Beyond Contributory Pensions : Fourteen Experiences with Coverage Expansion in Latin America.
Title:
Beyond Contributory Pensions : Fourteen Experiences with Coverage Expansion in Latin America.
Author:
Rofman, Rafael.
ISBN:
9781464803918
Personal Author:
Physical Description:
1 online resource (476 pages)
Series:
Directions in Development
Contents:
Front Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview -- Expanding Income Protection for the Elderly in Latin America -- Rationale -- Analytical Framework -- The Demographic Context in Latin America -- History of Social Protection Systems in the Region -- The Coverage Problem -- Procoverage Reforms: Why Now? -- Toward a Taxonomy of the Noncontributory Reforms in Latin America -- Different Needs and Financial Sacrifices -- Conclusion: Policy Options, Challenges, Preconditions, and Prospects for Income Protection Systems for Older Adults -- Annex 1A Coverage Expansion Programs -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2 Argentina -- Background -- Expansion of Coverage beyond Labor Formality -- Health Coverage for the Elderly -- Final Comments -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3 Bolivia -- Background -- Coverage Extension Reforms -- Other Services for the Elderly -- Conclusions and Future Challenges -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4 Brazil -- History -- Recent Measures Focused on Coverage -- Service Provision for the Elderly -- Final Considerations and Future Challenges -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 5 Chile -- History -- Reforms Aimed at Improving the Coverage of Transfer Programs in Recent Years -- Other Services for the Elderly Linked to These Programs -- Conclusions and Future Challenges -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 6 Colombia -- History -- Reforms to Expand Coverage -- The Reform Process Begun in 2012 -- Health Coverage and Other Services for the Elderly -- Final Reflections -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 7 Costa Rica -- Profile of the Elderly Population -- Historical Trajectory and Current Architecture of Pensions -- Noncontributory Access to Social Protection for the Elderly -- Other Public Programs Aimed at the Elderly Population -- Challenges -- Notes.
Bibliography -- Chapter 8 Ecuador -- History -- Coverage Expansion Reforms -- Other Services for the Elderly Linked to These Programs, Relevance, and Performance -- Conclusions and Future Challenges -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 9 El Salvador -- History -- The Noncontributory Scheme -- Other Programs Aimed at Social Protection for the Elderly -- Conclusions and Future Challenges -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 10 Mexico -- History -- Reforms to Expand Coverage -- Other Services for the Elderly -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 11 Panama -- History -- Coverage Expansion: The "100 a los 70" Program -- Services for the Elderly -- Conclusions and Lessons -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 12 Paraguay -- History -- Reforms to Expand Coverage -- Summary and Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 13 Peru -- History -- Recent Reforms Aimed at Improving Pension Coverage -- Other Services for the Elderly -- Conclusions -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 14 Trinidad and Tobago -- Background -- Profile of a Longstanding Noncontributory Pensions Program: The Senior Citizens Pension -- Social Services to Elderly Population -- Lessons from the Experience in Trinidad and Tobago -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Chapter 15 Uruguay -- History -- New Programs and Reforms: Recent Initiatives -- Providing Services to the Elderly -- Conclusions and Future Challenges -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Boxes -- Figures -- Maps -- Tables -- Back Cover.
Abstract:
Latin America's population is aging, and many among the growing elderly population are not protected by traditional pension schemes. In response, policy makers have been reevaluating their income protection systems so that between 2000 and 2013, the majority of Latin American countries reformed their social pension schemes to provide near-universal coverage for the elderly. Before this unprecedented wave of reform, most income protection in Latin America was provided through contributory pensions available only to formal sector workers. Considering that informal and unpaid employment characterize labor force participation throughout the region, many elderly were left vulnerable to poverty. The new noncontributory pension programs have alleviated this risk. But countries are still evaluating how to best balance the need for inclusivity with the need for fiscal sustainability. 'Beyond Contributory Pensions: Fourteen Experiences with Coverage Expansion in Latin America' examines recent reforms in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and Uruguay. All countries share the goal of comprehensive pension coverage, but each has unique political environments, social conditions, and economic capacities. Design and implementation of coverage expansion, consequently, has diverged. Comparing results across the region reveals which policies have yielded the most equitable and sustainable outcomes. Each chapter includes a comprehensive analysis of a country's reform experience: a description of significant political and economic developments, the challenges of implementing income protection policies, and prospects for the reforms' durability over time. 'Beyond Contributory Pensions' represents a significant addition to the literature on income protection for the
elderly.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
Genre:
Electronic Access:
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