The Future of the Chemical Industry by 2050 -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Methodology -- 1 Global Megatrends by 2050 -- 1.1 Social Megatrends -- 1.1.1 Population Growth -- 1.1.2 Demographics -- 1.1.2.1 Area and Age Distribution -- 1.1.2.2 Change in Age Distribution -- 1.1.3 Urbanization -- 1.1.3.1 Megacities -- 1.2 Economic Megatrends -- 1.2.1 Foreign Direct Investment(FDI) -- 1.3 Political Megatrend -- 1.3.1 Trend - A New International Order -- 1.3.1.1 Sub Trend - the Emergence of the BRIC Economies -- 1.3.1.2 Sub Trend - Corporate Mega Economies - (CME) -- 1.3.1.3 Sub trend - Social Networks -- 1.3.2 Trend - An increasing role of Governments -- 1.4 Energy Megatrends -- 1.4.1 Recent Energy Transitions -- 1.4.2 Key Lessons from Recent Energy Mix Transitions -- 1.4.3 Energy Life Cycle -- 1.4.4 Energy Success Criteria -- 1.4.5 Shocks Are a Valuable Source of Information -- 1.4.6 Transitions Occur in "Life" -- 1.4.7 The Golden Rule - Economics Dictate Energy Transitions -- 1.4.8 Transitions Always Occur, the Question Is When: The Oil Peak -- 1.4.9 The Oil Peak - M.King Hubbert -- 1.4.10 OPEC - Energy projections to 2030 -- 1.4.11 Recent Developments -- 1.4.11.1 Nuclear Energy - The Aftermath of Fukushima -- 1.4.11.2 Shale Gas the "Game Changer" - Natural Gas the Energy of the Future -- 1.5 Climate Change -- 1.5.1 Business Case - EU Tire Labeling - CO2 Emissions Reduction in the Tire and Automotive Industry -- 1.6 Wild Cards -- 1.6.1 Political -- 1.6.2 Social -- 1.6.3 Technological -- 1.6.4 Transportation -- 1.7 Accelerators - Information Technology and "Singularity" -- Appendix: Climate Change -- 2 The World by 2050 -- 2.1 "A Much Larger, Wealthier, Healthier, and Sustainable World" -- 2.1.1 Methodology -- 2.2 Status of the World - 2010 -- 2.3 The World in 2050 -- 2.3.1 BAU Scenario -- 2.3.2 Sustainable Scenario.

Appendix: Roadmaps to a World of 4000 g of CO2 per Capita per Day -- 3 The Chemical Industry in 2010 -- 3.1 Chemical Industry: Economic Relevance -- 3.2 Chemical Industry: Technological Relevance -- 3.3 Industry Relevance: Profitability -- 3.4 Feedstocks and Energy -- 3.5 Major Sectors and Products of the Chemical Industry -- 3.6 Industry Structure and Companies -- 3.7 Safety -- 3.8 Background -- 3.8.1 Recent History of the Chemical Industry Excluding Pharmaceuticals -- 3.8.1.1 1750-1850 Industrial Revolution and Inorganic Chemistry -- 3.8.1.2 1850 Synthetic Dyes from Coal for Textiles, and Chlorine Bleach -- 3.8.1.3 1870 Celluloid -- 3.8.1.4 1880 Rayon from Wood Fibers -- 3.8.1.5 1900 Electrolysis of Brine (Chlorine) -- 3.8.1.6 1913 Synthetic Fertilizers -- 3.8.1.7 1910-1920 Steam Cracker (Ethylene, Propylene and Butadiene) -- 3.8.1.8 1920-1930 - Styrene Cracking (Ethyl-benzene and Styrene) Cracking -- 3.8.1.9 Polyamide Nylon (DuPont) -- 3.8.1.10 1930s - Synthetic Rubber -- 3.8.1.11 1950s - Plastics Demand Explodes -- 3.8.1.12 1960s Internationalization -- 3.8.1.13 2010-2050 - The Chemical Industry Leads the Revolution against Climate Change -- 3.9 Conclusion -- 3.10 Summary - Industry Major Features and Upcoming Megatrends -- 3.11 Major Features of the Chemical Industry -- 3.11.1 Summary: Global Major Megatrends -- Bibliography -- 4 Impact Assessment of the Global Megatrends on the Chemical Industry -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Megatrends with the Highest Impact into the Chemical Industry (Global & Area Level) -- 4.3 Megatrends with the Highest Impact in the Industry (Area Level) - (Figure 4.4) -- 4.4 Megatrends with the Highest Impact into the Different Features of the Industry -- 4.5 Major Results for the Chemical Industry Globally -- 4.6 Major Results for the Chemical Industry in the ADV Economies.

4.7 Major Results for the Chemical Industry in the BRIC Economies -- 4.8 Major Results for the Chemical Industry in the REST Economies -- 5 The Chemical Industry by 2050 -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Feature 1: The Relevance of the Chemical Industry -- 5.2.1 Economic Relevance -- 5.2.1.1 Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals by 2050 - per Capita Demand in US -- 5.2.2 Technological Relevance -- 5.2.2.1 The Chemical Industry - Long Term Cycles -- 5.2.3 Profitability -- 5.3 Feature 2: Inputs - Feedstocks -- 5.3.1 BAU Scenario for Feedstocks by 2050 -- 5.3.2 Feedstock Simulation II by 2050: "Shale Gas I - Ethane + 20% Globally" -- 5.3.3 Simulation II by 2050: "Shale Gas II - Ethane at Maximum Capacity Globally" - (Unreal) -- 5.3.4 Conclusion and Feedstock Alternatives -- 5.4 Feature 3: Outputs - Products -- 5.4.1 Global Ethylene Market by 2050 - BAU Scenario -- 5.5 Feature 4: Climate Change - Greenhouse Emissions - CO2 Emissions -- 5.5.1 Historical and Future Scenarios on World CO2 Emissions -- 5.5.2 Summary - Global Emission Trading Systems in Operation -- 5.5.2.1 Chemical Industry - Greenhouse Emissions Abatement in 2005 -- 5.6 Feature 5: Industry Structure -- 5.6.1 Markets - Largest World Markets -- 5.6.1.1 Chemicals -- 5.6.1.2 Pharmaceuticals -- 5.6.2 Per Capita Demand -- 5.6.2.1 Chemicals -- 5.6.2.2 Pharmaceuticals -- 5.6.3 Companies - Changes in Global Sales Rankings and Company Structures -- 5.7 Feature 6: Social Awareness -- Appendix - Climate Change -- 6 Conclusion -- Appendix -- Index.