Cover -- Preface -- Chapter-1. Introduction -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Science and Technological Development -- 1.3 Revolutions in Modern Biology -- 1.4 Terrorism -- 1.4.1 Emergence of Terrorism -- 1.4.2 Some Examples of Terrorist Attacks -- 1.4.3 Domestic Terrorism in the USA -- 1.5 Definition of Terrorism -- 1.5.1 Distinction among Terrorism, National Liberation Movement and GuerillaWarfare -- 1.5.2 Guerilla Warfare -- 1.5.3 What has Given Birth to Modern Terrorists? -- 1.5.4 What is the Main Feature of a Terrorist? -- 1.5.5 Psyche of a Terrorist: Distinguishing Features -- Chapter-2. Historical Perspectives on Accidents Causing Major Chemical Disasters: Deliberate Terrorist Attack: Dropping of an Atom Bomb -- 2.1 Toxic / Hazardous Agents as Weapons of the Terrorist -- 2.2 Possible Bioorganisms / Toxins as weapons of the Terrorists -- 2.3 Niaid High Priority Biodefense Products -- 2.4 Radiological Weapons -- 2.5 Some Historical Experiences -- 2.5.1 From Chemical Accidents in Bhopal -- 2.5.2 Experiences from the Terrorists' Attack on Twin Towers and Anthrax Mail Scare in the USA -- 2.5.3 What Did the World Learn Out of this Incident? -- 2.6 Experiences From Biological Weapons -- 2.7 Chernobyl Experience -- 2.8 Hiroshima and Nagasaki Experience -- 2.9 How Real is it that the Terrorists will Ever use Radio - Logical Weapons? -- 2.10 Author's Own Experience -- 2.10.1 Author's Experiences with the Twin Tower Disaster -- 2.10.2 Bhopal Toxic Gas Disaster-Author's Own Experience -- Chapter-3. Hazardous chemicals / Biologicals / Radiologicals as Potential Weapons for the Terrorists -- 3.1 Safe Production, Handling, Storage and Transportation of Chemicals: Safety Grading -- 3.2 Chemical Disasters: International Experience -- 3.2.1 Toxicological Emergencies: Disaster Management -- 3.2.2 Disaster Response: Aftermath of a Major Disaster.

3.2.3 Do's and Don'ts Regardings Some Commonly Known Hazardous SubstancesExposure Signs, Symptoms and Possible Treatments -- 3.3 CDC Recommendations Regarding Appropriate Type of Treatments -- 3.3.1 Bioterrorism -- 3.4 Some Clues to Potential Bioterrorist Attack -- 3.5 Preparedness at the Community Level -- 3.6 Preparedness at the State and Federal Government Level -- 3.7 Safety Measures During Transport -- 3.7.1 What to Do If You Find Out Suspicious Biological Specimens -- 3.7.2 Gearing up Laboratory Capabilities -- 3.7.3 Preparedness at the Local Community Level -- 3.7.4 Preparedness at the State and Federal Government Level Ensuring ProperPreparation at the Laboratory Level -- 3.8 Anthrax -- 3.8.1 Critical Criteria -- 3.8.2 Cutaneous Anthrax -- 3.8.3 Gastrointestinal Anthrax -- 3.8.4 Inhalation Anthrax -- 3.8.5 Treatment -- 3.8.6 Prophylaxis -- 3.8.7 Laboratory Diagnosis -- 3.9 Brucellosis -- 3.9.1 Symptoms -- 3.9.2 Treatment -- 3.9.3 Laboratory Diagnosis -- 3.10 Botulism -- 3.10.1 Symptoms -- 3.10.2 Diagnosis -- 3.10.3 Therapy -- 3.10.4 Precautionary Measures for the Laboratory Personnel -- 3.11 Tularemia -- 3.11.1 Symptoms -- 3.11.2 Treatment -- 3.11.3 Laboratory Diagnosis -- 3.12 Plague -- 3.12.1 Bubonic Plague -- 3.12.2 Septicemia Plague -- 3.12.3 Incubation Period -- 3.12.4 Treatment -- 3.12.5 Laboratory Diagnosis -- 3.13 Small Pox -- 3.13.1 Infection -- 3.13.2 Treatment -- 3.13.3 Laboratory Diagnosis -- 3.14 Viral Haemorrhagic Fever -- 3.14.1 Incubation Period -- 3.14.2 Symptoms -- 3.14.3 Laboratory Diagnosis -- 3.15 Biopreparedness Drug Information -- 3.16 Biological and Chemical Terrorism: Strategic Plan for Preparedness and Response: Recommendations of CDC Strategic Planning Workgroup -- 3.16.1 U.S. Vulnerability to Biological, Chemical and Radiological Terrorism -- 3.16.2 Overt Versus Covert Terrorist Attacks.

3.16.3 Focusing Preparedness Activities -- 3.17 Key Focus Areas -- 3.17.1 Preparedness and Prevention: Role Played by CDC -- 3.17.2 Detection and Surveillance -- 3.17.3 Diagnosis and Characterization of Biological and Chemical Agents -- 3.17.4 Response -- 3.17.5 Communication Systems -- 3.17.6 Partnerships and Implementation -- 3.17.7 Recommendations -- 3.17.8 Concluding Part of the Report -- 3.18 Remote Possibility of Use of Biological / Radiological Agents as Potential Terrorism Agents -- 3.18.1 Preparedness Against RADIOLOGIC Agents -- 3.18.2 Fallout from Atomic Explosion/Implosion in any Part of the World -- 3.19 Questions Asked by Many Regarding Various Aspects of Radiation are Presented in the Format of Question and Answers as Follows (From K14U, Inc.) -- Chapter-4. Coping with the Disasters: Chance Accidents or that Caused by Terrorist Attack -- 4.1 Safety Engineeering -- 4.2 Disaster Planning -- 4.3 Hazardous Accident: Disaster Investigation and Response -- 4.4 Types of Emergency Arising out of Accidents or Major Disasters -- 4.5 Level of Accidents / Disasters -- 4.6 Development of a Contingency Plan -- 4.7 Emergency Response System -- 4.7.1 System Approach to the Establishment of Emergency Response Systems -- 4.7.2 Structure and Elements of Emergency Response Systems -- 4.8 Potential Problems and How to Circumvent them -- Chapter-5. Sponsored Terrorism: Preventive Measures at the State, Federal and Individual Level -- 5.1 Coping with State Sponsored Terrorism -- 5.1.1 Legislation and Punishment -- 5.1.2 International Cooperation -- 5.1.3 Measures against States Sponsoring Terrorism -- 5.1.4 Offensive Action -- 5.1.5 Attitudes Towards the Population Supporting Terrorism -- 5.1.6 Public Relations -- 5.2 Preventive Efforts at the Individual Level if there is an Accident or Terrorist Attack.

5.3 Preventive Measures at the State and Federal Government Level -- 5.4 Only Remote Possibility of use of Bioweapons or Radiological Weapons -- 5.5 The Odds of Development of Bioweapons and Atomic Weapons -- 5.6 Vulnerability of the United States of America -- 5.7 How to Eradicate Terrorism from the World -- 5.8 Futuristic Planning -- 5.8.1 Organizational Set Up: Co-operation and Co-ordination -- 5.8.2 Suggested Lines of Action at the Local Level -- 5.8.3 Disaster Inventory -- Chapter-6. Preparedness Plan and Measures Needed to Safeguard the Health of the Population -- 6.1 Preparedness Plan at the Level of Community Hospitals, Doctors, Nurses, and Other Ancillary Staff -- 6.1.1 Emergency Preparedness/Operating Plans in a Community Hospital -- 6.2 Mobilization of Personnel: It is an Important Part of Functioning of any Emergency Medical Operations -- 6.2.1 Responsibilities of the Disaster Control Officer (Emergency Department Physician on Duty) -- 6.2.2 Responsibilities of the Emergency Department Nurse in-Charge -- 6.2.3 Responsibilities of the Emergency Department Nurse in-Charge -- 6.2.4 Responsibilities of Disaster Control Nurse (DCN) -- 6.2.5 Responsibilities for the Labor Pool Unit Leader (LPUL) -- 6.2.6 Responsibilities for the Triage Physician -- 6.2.7 Responsibilities for the Triage Nurse -- 6.2.8 Responsibilities for Primary Nurse/Physician Treatment Teams -- 6.2.9 Responsibilities for Surgical Attending -- 6.2.10 Responsibilities for Residents Staff -- 6.3 Triage at the Hospital -- 6.4 Radiological Incidents -- 6.4.1 Radiation Exposure -- 6.4.2 Detection of Radiation -- 6.4.3 Possibility of Terrorist's Use of Radioactive and Nuclear Material -- 6.4.4 Diagnosis and Treatment -- 6.4.5 Radiation Protection -- 6.4.6 Protection Principles -- 6.4.7 Decontamination -- 6.4.8 Decontamination at the Hospital.

6.4.9 Special Problems in Radiological Incidents are Faced Often by the Hospitals -- 6.5 CISM -- 6.5.1 Preparedness Plan at the Level of An Individual If There is An Accident or Attack? -- 6.5.2 Duties of Research Organizations -- 6.6 Preparedness at the State / Federal Government Level -- 6.6.1 Continuous Monitoring, Vigilance and Intelligence Collection -- 6.6.2 Collection of Intelligence Report -- 6.6.3 Collective Approach -- 6.6.4 Business Areas are Vulnerable-Needs Special Attention -- Chapter-7. Disaster Preparedness: Protection: Safety Devices and Control -- 7.1 Disaster Preparedness, Prevention and Control -- 7.2 Disaster Management and Forensic Toxicology -- 7.3 Preparatory Measures for Protection and Prevention Against Hazardous Substances -- 7.3.1 Available Drugs, Antibiotics, Antisera, Anti-radiation Pill etc. -- 7.3.2 Antidotes Against Biological Toxins or Hazardous Organisms or Toxic Chemicals -- 7.3.3 Radioprotective Agents -- 7.4 What is an "MRE"? -- 7.4.1 Are SOPAKCO MRE's Dehydrated or Freeze Dried? -- 7.4.2 Can I Eat the Products Cold? -- 7.4.3 How Do I Warm My Food? -- 7.4.4 Why are the Packages in Plain Brown or Green Colors? -- 7.4.5 How Long will these Products Last? -- 7.5 Alert on Food Terror Attacks -- 7.6 Experts warn on Food Supply Threat -- 7.7 Local Food Companies Heed FBI Warning -- 7.8 What is the Purpose of this Faq? Shanne 'Cannor Status -- 7.9 Who Needs Nuclear Protection Sheltering Strategies? -- 7.9.1 The specific causes of potential life-threatening nuclear radiation emergencies include... -- 7.10 What are the Nuclear Blast and Thermal Pulse Effects? -- Chapter-8. Safety Agents/Devices Required for Protection -- 8.1 Protection From Chemical and Biological Agents Causing Disasters due to Accidents / Terrorist Attack / Warfare -- 8.2 Chemical and Biological Agents for Potential use by the Terrorists or in Warfare.

8.3 Personal Protective Equipment.