- Evaluating Risks -- An Example -- Use of Expected Costs -- Loss of Life Calculations -- Advantages and Limitations of Risk Analysis Approach -- Appendix F Glossary -- APPENDIX G -- REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY -- Appendix H Biographical Sketches of Committee Members -- Members -- Technical Consultant -- Index.