BEGINNING Software Engineering -- CONTENTS -- INTRODUCTION -- PART I: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING STEP-BY-STEP -- CHAPTER 1: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING FROM 20,000 FEET -- Requirements Gathering -- High-Level Design -- Low-Level Design -- Development -- Testing -- Deployment -- Maintenance -- Wrap-up -- Everything All at Once -- Summary -- CHAPTER 2: BEFORE THE BEGINNING -- Document Management -- Historical Documents -- E-mail -- Code -- Code Documentation -- Application Documentation -- Summary -- CHAPTER 3: PROJECT MANAGEMENT -- Executive Support -- Project Management -- PERT Charts -- Critical Path Methods -- Gantt Charts -- Scheduling Software -- Predicting Times -- Get Experience -- Break Unknown Tasks into Simpler Pieces -- Look for Similarities -- Expect the Unexpected -- Track Progress -- Risk Management -- Summary -- CHAPTER 4: REQUIREMENT GATHERING -- Requirements Defined -- Clear -- Unambiguous -- Consistent -- Prioritized -- Verifiable -- Words to Avoid -- Requirement Categories -- Audience-Oriented Requirements -- Business Requirements -- User Requirements -- Functional Requirements -- Nonfunctional Requirements -- Implementation Requirements -- FURPS -- FURPS+ -- Common Requirements -- Gathering Requirements -- Listen to Customers (and Users) -- Use the Five Ws (and One H) -- Who -- What -- When -- Where -- Why -- How -- Study Users -- Refining Requirements -- Copy Existing Systems -- Clairvoyance -- Brainstorm -- Recording Requirements -- UML -- User Stories -- Use Cases -- Prototypes -- Requirements Specification -- Validation and Verification -- Changing Requirements -- Summary -- CHAPTER 5: HIGH-LEVEL DESIGN -- The Big Picture -- What to Specify -- Security -- Hardware -- User Interface -- Internal Interfaces -- External Interfaces -- Architecture -- Monolithic -- Client/Server -- Component-Based -- Service-Oriented -- Data-Centric.

Event-Driven -- Rule-Based -- Distributed -- Mix and Match -- Reports -- Other Outputs -- Database -- Audit Trails -- User Access -- Database Maintenance -- Configuration Data -- Data Flows and States -- Training -- UML -- Structure Diagrams -- Behavior Diagrams -- Activity Diagrams -- Use Case Diagram -- State Machine Diagram -- Interaction Diagrams -- Sequence Diagram -- Communication Diagram -- Timing Diagram -- Interaction Overview Diagram -- Summary -- CHAPTER 6: LOW-LEVEL DESIGN -- OO Design -- Identifying Classes -- Building Inheritance Hierarchies -- Refinement -- Generalization -- Hierarchy Warning Signs -- Object Composition -- Database Design -- Relational Databases -- First Normal Form -- Second Normal Form -- Third Normal Form -- Higher Levels of Normalization -- Summary -- CHAPTER 7: DEVELOPMENT -- Use the Right Tools -- Hardware -- Network -- Development Environment -- Source Code Control -- Profilers -- Static Analysis Tools -- Testing Tools -- Source Code Formatters -- Refactoring Tools -- Training -- Selecting Algorithms -- Effective -- Efficient -- Predictable -- Simple -- Prepackaged -- Top-Down Design -- Programming Tips and Tricks -- Be Alert -- Write for People, Not the Computer -- Comment First -- Write Self-Documenting Code -- Keep It Small -- Stay Focused -- Avoid Side Effects -- Validate Results -- Practice Offensive Programming -- Use Exceptions -- Write Exception Handers First -- Don't Repeat Code -- Defer Optimization -- Summary -- CHAPTER 8: TESTING -- Testing Goals -- Reasons Bugs Never Die -- Diminishing Returns -- Deadlines -- Consequences -- It's Too Soon -- Usefulness -- Obsolescence -- It's Not a Bug -- It Never Ends -- It's Better Than Nothing -- Fixing Bugs Is Dangerous -- Which Bugs to Fix -- Levels of Testing -- Unit Testing -- Integration Testing -- Automated Testing -- Component Interface Testing.

System Testing -- Acceptance Testing -- Other Testing Categories -- Testing Techniques -- Exhaustive Testing -- Black-Box Testing -- White-Box Testing -- Gray-Box Testing -- Testing Habits -- Test and Debug When Alert -- Test Your Own Code -- Have Someone Else Test Your Code -- Fix Your Own Bugs -- Think Before You Change -- Don't Believe in Magic -- See What Changed -- Fix Bugs, Not Symptoms -- Test Your Tests -- How to Fix a Bug -- Estimating Number of Bugs -- Tracking Bugs Found -- Seeding -- The Lincoln Index -- Summary -- CHAPTER 9: DEPLOYMENT -- Scope -- The Plan -- Cutover -- Staged Deployment -- Gradual Cutover -- Incremental Deployment -- Parallel Testing -- Deployment Tasks -- Deployment Mistakes -- Summary -- CHAPTER 10: METRICS -- Wrap Party -- Defect Analysis -- Kinds of Bugs -- Discoverer -- Severity -- Time Created -- Age at Fix -- Task Type -- Ishikawa Diagrams -- Software Metrics -- Qualities of Good Attributes and Metrics -- Using Metrics -- Process Metrics -- Project Metrics -- Things to Measure -- Size Normalization -- Function Point Normalization -- Count Function Point Metrics -- Multiply by Complexity Factors -- Calculate Complexity Adjustment Value -- Calculate Adjusted FP -- Summary -- CHAPTER 11: MAINTENANCE -- Maintenance Costs -- Task Categories -- Perfective Tasks -- Feature Improvements -- New Features -- The Second System Effect -- Adaptive Tasks -- Corrective Tasks -- Preventive Tasks -- Clarification -- Code Reuse -- Improved Flexibility -- Bug Swarms -- Bad Programming Practices -- Individual Bugs -- Not Invented Here -- Task Execution -- Summary -- PART II: PROCESS MODELS -- CHAPTER 12: PREDICTIVE MODELS -- Model Approaches -- Prerequisites -- Predictive and Adaptive -- Success and Failure Indicators -- Advantages and Disadvantages -- Waterfall -- Waterfall with Feedback -- Sashimi -- Incremental Waterfall.

V-Model -- Systems Development Life Cycle -- Summary -- CHAPTER 13: ITERATIVE MODELS -- Iterative Versus Predictive -- Iterative Versus Incremental -- Prototypes -- Types of Prototypes -- Pros and Cons -- Spiral -- Clarifications -- Pros and Cons -- Unified Process -- Pros and Cons -- Rational Unified Process -- Cleanroom -- Summary -- CHAPTER 14: RAD -- RAD Principles -- James Martin RAD -- Agile -- Self-Organizing Teams -- Agile Techniques -- Communication -- Incremental Development -- Focus on Quality -- XP -- XP Roles -- XP Values -- XP Practices -- Have a Customer On Site -- Play the Planning Game -- Use Standup Meetings -- Make Frequent Small Releases -- Use Intuitive Metaphors -- Keep Designs Simple -- Defer Optimization -- Refactor When Necessary -- Give Everyone Ownership of the Code -- Use Coding Standards -- Promote Generalization -- Use Pair Programming -- Test Constantly -- Integrate Continuously -- Work Sustainably -- Use Test-Driven and Test-First Development -- Scrum -- Scrum Roles -- Scrum Sprints -- Planning Poker -- Burndown -- Velocity -- Lean -- Lean Principles -- Crystal -- Crystal Clear -- Crystal Yellow -- Crystal Orange -- Feature-Driven Development -- FDD Roles -- FDD Phases -- Develop a Model -- Build a Feature List -- Plan by Feature -- Design by Feature -- Build by Feature -- FDD Iteration Milestones -- Agile Unified Process -- Disciplined Agile Delivery -- DAD Principles -- DAD Roles -- DAD Phases -- Dynamic Systems Development Method -- DSDM Phases -- DSDM Principles -- DSDM Roles -- Kanban -- Kanban Principles -- Kanban Practices -- Kanban Board -- Summary -- APPENDIX: SOLUTIONS TO EXERCISES -- GLOSSARY -- INDEX -- EULA.