Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- One: Prolegomena to Any Philosophical Defense of Human Rights -- Cultural Relativism -- Ethnocentrism -- Two: The Maximalist Challenge to Human Rights Justification -- Maximalist Approaches in Human Rights Declarations and Documents -- Why Human Rights Need Religion: A Sampling of Four Theoretical Accounts -- A Preliminary Assessment of the Maximalist Challenge -- Rising to the Maximalist Challenge -- Three: An Enforcement-Centered Approach to Human Rights, with Special Reference to John Rawls -- A Primer on Rawls's Conception of Global Justice -- Human Rights in the Law of Peoples Compared to International Human Rights Law -- Rawlsian Human Rights: An Assessment -- Conclusion -- Four: Consensus-Based Approaches to Human Rights -- Obtaining a Cross-Cultural Consensus on Human Rights -- Option 1: Consensus-Producing New Universal Human Rights Standards -- Option 2: Consensus-Encouraging Plural Foundations for Human Rights -- Beyond Shared Norms: Returning to the Original Sources of Inspiration -- Five: The Capability Approach to Human Rights -- What Is the Capability Approach? A Primer -- Comparing the Capability Approach to the Human Rights Framework -- Justifying Human Capabilities and Human Rights -- Enhancing Human Rights through the Framework of Capabilities -- Revisiting the Question of Justification -- Six: Grounding Human Rights in a Pluralist World -- Assessing and Retrieving Minimalist Strategies of Justification -- Assessing and Retrieving Maximalist Approaches to Justification -- Grounding Human Rights in a Pluralist World by Straddling the Minimalist-Maximalist Divide -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.