New Topics in Aging -- Contents -- Preface -- Genetic Basis of Aging -- General Considerations -- Theory of Aging -- Age Management Treatments with Target Silenced Genes -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Molecular Mechanisms of Gene Silencing -- Amino Acid Derivatives and Carboxylic Acids which Restore Normal Gene Expression -- Gene Silencing in Aging -- Changes in Gene Expression in Skin Aging -- Age Management Measures which Target Silenced Genes -- Concluding Remarks and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Stem Cells in Aging: Contribution of the Immune System -- Abstract -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Early Models of T Lymphocyte Development -- Current Studies of the Effects of Aging on Lymphocyte Development from Hemopoietic Stem Cell Progenitors -- Biochemical Basis for Age-Related Developmental Changes in T Cells -- The Role of Apoptosis in Aging -- Contribution of the Thymic Microenvironment (Temporary Niche) to Aging -- Approaches to Restore Thymic Function in Humans as Related to Aging, Autoimmunity and AIDS -- Thymic Function During Human Development -- Analysis of the Thymic Output -- Influence of Nutrition on the Decline of Immunity with Aging in Mice -- Signaling by Immune Receptors in Aging and Autoimmunity -- Role of Niches, Cytokines, T, B and NK Cells -- Future Perspectives for Stem Cell Research Related to Immunology of Aging -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Stem Cells in Aging: Influence on Ontogenic, Genetic and Environmental Factors -- Abstract -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Embryonic Stem Cells During Aging: Regulation of Senescence -- Genetics of Aging Models -- Role of the Microenvironment and Niches for Stem Cells During Aging -- Changes Produced in Neural and Hematopoietic Niches by HIV Infection: Niche Pathology or Defective Ecotaxis.

Mapping of Genes of Lifespan, Using RI, Stem Cells and Studies of Niches -- Influence of Nutrition on the Decline of Immunity with Aging in Mice -- MHC Genes in Aging -- Discussion -- Concluding Remarks: Perspectives for Future Research in Aging -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress in Human Aging: Age-Related Changes and Putative Mechanisms -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Life-Span Potential and Capacity for Mitochondrial Oxidant Generation -- Age-Associated Trends in Generation of Free Radicals Derived from Oxygen or Nitric Oxide Metabolic Pathways, Body Antioxidant Defenses and Repair of Oxidative Damage -- Anti-Aging Interventions -- The Effects of Dietary Restriction -- The Effects of Exercise -- Conclusion -- References -- Health Insurance Coverage for Retirees -- Summary -- Introduction -- Demographics of the Retiree Population -- Health Insurance Coverage -- Reasons for Eroding Coverage and Issues -- Policy Options -- Legislative Proposals -- References -- Defined Benefit Pension Reform or Single-Employer Plans -- Summary -- Background -- Current Law [3] -- Administration Proposal [18] -- Yield Curve Proposal -- Proposed Legislation -- Analysis of Form 5500 Data -- Reactions to Administration Proposal -- Appendix 1. Measures of Pension Liability -- Appendix 2. Illustrative Impact of Alternate Credit Balance Proposals on Minimum Required Contribution and Funded Ratio -- References -- Pension Issues Cloud Postal Reform Debate -- Summary -- Pension Issues Cloud Postal Reform Debate -- References -- H.R. 2830: The Pension Protection Act of 2005 -- Summary -- Funding Requirements for Single-Employers Pension Plans -- Valuation of Assets and Liabilities -- Contribution Limits and Credit Balances -- Lump-Sum Distributions -- PBGC Premiums for Single-Employer Plans -- Limits on Benefits in Underfunded Plans.

Prohibition on "Shut-Down" Benefits -- Disclosure Requirements -- Rules for Multiemployer Plans -- Investment Advice -- Cash Balance Plans and other Hybrid Pensions -- References -- Topics in Aging: Income of Americans Age 65 and Older, 1969 to 2004 -- Abstract -- Background: America's Aging Population -- Demographic Profile of the CPS Population Age 65 and Older -- Employment among People Age 65 and Older -- Sources and Amounts of Income among People 65 and Older -- Household Income of People 65 and Older -- Poverty Status of the Elderly -- Changes in Income as People Age -- Conclusion -- References -- Technology and Innovation in an Emerging Senior/Boomer Marketplace -- Executive Summary -- Introduction -- Technology Needs of an Aging Population -- Responding to Technology Needs -- Technology Outlook -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.