Front Cover -- Extractive Metallurgy of Copper -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface to the Fifth Edition -- Preface to the Fourth Edition -- Preface to the Third Edition -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- Chapter 1 Overview -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Extracting Copper from Copper-Iron-Sulfide Ores -- 1.3. Hydrometallurgical Extraction of Copper -- 1.4. Melting and Casting Cathode Copper -- 1.5. Recycle of Copper and Copper-alloy Scrap (Chapters 18 and 19) -- 1.6. Summary -- Reference -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 2 Production and Use -- 2.1. Copper Minerals and Cut-off Grades -- 2.2. Location of Extraction Plants -- 2.3. Price of Copper -- 2.4. Summary -- References -- Chapter 3 Production of High Copper Concentrates - Introduction and Comminution -- 3.1. Concentration Flowsheet -- 3.2. The Comminution Process -- 3.3. Blasting -- 3.4. Crushing -- 3.5. Grinding -- 3.6. Recent Developments in Comminution -- 3.7. Summary -- References -- Suggested reading -- Chapter 4 Production of Cu Concentrate from Finely Ground Cu Ore -- 4.1. Froth Flotation -- 4.2. Flotation Chemicals (Nagaraj & Ravishankar, 2007 -- Woodcock, Sparrow, Bruckard, Johnson, & Dunne, 2007) -- 4.3. Specific Flotation Procedures for Cu Ores -- 4.4. Flotation Cells -- 4.5. Sensors, Operation, and Control -- 4.6. The Flotation Products -- 4.7. Other Flotation Separations -- 4.8. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 5 Matte Smelting Fundame ntals -- 5.1. Why Smelting? -- 5.2. Matte and Slag -- 5.3. Reactions During Matte Smelting -- 5.4. The Smelting Process: General Considerations -- 5.5. Smelting Products: Matte, Slag and Offgas -- 5.6. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 6 Flash Smelting -- 6.1. Outotec Flash Furnace -- 6.2. Peripheral Equipment -- 6.3. Flash Furnace Operation -- 6.4. Control (Fig. 6.3).

6.5. Impurity Behavior -- 6.6. Outotec Flash Smelting Recent Developments and Future Trends -- 6.7. Inco Flash Smelting -- 6.8. Inco Flash Furnace Summary -- 6.9. Inco vs. Outotec Flash Smelting -- 6.10. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 7 Submerged Tuyere Smelting: Noranda, Teniente, and Vanyukov -- 7.1. Noranda Process (Prevost, Letourneau, Perez, Lind, & Lavoie, 2007 -- Zapata, 2007) -- 7.2. Reaction Mechanisms -- 7.3. Operation and Control -- 7.4. Production Rate Enhancement -- 7.5. Teniente Smelting -- 7.6. Process Description -- 7.7. Operation (Moyano et al., 2010) -- 7.8. Control (Morrow & Gajaredo, 2009 -- Moyano et al., 2010) -- 7.9. Impurity Distribution -- 7.10. Discussion -- 7.11. Vanyukov Submerged-Tuyere Smelting -- 7.12. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 8 Converting of Copper Matte -- 8.1. Chemistry -- 8.2. Industrial Peirce-Smith Converting Operations -- 8.3. Oxygen Enrichment of Peirce-Smith Converter Blast -- 8.4. Maximizing Converter Productivity -- 8.5. Recent Improvements in Peirce-Smith Converting -- 8.6. Alternatives to Peirce-Smith Converting -- 8.7. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 9 Bath Matte Smelting: Ausmelt/Isasmelt and Mitsubishi -- 9.1. Basic Operations -- 9.2. Feed Materials -- 9.3. The TSL Furnace and Lances -- 9.4. Smelting Mechanisms -- 9.5. Startup and Shutdown -- 9.6. Current Installations -- 9.7. Copper Converting Using TSL Technology -- 9.8. The Mitsubishi Process -- 9.9. The Mitsubishi Process in the 2000s -- 9.10. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 10 Direct-To-Copper Flash Smelting -- 10.1. Advantages and Disadvantages -- 10.2. The Ideal Direct-to-Copper Process -- 10.3. Industrial Single Furnace Direct -to-Copper Smelting -- 10.4. Chemistry -- 10.5. Effect of Slag Composition on % Cu-in-Slag -- 10.6. Industrial Details.

10.7. Control -- 10.8. Electric Furnace Cu-from-Slag Recovery -- 10.9. Cu-in-Slag Limitation of Direct-to-Copper Smelting -- 10.10. Direct-to-Copper Impurities -- 10.11. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 11 Copper Loss in Slag -- 11.1. Copper in Slags -- 11.2. Decreasing Copper in Slag I: Minimizing Slag Generation -- 11.3. Decreasing Copper in Slag II: Minimizing Copper Concentration in Slag -- 11.4. Decreasing Copper in Slag III: Pyrometallurgical Slag Settling/Reduction -- 11.5. Decreasing Copper in Slag IV: Slag Minerals Processing -- 11.6. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 12 Capture and Fixation of Sulfur -- 12.1. Offgases From Smelting and Converting Processes -- 12.2. Sulfuric Acid Manufacture -- 12.3. Smelter Offgas Treatment -- 12.4. Gas Drying -- 12.5. Acid Plant Chemical Reactions -- 12.6. Industrial Sulfuric Acid Manufacture (Tables 12.4, 12.5, and 12.6) -- 12.7. Alternative Sulfuric Acid Manufacturing Methods -- 12.8. Recent and Future Developments in Sulfuric Acid Manufacture -- 12.9. Alternative Sulfur Products -- 12.10. Future Improvements in Sulfur Capture -- 12.11. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 13 Fire Refining (S and O Removal) and Anode Casting -- 13.1. Industrial Methods of Fire Refining -- 13.2. Chemistry of Fire Refining -- 13.3. Choice of Hydrocarbon for Deoxidation -- 13.4. Casting Anodes -- 13.5. ontinuous Anode Casting -- 13.6. New Anodes from Rejects and Anode Scrap -- 13.7. Removal of Impurities During Fire Refining -- 13.8. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 14 Electrolytic Refining -- 14.1. The Electrorefining Process -- 14.2. Chemistry of Electrorefining and Behavior of Anode Impurities -- 14.3. Equipment -- 14.4. Typical Refining Cycle -- 14.5. Electrolyte -- 14.6. Maximizing Copper Cathode Purity -- 14.7. Minimizing Energy Consumption.

14.8. Industrial Electrorefining -- 14.9. Recent Developments and Emerging Trends in Copper Electrorefining -- 14.10. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 15 Hydrometallurgical Copper Extraction: Introduction and Leaching -- 15.1. Copper Recovery by Hydrometallurgical Flowsheets -- 15.2. Chemistry of the Leaching of Copper Minerals -- 15.3. Leaching Methods -- 15.4. Heap and Dump Leaching -- 15.5. Vat Leaching -- 15.6. Agitation Leaching -- 15.7. Pressure Oxidation Leaching -- 15.8. Future Developments -- 15.9. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 16 Solvent Extraction -- 16.1. The Solvent-extraction Process -- 16.2. Chemistry of Copper Solvent Extraction -- 16.3. Composition of the Organic Phase -- 16.4. Minimizing Impurity Transfer and Maximizing Electrolyte Purity -- 16.5. Equipment -- 16.6. Circuit Configurations -- 16.7. Quantitative Design of a Series Circuit -- 16.8. Quantitative Comparison of Series and Series-parallel Circuits -- 16.9. Operational Considerations -- 16.10. Industrial Solvent-Extraction Plants -- 16.11. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 17 Electrowinning -- 17.1. The Electrowinning Process -- 17.2. Chemistry of Copper Electrowinning -- 17.3. Electrical Requirements -- 17.4. Equipment and Operational Practice -- 17.5. Maximizing Copper Purity -- 17.6. Maximizing Energy Efficiency -- 17.7. Modern Industrial Electrowinning Plants -- 17.8. Electrowinning from Agitated Leach Solutions -- 17.9. Current and Future Developments -- 17.10. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 18 Collection and Processing of Recycled Copper -- 18.1. The Materials Cycle -- 18.2. Secondary Copper Grades and Definitions -- 18.3. Scrap Processing and Beneficiation -- 18.4. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 19 Chemical Metallurgy of Copper Recycling.

19.1. Characteristics of Secondary Copper -- 19.2. Scrap Processing in Primary Copper Smelters -- 19.3. The Secondary Copper Smelter -- 19.4. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 20 Melting and Casting -- 20.1. Product Grades and Quality -- 20.2. Melting Technology -- 20.3. Casting Machines -- 20.4. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 21 Byproduct and Waste Streams -- 21.1. Molybdenite Recovery and Processing -- 21.2. Flotation Reagents -- 21.3. Operation -- 21.4. Optimization -- 21.5. Anode Slimes -- 21.6. Dust Treatment -- 21.7. Use or Disposal of Slag -- 21.8. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Chapter 22 Costs of Copper Production -- 22.1. Overall Investment Costs: Mine through Refinery -- 22.2. Overall Direct Operating Costs: Mine through Refinery -- 22.3. Total Production Costs, Selling Prices, Profitability -- 22.4. Concentrating Costs -- 22.5. Smelting Costs -- 22.6. Electrorefining Costs -- 22.7. Production of Copper from Scrap -- 22.8. Leach/Solvent Extraction/Electrowinning Costs -- 22.9. Profitability -- 22.10. Summary -- References -- Suggested Reading -- Index.