Cover -- Titelei -- Impressum -- Inhaltsverzeichnis -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Martin Heidegger - Ethics of the Self -- 2.1 The Ontological Difference as Difference -- 2.2 Being and Time -- 2.2.1 Dasein by Existence in the World -- 2.2.2 Authenticity via Anxiety … -- 2.2.3 … as Death … -- 2.2.4 … in vertical Time -- 2.2.5 Being in Time -- 2.3 "Humanism in the extreme case" - an Originary Ethics? -- 2.4 Beyng as Saying -- 3. Jacques Derrida and Emmanuel Lévinas: Ethics by the Other -- 3.1 Leaving Heidegger -- 3.2 Early Affinities: Higher Realism and Ultrastructuralism -- 3.3 The Ethical Difference before Ontology -- 3.4 The First Violence: Transcendental Violence via Nihilation -- 3.5 The Face of the Other -- 3.6 Responsibility: Relation(s) to the Other -- 3.6.1 Heteronomy before Autonomy -- 3.6.2 Faith and Knowledge - the Reasonable -- 3.6.3 Religion -- 3.7 Self-Difference in Divine Violence -- 3.8 Of War and Peace -- 4. Ernesto Laclau - Democracy without Foundation -- 4.1 From Philosophy to Political Theory -- 4.2 The Theory of Hegemony as a Political Ontology -- 4.2.1 Discourse -- 4.2.2 Antagonism: A Lumpenproletariat Against the Order of Immanence -- 4.2.3 Hegemony -- 5. Conclusion -- Bibliography.