Grammaticalization -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Preface -- Introduction -- 1. Preliminary remarks -- 2. Part I: Basic questions -- 3. Part II: Grammaticalization and the explanation of language change -- 4. Part III: Case studies of micro-processes of grammaticalization -- References -- Part I: Basic questions -- On some problem areas in grammaticalization studies -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A closer look at the problem areas -- 2.1 Problem area 1 -- 2.2 Problem area 2: Distinct formal expression -- 2.3 Problem area 3: A distinct set of functional domains -- 2.4 Summary of problem areas -- 3. The core of the problem and first steps to its solution -- 3.1 No explicit definition of the central concept -- 3.2 Some essential features of grammatical meaning -- References -- Issues in constructional approaches to grammaticalization in English -- 1. Introduction -- 2. A constructional framework for grammaticalization -- 2.1 Why construction grammar? -- 2.2 Constructional taxonomies -- 3. Evidence for constructional grammaticalization -- 4. Impersonal and transitive constructions in the history of English: A further case of constructional grammaticalization -- 4.1 Frequency and semantic coherence -- 4.2 Analogy and usage-based approaches to grammaticalization -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Reconsidering erosion in grammaticalization -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The phonology of cliticization -- 2.1 Cliticization as grammaticalization -- 2.2 Clitics in prosodic phonology -- 2.3 Clitics in segmental phonology -- 2.4 Summary -- 3. Towards a rhythm-based typology -- 3.1 A rhythm-based typology of language -- 3.2 Predictions for phonology in grammaticalization -- 3.3 The cross-linguistic evidence -- 3.4 Summary -- 4. Case studies -- 4.1 The German definite article -- 4.2 Cliticization of subject pronouns in Turkish.

4.3 Summary -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Grammaticalization, subjectification and objectification -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Theoretical background and methodology -- 3. Case studies -- 3.1 Perfects -- 3.2 Futures -- 3.3 Progressives -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Degrammaticalization -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Attitudes towards degrammaticalization, 1982 - present -- 1.2 A generic definition of degrammaticalization -- 2. Controversy I: Is degrammaticalization the 'reverse of grammaticalization'? -- 3. Controversy II: Is degrammaticalization a composite change? -- 4. Controversy III: Can degrammaticalization changes be classified? -- 5. Classifying (de)grammaticalization -- 5.1 Classifying grammaticalization -- 5.2 Classifying degrammaticalization -- 6. Selected case studies -- 6.1 Degrammation: Pennsylvania German wotte -- 6.2 Deinflectionalization: The s-genitive -- 6.3 Debonding: Northern Saami haga and English ish -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Degrammaticalization and obsolescent morphology -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Characteristics of grammaticalization -- 1.2 Degrammaticalization and deflexion -- 2. Affix > clitic degrammaticalization in the conditional in some Slavonic varieties -- 2.1 Overview of the formation of the conditional in Slavonic languages -- 2.2 Reconstruction of the common Slavonic conditional -- 2.3 The role of degrammaticalization in reanalysis involving the conditional -- 2.4 The shift of byste etc. > by (e)ste etc. as degrammaticalization -- 3. Issues in degrammaticalization -- 3.1 Exaptation and adaptation -- 3.2 Degrammaticalization and reconstruction -- 4. Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Grammaticalization and the explanation of language change -- An analogical approach to grammaticalization -- 1. Introduction1 -- 2. Form versus function and linguistic modeling -- 3. The principle of analogy.

4. Language as an adaptive system -- 5. Grammaticalization and analogy-based learning: The development of pragmatic markers in English -- 6. Concluding remarks -- References -- Does grammaticalisation need analogy? -- 1. Grammaticalisation theory: Reanalysis vs. analogy -- 2. From pronoun to agreement marker: Diverging pathways -- 2.1 Subject doubling in West-Germanic and Romance -- 2.2 The emergence of subject doubling: The role of reanalysis -- 2.3 'Full' grammaticalisation in Romance but not in West-Germanic -- 2.4 Summary: Divergence -- 3. Analogical pathways -- 3.1 Inadequacies of reanalysis-based models of grammaticalisation -- 3.2 Analogy, clitics, and sentence type -- 3.3 The 'dead end' in the West-Germanic pathway -- 4. Competing explanations -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- What grammaticalisation can reveal about same-subject control -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Control in a contact situation: Colloquial Singaporean English -- 2.1 Why the CSE examples are not middles -- 2.2 Topic structure in CSE -- 3. Some semantic approaches to the definition of control -- 4. A note on the grammaticalisation of infinitives -- 5. Grammaticalisation effects -- 6. A final note -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- How the Latin neuter pronominal forms became markers of non-individuation in Spanish -- 1. Introduction: The so-called "neuter" in Modern Spanish and its origins -- 2. The "neuter" in Latin and the "neuter" in Romance -- 3. What kind of language change? -- References -- Part III: Case studies of micro-processes of grammaticalization -- The Grammaticalization of the German adjectives lauter (and eitel) -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Similarity of lauter and eitel -- 3. Synchronic analysis -- 3.1 lauter -- 3.2 eitel -- 4. Diachronic analyis -- 4.1 lauter -- 4.2 eitel -- 5. The development of lauter (and eitel).

5.1 The emergence of lauter and eitel 'morally good' -- 5.2 The emergence of the downtoners lauter and eitel -- 5.3 The emergence of the determiner lauter -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Literature -- Is German gehören an auxiliary? -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The construction gehören + participle II -- 2.1 Defining the construction -- 2.2 Previous treatments -- 3. Diachronic development of gehören -- 3.1 A brief history of gehören: Semantic change -- 3.2 Structural change -- 4. Grammaticalization of gehören -- 5. The use of gehören + participle II in present-day German -- 6. Discussion -- 6.1 Target area of grammaticalization: gehören as a modal passive -- 6.2 Grammaticalization and constructionalization -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Micro-processes of grammaticalization -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Linguistic reciprocity -- 2.1 The reciprocal system in Italian -- 3. The new reciprocal pattern -- 3.1 The results of the corpus analysis and of spontaneous tests -- 3.2 Analysis of the data: the new pattern's function -- 4. Old Italian l'un l'altro -- 5. Uninflected l'un l'altro as the final stage of a grammaticalization process? -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- List of contributors -- Index -- The Studies in Language Companion Series.