Computer Chips and Paper Clips -- Copyright -- Contents -- Volume II: Case Studies and Policy Perspectives -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Technological Change and Women Workers in the Office -- TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE -- Information Technologies -- Computers -- Data-Entry Technologies -- Storage and Processing -- Output and Display Technologies -- System Compatibility and Interconnection -- Telecommunications -- Social Context of Technological Change -- Output and Employment: Trends and Interpretations -- Output Measures -- Employment Effects -- Employment Levels -- Employment Quality -- WOMEN'S EMPLOYMENT -- Overview -- Why Technology May Affect Women Differentially -- Job Segregation -- Clerical Occupations -- Differential Status and Access to on-the-Job Training -- Differential Responsibility for Family Care -- Conclusion -- 2 Historical Patterns of Technological Change -- THE TELEPHONE AND TELEPHONE OPERATORS -- WORKERS IN PRINTING AND PUBLISHING -- THE AUTOMATED OFFICE AND ITS WORKERS -- Secretaries -- Accountants and Bookkeepers -- Insurance Clerks -- Bank Tellers -- RETAIL CLERKS -- NURSING AND NURSES -- CONCLUSIONS -- 3 Effects of Technological Change: Employment Levels and Occupational Shifts -- PROBLEMS IN EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS -- Underlying Factors -- Data Problems -- THE SUPPLY OF WOMEN WORKERS -- Labor Force Participation Rates -- Projections of Labor Force Participation Rates -- Projections of Age-Specific Rates -- Other Features of Women's Labor Force Participation -- Educational Attainment of the Labor Force -- THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE -- The Influence of Labor Supply -- The Demand for Workers -- Unemployment -- RECENT TRENDS IN CLERICAL EMPLOYMENT -- Overall Growth -- Occupational Shifts within Clerical Work -- Demographic Trends in Clerical Employment -- Sources of Change in Clerical Work.

OUTLOOK FOR CLERICAL EMPLOYMENT -- Overall Growth -- Occupational Shifts -- Job Loss and Displaced Workers -- CONCLUSION -- 4 Effects of Technological Change: The Quality of Employment -- EMPLOYMENT QUALITY -- Defining Employment Quality -- Workers' Satisfaction and Attitudes -- Job Content: Job Fragmentation and the Deskilling Debate -- Stages of Technology -- Levels of Analysis -- Conclusion -- Working Conditions -- Monitoring and Work Pacing -- Telecommuting and the Electronic Distribution of Work -- Ergonomics: The Fit Between People and Technology -- Economic Considerations -- Conclusion -- IMPLEMENTING TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND IMPROVING EMPLOYMENT QUALITY -- The Role of Managers -- The Dominance of Management -- Women's Influence -- The Role of Enlightened Management -- Constraints on Managers -- Economic Conditions -- Organizational Culture and Behavior -- Technological Constraints -- Constituent Conflicts and Value Contradictions -- The Role of Workers -- Worker Participation in Technology Design and Implementation -- The Effectiveness of Worker Participation -- Organized Worker Involvement -- Conclusion -- 5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- SUMMARY -- EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND RETRAINING -- EMPLOYMENT SECURITY AND FLEXIBILITY -- EXPANSION OF WOMEN'S JOB OPPORTUNITIES -- ADAPTIVE JOB TRANSITIONS -- IDENTIFICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF GOOD TECHNOLOGICAL DESIGN AND PRACTICE -- WORKER PARTICIPATION -- MONITORING HEALTH CONCERNS -- DATA AND RESEARCH NEEDS -- EPILOGUE -- References -- Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff -- Index.