Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction -- Enforcement in International Law -- Self-help and Self-constraint - A Problematic Relationship? -- Self-help and Self-constraint - Two Phenomena … One Discourse -- Method and Structure -- Notes -- PART 1 THE INSTITUTION OF SELF-HELP -- Introduction -- Notes -- 2 The Objectives of Self-help -- Introduction -- Symbolism -- Protection -- Remedies -- Manipulation -- Punishment -- Notes -- 3 Self-help Terminology -- Introduction -- Sanctions -- Countermeasures -- Reprisals -- Reciprocal Measures -- Suspension and Termination of Treaties -- Retorsion -- Notes -- 4 The Normative Modalities -- Introduction -- A Prior Infringement of Rights or Interests -- Pre-emptive Measures of Self-help -- A Prior Demand for Redress -- Resort to Alternative Means -- The Obligation to Settle Disputes by Consensual Means Prior to Resorting to Self-help -- Proportionality -- Conclusion -- Notes -- PART 2 CONSENSUAL DISPUTE SETTLEMENT: A REFLECTION OF SELF-CONSTRAINT -- Introduction -- 5 Self-constraint as Reflected in the Principle of Settling Disputes by "Peaceful Means" and Alternative Dispute Resolution -- Article 2 (3) of the UN Charter as an Expression of Self-constraint -- The Meaning of "Peaceful Means" -- Self-help in the Context of Alternative Dispute Resolution -- Notes -- 6 Institutionalized Dispute Settlement -- Introduction -- The Pre-initiation Phase -- The Litigation Phase -- Notes -- 7 Implementing "Consented" Outcomes -- Introduction -- Compliance and Non-compliance -- Enforcement of Judicial Decisions -- Conclusions -- Notes -- PART 3 SELF-CONTAINED REGIMES -- Introduction -- Notes -- 8 The Concept of Self-contained Regimes -- Introduction -- Regime Theory -- Regime Theory and International Law -- Objective Regimes -- Self-contained Regimes -- Notes -- 9 The European Community -- Introduction.

The Prohibition of Self-help -- Dispute Settlement or Administration of Justice? -- (Non-)compliance and Enforcement -- Notes -- 10 The World Trade Organization -- Introduction -- Constructing, Deconstructing and Reconstructing the GATT Dispute Settlement Mechanism -- "Rule Orientation" v. "Power Orientation" -- The Dispute Settlement Process: Proliferation or Unification? -- Mandated Self-help: Constrainment or Containment? -- Notes -- 11 Final Conclusions -- Note -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.