This volume unites for the first time research on the problem of gender and magic in three ancient Mediterranean societies: early Judaism, Christianity, and Greco-Roman culture. The book's unique strength derives from bringing together diverse critical methodologies of scholars working in related ancient fields and is divided into three sections that reflect distinct perspectives: 1. Fiction and fantasy: gendering magic in ancient literature, 2. Gender and magic discourse in practice, and 3. Gender, magic, and the material record.