BIOMECHANICS PRINCIPLES, TRENDS AND APPLICATIONS -- BIOMECHANICS PRINCIPLES, TRENDS AND APPLICATIONS -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 ARTS BIOMECHANICS - AN INFANT SCIENCE: ITS CHALLENGES AND FUTURE -- 1. OVERVIEW -- 2. PERFORMANCE SKILL ANALYSIS AND ACQUISITION -- 2.1. Historical Overview -- 2.2. Challenges Faced by Arts Biomechanics -- 2.3. Arts Pedagogy -- What Can We Learn from Biomechanics Applications? -- A Motor-Learning Model -- 2.4. The Tools of Arts Biomechanics Research -- Motion Capture -- Biomechanical Modeling -- Electromyography -- Force Measurements -- Synchronized Measurements -- 2.5. Samples of Pedagogic Applications -- Future Directions -- 3. INJURY RISK QUANTIFICATION AND PREVENTION RELATED TO ARTISTIC PERFORMANCE -- 3.1. Overuse Syndrome -- 3.2. Biomechanical Modeling as a Platform to Understand OS -- 3.3. The Theory of Biomechanical Modeling as It Applies to OS -- 3.3.1. The Physics of Mechanical Work -- 3.3.2. The Generalized Form Related to Work -- 3.3.3. Biomechanics and Biological Reactions in the Human Body -- 3.3.4. Characteristics of the PBR related to OS -- 3.4. Current OS Studies Related to Music Performance -- 3.5. Future Directions -- Stage 1. Determination of Realistic Loading Conditions -- Stage 2 - Micro Examination of Muscle Fibre Under Realistic Conditions from Stage 1 -- Stage 3. Determination of Accumulated Micro-Trauma -- 4. APPLICATIONS OF MOVEMENT SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CREATION OF ART -- 4.1. 3D Motion Capture Technology on Visual Art -- 4.2. 3D Motion Capture and the Visual Arts: Theoretical Considerations -- 4.3. Exemplary Experiments -- 4.4. Other Contemporary Examples -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 UNDERSTANDING CORNEAL BIOMECHANICS THROUGH EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND NUMERICAL SIMULATION -- ABSTRACT.

INTRODUCTION -- CORNEAL MICROSTRUCTURE -- CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHY -- CORNEAL THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION -- CORNEAL BIOMECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR -- EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF CORNEAL BEHAVIOUR -- EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES -- INFLATION TEST SETUP -- STRIP TEST SETUP -- CORNEAL BEHAVIOUR CHARACTERISTICS -- Corneal Hyperelasticity -- Relationship between Intraocular Pressure and Young's Modulus -- Corneal Hysteresis -- Corneal Anisotropy -- Epithelium's Contribution to Corneal Biomechanics -- Stromal Inter-Lamellar Adhesion -- Corneal Long-Term Behaviour -- Corneal Dependence on Strain-Rate -- Concluding Remarks on Corneal Material Behaviour -- NUMERICAL MODELLING OF OCULAR BIOMECHANICS -- SIMULATION OF CORNEAL NON-UNIFORM THICKNESS -- SIMULATION OF CORNEAL TOPOGRAPHY -- SIMULATION OF CORNEAL BOUNDARY CONDITIONS -- SIMULATION OF CORNEAL HYPERELASTIC BEHAVIOUR -- SIMULATION OF CORNEAL LAYERED CONSTRUCTION -- SIMULATION OF STROMAL INTER-LAMELLAR ADHESION -- SIMULATION OF CORNEAL ANISOTROPY -- SIMULATION OF CORNEAL HYSTERESIS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 BIOMECHANICS CONCEPTS OF BONE-ORAL IMPLANT INTERFACE -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. FORCES AND MOMENTS -- 3. BONE BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES -- 4. PRINCIPLES OF FORCES TRANSFER TO BONE-IMPLANT INTERFACE -- 5. BULK MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF IMPLANT BIOMATERIALS -- 8. IMPLANT SURFACE COATING -- 8.1. Calcium-Phosphate Coatings -- 8.2. Bioactive Glass Coatings -- 9. BIOMECHANICAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR COATED IMPLANT DESIGN -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 BIOMECHANICAL REMODELING OF THE DIABETIC GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SYMPTOMS FROM GI TRACT IN DM -- MECHANO-SENSORY DYSFUNCTION OF GI TRACT IN DM -- MORPHOLOGICAL AND BIOMECHANICAL REMODELING OF GI TRACT IN DIABETES MELLITUS -- Morphological and Biomechanical Remodeling of Different Parts in GI.

Mechanisms of Morphological and Biomechanical Remodeling of GI Tract in Diabetes -- Implication of GI Remodeling on Mechanosensory Assessments -- FUTURE PERSPECTIVES -- Combine Study of Active and Passive Biomechanical Properties of GI Tract -- Investigation of the Mechanism for the GI Remodeling in Diabetes -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 BIOMECHANICS OF THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT IN HEALTH AND DISEASE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NORMAL GI TISSUES -- Biomechanical Properties of Normal Esophagus -- Biomechanical Properties of Normal Stomach -- Biomechanical Properties of Normal Small Intestine -- Biomechanical Properties of Normal Colon and Rectum -- Biomechanical Properties of Normal Sphincter Regions in GI Tract -- Summary of the Biomechanical Properties of GI Tract -- BIOMECHANICAL REMODELLING OCCUR IN THE GI TRACT -- Esophageal Biomechanical Remodeling -- Stomach Biomechanical Remodeling -- Intestinal Biomechanical Remodelling -- Colon and Rectal Biomechanical Remodelling -- Biomechanical Remodeling of Sphincter Regions in GI Tract -- Impact of GI Biomechanical Remodeling -- BIOMECHANICAL MODELING OF THE GI TRACT -- Geometry Based Models -- Anatomy Based GI Modelling -- Theoretical Analysis Based GI Modelling -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6 ELECTROMYOGRAPHY IN THE 21ST CENTURY: FROM VOLUNTARY SIGNALS TO MOTOR EVOKED POTENTIALS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BIOPHYSICAL BASIS, MEASUREMENT ISSUES AND EMG SIGNAL PROCESSING -- Biophysical Basis of EMG -- Recording and Measurement of the EMG Signal -- EMG Signal Processing -- THE MANY FACES OF EMG: APPLICATIONS AND INTERPRETATION -- Kinesiological EMG -- Clinical Applications -- PERILS OF EMG AND CHAPTER SUMMARY -- ABOUT THE AUTHORS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 BIOMECHANICS IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY.

ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- PURPOSE OF THIS CHAPTER -- REACTIVE BALANCE CONTROL IN CHILDREN WITH SDCP -- Torque Onset Latency -- Maximum Torque -- Rate of Peak Torque Production -- CLINICAL APPLICATIONS -- AFOs and Strength Training -- Gaps in Clinical Research -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8 BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CORNEA -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CENTRAL CORNEAL THICKNESS (CCT) -- MEASUREMENT OF CCT -- CCT AND INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE -- CORNEAL BIOMECHANICS -- MEASUREMENT OF BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE CORNEA -- NORMAL CORNEAL HYSTERESIS (CH) AND CORNEAL RESISTANCE FACTOR (CRF) -- ORA READINGS IN DISEASED EYES -- REFRACTIVE SURGERY AND CORNEAL BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES -- THE FUTURE -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 9 SOME ASPECTS OF THE BIOMECHANICS OF SKILLED MUSICAL PERFORMANCE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CONTROL OF THE LEFT ARM DURING SHIFTING MOVEMENTS -- FINE CONTROL OF THE LEFT ARM: INTONATION AND ERROR CORRECTION -- COORDINATION BETWEEN UPPER ARM AND FOREARM -- COORDINATION BETWEEN RIGHT AND LEFT ARMS -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 10 CONTACT HIP STRESS MEASUREMENTS IN ORTHOPAEDIC CLINICAL PRACTICE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- NONINVASIVE DETERMINATION OF THE RESULTANT HIP FORCE -- NONINVASIVE DETERMINATION OF THE HIP WEIGHT-BEARING SURFACE -- ESTIMATION OF THE CONTACT HIP STRESS IN THE CLINICAL SETTING -- CONTACT HIP STRESS IN THE ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENTAL HIP DYSPLASIA AND HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS -- CONTACT HIP STRESS IN PREOPERATIVE PLANNING OF ORTHOPAEDIC PROCEDURES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 11 EXTERNAL PELVIC FIXATION DURING LUMBAR MUSCLE RESISTANCE EXERCISE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- EFFECT OF PELVIC FIXATION ON TRAINING-INDUCED INCREASES IN STRENGTH -- EFFECT OF PELVIC RESTRICTION ON TRAINING-INDUCED INCREASES IN MUSCLE MASS.

MUSCLE ACTIVATION PATTERNS DURING TRUNK EXTENSION EXERCISE -- SUMMARY -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 12 BONE CELL ADHESION: AN IMPORTANT ASPECT OF CELL BIOMECHANICS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SURFACE MODIFICATIONS FOR ORTHOPAEDIC IMPLANTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- ADHESION ASSAYS -- APPROACH TO MEASURE BONE CELL ADHESION FOR ORTHOPAEDIC IMPLANT SURFACES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 13 THE DIFFERENCES IN BIOMECHANICAL PATTERNS OF FAST MOTOR LEARNING OF CHILDREN AND ADULTS -- Chapter 14 APPLYING PRESSURE SENSORS AND SIZE DIFFERENCES IN RUNNING SHOES FIT MEASUREMENT -- INTRODUCTION -- Background -- Operational Definition -- REVIEW OF LITERATURE -- Problem of Poor Fitting -- Definition of Fit -- Recommendation of Shoe Fit -- Sizing -- Pressure Distribution -- Subjective Fit -- Footwear Comfort -- METHOLOLOGY -- Design -- Subject -- Instrumentation -- Procedure -- Data Reduction -- Data Analysis -- RESULT -- Subject Detail -- Questionnaire -- Fit Rating -- Size Difference -- Pressure Distribution -- Regression -- DISCUSSION -- Subjective Fit Rating -- Reliability of the Fit Questionnaire -- Fit Rating -- Size -- Foot Shape -- Dimensional Difference -- Correlation with Subjective Fit -- Pressure -- Dimensional Difference and Pressure -- Subjective Fit and Objective Measures -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter15IMPROVEMENTOFTHEINPUTDATAINBIOMECHANICS:KINEMATICANDBODYSEGMENTINERTIALPARAMETERS -- Abstract -- 1Introduction -- 2Kinematics -- 2.1Method -- 2.1.1Functionalmethodforlocatingjointcentre -- 2.1.2Rotationmatrixoptimization -- 2.2Effectsoftherotationmatrixonthekinematics -- 2.3Resultsonjointcentrelocation -- 2.4Conclusion -- 3Bodysegmentparameters -- 3.1AnoriginalNewton-Eulerformalismforidentification -- 3.2Conjugategradientalgorithmforidentifyingasymmetricandpositivedefinitematrix -- 3.3Applicationontheupper-limb -- 4Conclusion.

5Perspectives.