WATER DISINFECTION -- WATER RESOURCE PLANNING, DEVELOPMENTAND MANAGEMENT -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- BY-PRODUCTS OF DRINKING WATER DISINFECTION:TRENDS AND CHALLENGES IN THEIR MONITORING -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THMS -- 2.1. Liquid-Liquid Extraction Techniques -- 2.2. Headspace (HS) Techniques -- 2.3. Solid-Phase Microextraction Techniques -- 2.4. Membrane-Based Techniques -- 2.5. Other Analytical Trends -- 3. HAAS -- 3.1. GC-Based Methods -- 3.2. LC-Based Methods -- 3.3. Other Analytical Trends -- 4. BROMATE -- 4.1. IC Methods -- 4.2. Electrophoretic Methods -- 4.3. Other Trends -- 5. CHLORITE -- 6. EMERGING DBPS -- 6.1. Haloacetonitriles -- 6.2. Nitrosamines -- 6.3. MX and Derivatives -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- APPROPRIATE AND SUSTAINABLEWATER DISINFECTION METHODSFOR DEVELOPING COMMUNITIES -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. COMMUNITY SCALE WATER TREATMENT -- 2.1. Slow Sand Filtration -- 2.2. Riverbank Filtration -- 2.3. Solar Disinfection -- 2.4. Potential High-Tech Methods -- 3. HOUSEHOLD WATER TREATMENT OPTIONS -- 3.1. Chlorination -- 3.2. Chlorination with Flocculation -- 3.3. Biosand -- 3.4. Ceramic Water Filters -- 3.5. Solar Disinfection -- 4. HEALTH IMPACTS OF WATER TREATMENT -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- NEW PERSPECTIVES INWASTEWATER DISINFECTION -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MICROBIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND INDICATORS -- 3. CONTINUOUS, SEASONAL AND EMERGENCY DISINFECTION -- 4. MAIN STANDARDS -- 5. DISINFECTION TECHNIQUES -- 5.1. Conventional Systems -- 5.1.1. Sodium hypochlorite -- Chlorine dioxide -- Peracetic acid -- Ozone -- Ultraviolet radiation -- Membrane filtration -- 5.2. Constructed Wetlands -- 5.3. Advanced Oxidation Processes -- 5.3.1. Ozone and UV -- 5.3.2. UV and PAA -- 5.3.3. Hydrogen peroxide and UV -- 5.4. Innovative Systems -- 5.4.1. Performic acid -- 5.4.2. Sonication.

5.4.3. Electron beams (E-beam) and gamma irradiation -- 6. COST ANALYSIS FOR THE MOST USEDDISINFECTION TREATMENTS -- 7. CHOICE OF DISINFECTION SYSTEMS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- DEGRADATION OF POLYETHYLENE PIPESBY WATER DISINFECTANTS -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- CHEMICAL ASPECTS -- 1. Preliminary Remarks -- 1.1. About the reactivity of disinfectants -- 1.2. About the nature of reactive species -- 1.3. About the accelerating effect of disinfectant on mechanical failure -- 1.4. About the role of antioxidants -- 2. Chlorine Dioxide -- 3. Bleach and Chlorine -- TRANSPORT ASPECTS ANTIOXIDANT THICKNESS PROFILES -- 1. Induction Time Profiles -- 2. Degradation Profiles -- 3. Incorporation of Diffusion Terms into the Kinetic Model -- MECHANICAL ASPECTS -- 1. Strategy of Model Elaboration -- 2. Kinetic Model for Creep -- 3. Failure Criterion -- 4. Integration of the "Mechanical Modulus" into the Lifetime PredictionModel -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- MUTAGENS AND CARCINOGENSIN WATER RESOURCES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. WATER SOURCES AND THEIR AVAILABILITY -- 1.1. Contamination Sources of Water Resources -- 1.2. Guidelines of Waters Management -- 2. MUTAGENIC AND CARCINOGENIC CONTAMINANTSIN WATER RESOURCES -- 2.1. The Pesticides -- 2.2. PAHs -- 2.3. Heavy Metals -- 2.3.1. Arsenic -- 2.3.2. Chromium -- 2.3.3. Mercury -- 2.3.4. Lead -- 2.3.5. Nickel -- 2.3.6. Cadmium -- 2.3.7. Vanadium -- 2.4. Radioactive Substances -- 2.4.1. Uranium -- 2.4.2. Radon -- 2.5. Perchlorates -- 2.6. Nitrites and Nitrates -- 2.7. Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MtBE) -- 3. MUTAGENS AND CARCINOGENS POLLUTANTSIN DISINFECTED WATERS -- 4. FUTURE PERSPECTIVES ON POTENTIAL WATERMUTAGENICITY AND CANCEROGENICITY -- REFERENCES -- PHOTOCATALYTIC DISINFECTION OF WATER -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- FUNDAMENTALS OF PHOTOCATALYTIC DISINFECTION PROCESSES.

Mechanism of Microorganism Inactivation -- Kinetic Modelling -- MAIN VARIABLES OF THE PROCESS AND COMPARISON WITHPHOTOCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF CHEMICALS -- Non-Photocatalytic Reference Experiments -- Effect of TiO2 Concentration -- Effect of the Irradiation Power -- Effect of the Initial Concentration of Microorganism -- Effect of Water Composition -- Type of Microorganisms -- DISINFECTION OF WATER WITH IMMOBILISED PHOTOCATALYSTS -- Immobilised TiO2 Reactors -- Comparison between Slurry and Immobilised TiO2 Photocatalytic Reactors -- Immobilised-TiO2 Photocatalytic Reactors Operating in a Solar Pilot Plant -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- CHLORINE DIOXIDE BY-PRODUCTS REMOVAL WITHACTIVATED CARBON IN DRINKING WATER -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIAL AND METHODS -- Water -- Granular Activated Carbon -- Experimental Tests -- Determination of the Adsorption Isotherm -- Column Test -- Preloading of the Activated Carbon with Humic Acids -- Parameters Analyzed -- RESULTS -- Water 1 -- Waters 2 and 3 -- Column Test -- CONCLUSION -- AUTHORS CONTRIBUTIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- BILBIOGRAPHY -- CARCINOGENS FROM WATER DISINFECTION -- ABSTRACT -- 1. WATER AND ITS BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS -- 2. WATER FOR HUMAN CONSUMPTION -- 3. APPROACHES TO DEVELOPING STANDARDS FOR CARCINOGENS -- 4. DISINFECTION BY PRODUCTS (DBPS) IN DRINKING WATERS -- 5. CONTINUING EMERGENCE OF NEW UNREGULATED DBPS -- 6. DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- WATER DISINFECTION USING PERACETIC ACID1 -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. USE OF PERACETIC ACID AS DISINFECTANT -- 2.1. Peracetic Acid Characteristics and Commercialization -- 2.2. Peracetic Acid Mechanism of Disinfection and Kinetics -- 2.3. Wastewater Disinfection Using Peracetic Acid -- 2.3.1. Surface and other kinds of water disinfection -- 2.3.2. Primary effluents from wastewater treatments -- 2.3.3. Secondary effluents from wastewater treatments.

2.3.4. Tertiary effluents from wastewater treatments -- 2.4. The Effect of Peracetic Acid and Ultraviolet (UV) or Silver/CopperCombinations in Wastewater Disinfection -- 2.5. Other Uses of Peracetic Acid as Disinfectant in Water -- 2.6. Peracetic Acid Toxicity and Disinfection by-Products -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- USABILITY OF BORON DOPED DIAMONDELECTRODES IN THE FIELD OF WASTE WATERTREATMENT AND TAP WATER DISINFECTION1 -- ABSTRACT -- 1. DIAMOND ELECTRODES -- 1.1. Producers and Different Electrode Types -- 1.1.1. Adamant -- 1.1.2. Condias -- 1.1.3. Pro aqua -- 1.2. Construction and Design of BDD Electrodes -- 1.2.1. Comparison of Different Electrode Types -- 1.2.2. Comparison of Different Electrode Types -- 1.3. Advanced Oxidation Process with Diamond Electrodes -- 2. FIELDS OF APPLICATION -- 2.1. Treatment of Pharmaceuticals and Complexing Agents in Waste Water -- 2.1.1. Introduction -- 2.1.2. Theoretical process background -- 2.1.3. Description of equipment -- 2.1.3.1. Bench-scale unit -- 2.1.3.1.1. Anodic Oxidation -- 2.1.3.1.2. Ozonisation -- 2.1.4. Tech scale unit -- 2.1.5. Test series -- 2.1.6. Sample preparation -- 2.1.7. Analytics -- 2.1.7.1. Pharmaceuticals -- 2.1.7.2. Complexing agents -- 2.1.8. Analysis -- 2.1.9. Summary -- 2.2. Treatment of Oil-Water-Emulsions and Mixtures -- 2.3. Treatment of Pesticides in Drinking Water Exemplified by AtrazineContamination -- 2.4. Disinfection of Tap and Drinking Water -- 3. CONCLUSION AND OUTLOOK -- REFERENCES -- INDEX.