PERSPECTIVES ON ARABIC LINGUISTICS III PAPERS FROM THE THIRD ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM ON ARABIC LINGUISTICS -- Editorial page -- Title page -- Copyrigh page -- Table of contents -- FOREWORD -- INTRODUCTION -- REFERENCES -- I. ARABIC IN RELATION TO OTHER LANGUAGES -- ON THE IMPORTANCE OF ARABIC FOR GENERAL LINGUISTIC THEORY -- 0. Introduction -- 1. Tense-Aspect -- 2. Word Classes -- 3. Grammatical Relations -- 5. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- VERBLESS SENTENCES IN ARABIC AND HEBREW -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Initial Evidence -- 3. Obligatory vs. Optional Pronoun Usage -- 3.2 Pronoun as Identity Predicate -- 3.3 Negative Pronouns -- 4. Arabic and Hebrew -- 5. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- SEMITIC GUTTURALS AND DISTINCTIVE FEATURE THEORY -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Phonological Classification of Gutturals -- 2.1 Root Consonant Co-occurrence Restrictions on Gutturals -- 2.2 Vowel Lowering in Guttural Context -- 2.3 Epenthesis in Guttural Context -- 2.4 Cross-guttural Vowel Assimilation -- 2.5 Guttural Degemination -- 2.6 Historical Mergers of Gutturals -- 3. The Articulatory and Acoustic Properties of Gutturals -- 4. Gutturals Within Distinctive Feature Theory -- 5. The Alternative: Place theory -- 6. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- ARABIC LOANWORDS IN ACEHNESE -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Models of Loanwords Adaptation -- 2.1 Hyman's theory of borrowing -- 2.2 Ohso' s model of borrowing -- 2.3 Lovins' theory of borrowing -- 2.3 Arabic Borrowings -- 3. Acehnese Phonological Adaptations of Arabic Loanwords -- 3.1 Description of informant and data collection -- 3.2 Analysis of loanword phonology in the Keude Bieng dialect ofAcehnese -- 3.2.1 Phonological substitution -- 3.2.1.1 Systematic phonological substitutions -- 3.2.1.2 Erratic phonological substitutions -- 3.2.2 Phonological imports -- 3.3 Diphthongs -- 4. Nasalization -- 5. Conclusion -- APPENDIX -- REFERENCES.

A CONTRASTIVE STUDY OF MIDDLE AND UNACCUSATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS IN ARABIC AND ENGLISH -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Unaccusative Hypothesis -- 3. The Middle/Unaccusative Contrast -- 4. The 'Noneventive' Nature of Middles -- 5. Comparison -- 8. Conclusion -- Appendix 1 -- Appendix 2 -- REFERENCES -- II. GRAMMATICAL PERSPECTIVES -- EPENTHESIS IN MAKKAN ARABIC: UNSYLLABIFIED CONSONANTS VS. DEGENERATE SYLLABLES -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Types of Epenthesis -- 3. The Role of Unsyllabified Consonants -- 4. A Degenerate Syllable Analysis of Epenthesis in MA -- 5. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- COMPUTER ANALYSIS OF ARABIC MORPHOLOGY: A TWO-LEVEL APPROACH WITH DETOURS -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Two-Level Morphology -- 2.1 Control Mechanisms -- 2.2 Phonological/Orthographical Rules -- 3. Two-Level Morphology and Arabic at ALPNET -- 3.1 Enhancements for Arabic -- 3.2 Feature Unification -- 3.3 Form VIII Phenomena -- 3.4 Weak Roots -- 4. Other Approaches to Arabic Morphology -- 5. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- CAUSATIVES IN MOROCCAN ARABIC -- 1. Introduction. -- 2. Morphology of the Causative Verb in MA -- 3. Lexical Analysis -- 3.1 Structure of the lexicon -- 3.2 Causativization as a lexical rule. -- 3.3 Causativization of transitive verbs -- 3.4 Problems with the lexical analysis -- 3.4.1 Causatives and the Binding Principles -- 3.4.2 Causativization and Ergatives -- 4. Syntactic Analysis -- 4.1 Causative affix as verb -- 4.2 Causativization as a Process of Incorporation -- 4.2.1 Incorporation -- 4.2.2 Verb Incorporation -- 5. Causativization of Adjectives -- 6. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- III. SOCIO- AND PSYCHO- LINGUISTIC PERSPECTIVES -- WOMEN, MEN, AND LINGUISTIC VARIATION IN THE ARAB WORLD -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Sociolinguistic Studies in the West and in the Arab World -- 3. Variation in Tunisian Arabic.

3.1 Sociolinguistic Variation in the Arabic Spoken in Korba, Tunisia -- 3.1.1 The Variable (ε:) -- 3.1.2 The Variable (s) -- 3.2 Variation in Korba in Light of Other Sociolinguistic Studies -- 4. Males and Females Speaking to One Another in Korba -- 5. Some Methodological Issues in the Study of Language and Gender across Cultures -- REFERENCES -- CODE-SWITCHING AND LINGUISTIC ACCOMMODATION IN ARABIC -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Study -- 2.1 Data -- 2.2 Discussion of Accommodation Strategies -- 2.2.1 Switching from Jordanian Arabic to Egyptian Arabic -- 2.2.2 Switching to English -- 2.2.3 Switching to Modern Standard Arabic -- 2.3 Speech Divergence -- 2.4 Results -- 3. Conclusion -- REFERENCES -- AGRAMMATISM IN ARABIC -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Case History -- 3. Data Collection -- 4. Data and Analysis -- 5. Agrammatism & Bilingualism -- 6. Conclusion -- APPENDIX 1 -- APPENDIX 2 -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.