UNDERSTANDING EATING DISORDERS: INTEGRATING CULTURE, PSYCHOLOGY AND BIOLOGY -- UNDERSTANDING EATING DISORDERS: INTEGRATING CULTURE, PSYCHOLOGY AND BIOLOGY -- Contents -- Introduction -- Eating Disorders: Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Etiology and Prevention -- Diagnosis -- Epidemiology -- Etiology -- 1. Socio-cultural aspects -- 2. Genetic and biological considerations -- 3. Psychological considerations -- 4. Family-related considerations -- Prevention -- Conclusions -- References -- Section One: Overview -- Why DSM V needs to Consider a Staging Model for Anorexia Nervosa -- Introduction -- Categorical versus Dimensional Models of Illness -- The History of Disease Staging -- Staging of Psychiatric Illnesses -- Staging in Anorexia Nervosa -- Conclusions -- References -- Night Eating Syndrome -- Introduction -- A Historical Review -- Night Eating Drinking Syndrome -- Sleep Related Eating Disorder -- Night Eating Syndrome and Obesity -- Night Eating among Persons with Eating Disorder -- Night eating among Individuials with NES -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Clinical and Diagnostic Characteristics of Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents -- Introduction -- Incidence and Prevalence of Eating Disorders -- Clinical Presentation of Anorexia Nervosa in Children and Adolescents -- Clinical Presentation of Bulimia Nervosa -- Clinical Presentation of Atypical Eating Disorders -- Diagnostic Issues I: Developmental Considerations -- Developmental issues related to physical development -- Developmental issues related to cognitive and linguistic development -- Developmental considerations related to systemic factors -- Diagnostic issues II: Making a Diagnosis in Children and Adolescents -- Diagnostic issues III: The Appropriateness of the Current Diagnostic Nomenclature -- Food avoidance emotional disorder (FAED) -- Selective eating.

Pervasive refusal syndrome -- Conclusions -- References -- Section Two: History -- A Historical Background to Current Formulations of Eating Disorders -- Introduction -- Anorexia Nervosa (AN) -- Historical background -- The classical period and Gnostic asceticism -- The early middle Ages 5th - 10th centuries) -- The late middle ages, the renaissance, and "holy anorexia" (the 12th - 16th centuries) -- From the Renaissance to the Victorian period (the 17th-18th centuries) -- The Victorian period (the 19th century) -- The 20th century -- Current formulations -- Bingeing/purging eating disorders -- Historical background -- Discussion -- Anorexia nervosa -- Bulimia nervosa -- Conclusion -- References -- Eating Disorders: Global Marker of Change -- Introduction -- Interface between individual and environment -- Self-starvation: The psychological predicament -- Self-starvation: Specific neurosis reactive to the cult of thinness -- Self-starvation and eating disorders: The continuum hypothesis -- Eating disorders: gender specific? -- Eating disorders: culture specific -- Eating disorders: a worldwide concern -- Evolution of Eating Psychopathology -- Body regulation and identity -- A Gastronomically and Technologically Flattened World -- Shaping appetites: Gastronomic diversity and standard Macdonalism -- Food abundance and food shortage: Economic forces -- Cable and online cultures -- Conceptualizing eating issues as culture change -- References -- Eating-related Psychopathology in Israel: Nationwide Perspectives and Focusing on Specific Populations -- Introduction -- Full blown and subsyndromal eating disorders -- Eating-related attitudes -- Eating attitudes among Israeli elementary school children -- Eating disorder among Israeli adolescents -- Socio-cultural aspects -- Immigration to israel and eating disorders -- Eating disorder and Judaism.

Judaism and disordered eating in the United States -- Judaism and disordered eating in in Israel -- Kibbutzim -- Israeli Arab population -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- A Historical, Cultural and Empirical look at Eating Disorders and Religiosity among Jewish Women -- Introduction -- Research, religion, mental health and ED -- Judaism, food and eating disorder -- Denominational distinctions in Judaism -- Food and Judaism -- Jewish women and eating disorders -- Understanding eating disorders among Jewish women -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section Three: Etiology -- Eating Disorders in the Mediterranean World -- Introduction -- Spain -- Italy -- Greece -- Egypt, Morocco, Tunesia and other Arab countries -- Israel -- Turkey -- Cultural disconnection and the development of eating disorders -- The social transformation -- Conclusions -- References -- Genetic Aspects of Anorexia Nervosa -- Introduction -- Family history studies -- Molecular genetics -- Methodologies -- Research findings in anorexia nervosa -- Critical appraisal of the genetic literature -- Genetic research and AN classification: Clarifying phenotypes, endophenotypes and subphenotypes -- Future directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Neurobiology of Eating Disorders -- Introduction -- Clinical presentation -- Regulation of normal feeding behavior -- Neurobiological research -- Hormones and neuropetides -- Neurotransmitters -- Neuroimaging -- Structural and resting-state metabolic neuroimaging in AN and BN -- Functional task-activation brain imaging studies: AN -- Neuro-receptor imaging studies in AN -- Functional task-activation brain imaging studies: BN -- Receptor imaging studies in BN -- Conclusions -- References -- Hemispheric Asymmetry in Eating Disorders -- Introduction -- Structural studies.

Functional studies -- Behavioral studies -- General or specific deficits -- Social cognition and eating disorders -- Comorbidity and hemispheric functions -- Summary and an Attempt at Integration -- References -- Self Psychology in the Treatment of Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa -- Introduction -- Self-psychology and eating disorders -- Empirical support for self-psychology -- Eating disorders and borderline personality disorder -- Challenges for the therapist to feel empathy -- Vignette 1 -- Experience-near stance versus experience- distant stance -- Vignette 2 -- Vignette 3 -- Self-object relationships -- Vignette 4 -- Vignette 5 -- Vignette 6 -- Discussion -- Conclusions -- References -- Implicit Measures: Implicit Personality Characteristics and Implicit Processes in Eating Disorders -- Introduction -- Ego deficits in eating disorders -- Interpersonal aspects -- Object relations, social cognition and mentalization -- Changes in personality attributes -- Conclusions -- References -- Cognitive Orientation and Eating Disorders -- Introduction -- Cognitive orientation theory -- Research on prediction of behavior -- The cognitive orientation of eating disorders -- The cognitive orientation of obesity -- The cognitive orientation of anorexia nervosa (AN) -- The cognitive orientation of bulimia nervosa (BN) -- The common core of CO themes in EDs -- Conceptualization of eating disorders -- Notes about therapeutic interventions in EDs -- References -- Perspectives on the Role of Families in the Development, Maintenance and Treatment of Eating Disorders: From Blame to Empowerment -- Introduction -- Blame -- Burden of care and expressed emotion -- Effect not cause: understanding families -- An eating disorder specific family illness model -- A model of the family as source for ED symptoms -- Empowering families for change -- Conclusions.

References -- Section Four: Prevention -- The Case for Universal-selective Eating Disorders Prevention Programs -- Introduction -- The case for universal and selective prevention -- Definitions -- Why focus on children under age 11 years? -- Universal-selective prevention: A brief summary -- Improving universal-selective programs for children and young adolescents: evidence-based recommendations -- Knowledge, literacy and action -- Value of feminism -- Ecological approaches -- Improving universal-selective programs for children and young adolescents: facing four critically important issues -- Gender -- Developmental transitions -- Obesity -- Protective factors -- Conclusions -- References -- Parenting Teens with a Healthy Body and a Healthy Body Image -- Introduction -- The four cornerstones -- Weight-related comments: Do they really matter? -- Family meals: Why is it important to make them happen? -- Conclusions -- References -- Parenting and Children's Eating Patterns: Examining Control in a Broader Context -- Introduction -- Parental control in feeding -- Parenting styles -- Parenting style in the feeding domain -- Parents' role in structuring the feeding environment -- Feeding within a more comprehensive framework of parenting -- Conclusions -- References -- Cultural Sensitivity and Eating Disorders Primary Prevention: The Adaptation of an Effective Primary Prevention Program for Jewish Girls -- Introduction -- Eating disorders and disordered eating among Jewish youngsters -- Objectives of "Bishvili" program -- Description of "Bishvili" program -- "Bishvili" - Research and evaluation summary -- Purpose of the evaluation -- Description of the evaluation -- Final stages of "Bishvili" project -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Section Five: Acknowledgments -- About the Editors.

About the Institute for the Treatment and Study of Eating Disorders, Division of Psychiatry, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.