CONTENTS -- PROLOGUE -- PART I: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY -- 1. IN THE TRADITION -- 1.1. The Underlying Thesis -- 1.2. Going Beyond Programming -- 1.3. An Engineering Discipline of Software -- 2. THE PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE -- 2.1. Why Study the Philosophy of Science? -- 2.2. Science in the Early Twentieth Century -- 2.3. Popper's Correction to Logical Positivism -- 2.4. Epistemological Refinements -- 2.5. Science in a Historical Context -- 2.6. Some Other Contributions -- 2.7. The Structure of Science -- 3. DISCOVERY AND DESIGN -- 3.1. The Relationship Between Science and Technology -- 3.2. Comparing the Engineer and the Scientist -- 3.3. Technological Knowledge -- 3.4. Modeling Reality -- 3.5. Scientific and Technological Models -- 3.6. Science and Free Phenomena -- 3.7. A Short Coda -- PART II: ECOLOGICAL DESIGN -- 4. A FOUNDATION FOR DESIGN -- 4.1. The Foundation, So Far -- 4.2. The Rejection of Technical Rationality -- 4.3. Heidegger's Being-in-the-World -- 4.4. An Ecological Study of Design -- 5. PROBLEM SOLVING -- 5.1. The Chapter's Unifying Theme -- 5.2. Human Problem Solving -- 5.3. Human Problem Solving in the Real World -- 5.4. The Nature of Expertise -- 5.5. Scientific Expertise -- 5.6. Complex Problem Solving -- 6. ACTIVITY, REFLECTION, CONTEXT -- 6.1. A Check Point -- 6.2. Activity Theory -- 6.3. Reflection in Practice -- 6.4. Closing the Circle -- 6.5. Reason, Bias, and Error -- 7. THE DESIGN PROCESS -- 7.1. Finally, an Examination of Design -- 7.2. Design Practice -- 7.3. Architectural and Industrial Design -- 7.4. Engineering and System Design -- 7.5. The Individual Designer -- 7.6. The Challenge -- 8. PARTICIPATORY DESIGN -- 8.1. Evolving Models of Design -- 8.2. Human Factors and the Interface -- 8.3. User-Centered Design -- 8.4. The Scandinavian Approach -- 8.5. A Model of Computer Technology Adaptation.

8.6. A Closing Observation -- PART III: SOFTWARE DESIGN -- 9. THE SOFTWARE PROCESS -- 9.1. A Foundation for Software Design -- 9.2. Software Engineering, a Historical Overview -- 9.3. The Traditional Technological Perspective -- 9.4. The Essential Software Process -- 9.5. Looking to the Future -- 9.6. Exploiting Software's Unique Properties -- 10. DESIGN METHODS -- 10.1. Adaptive Design in Context -- 10.2. Methodological Dilemmas -- 10.3. A Taxonomy of Design Methods -- 10.4. A Brief Survey of Design Methods -- 10.5. The Design Method Taxonomy -- 11. ADAPTIVE DESIGN -- 11.1. A Personal Preface -- 11.2. Exploiting Software's Unique Capabilities -- 11.3. Introduction to TEDIUM -- 11.4. Application Database Representation -- 11.5. Representing Knowledge in TEDIUM -- 11.6. Family Knowledge -- 11.7. The TEDIUM Window into Design -- 11.8. Some Final Observations -- 12. A CASE STUDY -- 12.1. Issues in Evaluation -- 12.2. The Oncology Clinical Information System -- 12.3. Characterizing the Project -- 12.4. Evaluating the Environment -- 12.5. The Representation as a Specification -- 12.6. The Representation as a Conceptual Model -- 12.7. Characterizing the Software Process -- 12.8. Characterizing the Product -- 12.9. What the Case Study Tells Us -- EPILOGUE -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- X -- Y -- Z.