CONTENTS -- Preface Willam S. TAY and Alvin Y. SO -- 1. Development Model Alvin Y. SO -- Abstract -- Characteristics -- Contestations and Interpretations -- Beyond the Ideological Debate: The Ambiguity of China's Development -- Why the China Model Works? -- Can the China Model Be Copied? -- References -- 2. Politics Kam-Yee LAW -- Abstract -- I. Introduction -- II. Background of the Reforms and Framework of Analysis -- III. Leadership Succession and Bureaucratic Reforms -- IV. Reforms in the State Council and Power Decentralization in the Governmental Hierarchy -- V. Reconfiguring the Legislative Role of the NPC and the "Rule-by-Law" Society -- VI. NPC's Electoral Reforms and the Role of Democratic Parties -- VII. Rural Politics -- VIII. Relationship between the Civil Society and the State -- IX. Democratization as an Ideological-Institutional Strategy -- X. Closing Remarks -- References -- 3. Social Change Xiaogang WU -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Institutional Structures under Chinese Socialism -- 1. The Household Registration System (hukou) -- 2. The Work Unit System (Danwei) -- 3. Cadre-Worker Status Distinction -- Rural Reform, Hukou and Labor Migration -- 1. Growth in Rural Non-agricultural Sector -- 2. Migration and Urbanization -- 3. Recent Reforms on Hukou Regulations -- Urban Work Units in Transitions -- 1. The Work Unit and Changing Labor Relationship -- 2. The Growth of Self-Employment and Private Sectors -- 3. From Work Unit to Community Governance -- Inequality, Education and Social Mobility -- 1. Changing Inequality and Stratification -- 2. Educational Expansion and Persisting Inequality -- 3. Social Mobility -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 4. Law Bin LIANG -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Pre-Reform Era (1949-1978) -- 3. Reform Era (1978-Present) -- (1) Rebuilding of the Legal System -- (2) Professionalization.

4. Studies of China's Legal System -- (1) Progress of Studies4 -- (2) Major Theories on China's Legal Reform -- 5. Contemporary Criminal Justice System -- (1) Police and Policing -- (2) Courts -- (3) Corrections -- 6. Accession to WTO and Its Impact -- 7. Public Participation and Its Impact -- 8. Conclusion -- References -- 5. Population Zhongdong MA -- Abstract -- 1. The Chinese Population: Size, Growth and Composition -- (1) Huge Population Size and Growth -- (2) Highly Uneven Population Distribution -- (3) Rapid Urbanization -- (4) Nationalities -- 2. Population Structure: Composition by Sex and Age -- 3. Fertility and Mortality -- (1) Fertility -- 1) Fertility trends in China -- 2) Fertility by parity in 1990s -- (2) Mortality -- 1) Mortality trends -- 2) Age patterns of Mortality -- 4. Floating Population -- (1) Trends of the Inter-County Floating Population -- (2) Inter-Provincial Temporary Migrants -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- 6. Ethnicity Barry SAUTMAN -- Abstract -- I. Introduction -- II. Ethnicity in a Chinese Context -- A. Territory and Demography -- B. History -- III. China's Major Ethnic Policies -- A. Official Recognition of Ethnic Minorities -- B. Ethnic Regional Autonomy: The Centerpiece of China's Ethnic Policies -- 1. Structures and Politics of the Ethnic Regional Autonomy System -- C. Preferential Policies: Subsidies for Areas -- Affirmative Action for People -- D. Other Ethnic Policies -- IV. Multi-Ethnicity/Multi-Culturalism -- A. China's Multi-ethnicity in Comparative Perspective -- V. Conclusion: China's Multi-ethnic Future -- References -- 7. Foreign Policy Simon SHEN -- Abstract -- Part I: Evolution of Chinese Foreign Policy Since 1949 -- The Deng Xiaoping Era -- The Jiang Zemin Era -- The Hu Jintao Era -- Part II: Identifying the Changes in the Hu Era and Beyond -- From Great Power Bandwagon to Cross-Regional Diplomacy.

From Bilateral Arrangement to Multilateral Engagement -- From Classical Neo-realist to Realist-constructivist Identity Construction -- Part III: The Chinese Foreign Policy Making Process -- The Formal Party-State Apparatus -- Public Opinion, the Rise of Nationalism and Online Activism -- Part IV: Bilateral Relations -- Sino-US Relations -- Sino-Japanese Relations -- Sino-Russian Relations -- Sino-European Union Relations -- Sino-Indian Relations -- Sino-ASEAN Relations -- Sino-Middle East and Central Asian Relations -- Sino-African Relations -- Sino-Latin American Relations -- Part V: Untraditional Challenges for Chinese Foreign Policy in the New Era -- Globalization -- Human Rights -- Terrorism -- Climate Change -- Health -- Soft Power -- Final Words -- References -- 8. Environment Yok-shiu LEE, Carlos Wing-hung LO and Anna Ka-Yin LEE -- Abstract -- 1. Deteriorating Environmental Conditions -- 2. China's Changing Perspective on Environmental Protection -- 3. Ineffective Environmental Management -- Environmental Impact Assessment -- The Pollution Discharge Fee System -- Lax Enforcement by Environmental Agencies -- 4. Growing Public Environmental Awareness -- 5. Impacts and Limitations of Environmental NGOs -- 6. International Cooperation on Environmental Protection -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- 9. Urbanization Fulong WU -- Abstract -- The End of Constrained Urbanization -- The Establishment of World's Factory and Dynamics of Urban Development -- Fragmented Spatial Form -- Chinese Informal Settlement: Urban Villages (chengzhongcun) -- Packaged Suburbia and Gated Communities -- Uprooted Urban Society -- Constraints to the World's Factory and Post-crisis Urban Development -- Urban Development under the Pressure of Real Estate Boom -- From Urban Rural Dualism to Structured Social Exclusion.

Economic Restructuring, Innovation, and Low-Carbon Eco-City -- Conclusion -- References -- 10. Higher Education Ka-ho MOK and Li WANG -- Abstract -- Introduction: Privatization of Higher Education in China -- Understanding Privatization of HE in China -- A Brief Policy Background and Methodology -- Privatization of HE in Practice -- 1) Proliferation of private colleges -- 2) Delegation in HE governance -- 3) Displacement of public funding in HE -- 4) Emerging transnational HE -- Privatization of HE: Issues and Challenges -- 1) Private HE and quality issues -- 2) State university relationship: Centralized decentralization -- 3) Privatizing HE financing: Intensified inequality -- Bringing the "Public Back In" Education -- Conclusion -- References -- Appendix: Interview Details -- 11. Religion David A. PALMER -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Counting Religious Believers in China -- Historical Background -- PRC Religious Policy -- Revivals of Communal Religion in Rural China -- Post-Mao Urban Religious Culture and the Qigong Movement -- The Confucian Revival -- Daoist and Buddhist Temples, Clergy and Lay Networks -- Islam -- Christianity -- Conclusion -- References -- 12. Literature Ling-tun NGAI -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Fiction -- Scar Literature -- Literature of Reflections -- Roots-Seeking Literature -- Experimental Fiction -- Neo-Realist Fiction -- Hooligan Literature -- Women's Writing -- Poetry -- Obscure Poetry -- Post-Obscure Poetry -- Drama -- Social Problem Plays -- Realist Plays -- Exploration Plays -- The Nobel Prize for Literature, 2000 -- References -- 13. Cinema Rui ZHANG -- Abstract -- Part One: Introduction -- Art Policy - Perpetuation of Yan'an Talks -- Censorship - The Control System of Chinese Cinema -- Part Two: Chinese Cinema of the 1980s - The Fourth and Fifth Generations and the Rise of Entertainment Films.

The Fourth and Fifth Generations -- Rise of Entertainment Films -- Part Three: Chinese Cinema in the 1990s: Stagnation, Hollywood Imports and Commercialization -- Main Melody Films -- Entertainment Films -- The Fifth Generation -- Private Film Companies -- Hollywood Imports -- The Sixth Generation and Underground Cinema -- Part Four: Chinese Cinema in the New Millenium -- The WTO and "the Corporate Era" of Chinese Film Industry -- Domestic Turn of the Fifth Generation Cinema -- Product Placement in Film -- Part Five: Conclusion -- References -- 14. Consumption and Leisure Kevin LATHAM -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Media, Technology, Leisure and Consumption -- Urban Leisure, Consumption, Modernity and Postmodernity -- Consumption, Class and China's New Social Realities -- Consumption, Political Legitimacy and Time -- Conclusion: The Future of Leisure and Consumption in China -- References -- 15. Internet and Civil Society Guobin YANG -- Abstract -- The Internet Since 2003 -- Microblogging -- Civil Society Since 2003 -- Internet Events and National Crises -- The Evolution of the State's Internet Strategy -- The Impact of Commercialization -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.