Cover -- HalfTitle -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on Contributors -- Different Forms of Forms of Life: A Philosophical Introduction Niklas Forsberg -- 1. Three examples -- 2. Philosophical drama and argumentation -- 3. Different forms of forms of life -- 1 Humanizing Nonhumans: Ape Language Research as Critique of Metaphysics Pär Segerdahl -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Comparative psychology as metaphysical endeavour -- 3. Human-enculturated apes -- 4. The 'Nim prejudice' about enculturation -- 5. Young bonobo Kanzi and his human mother Sue -- 6. Wittgenstein's children -- 7. Savage-Rumbaugh's apes -- 8. How an ape learns to use the word 'monster' -- 9. Home taking precedence over lab -- 10. Can enculturated apes point? -- 2 Ethics and Language: What we Owe to Speakers David Cockburn -- 3 The Difficulty of Language: Wittgenstein on Animals and Humans Nancy E. Baker -- 1. Behaviour -- 2. Animal and human behaviour: Some similarities -- 3. Animal and human behaviour: Some differences -- 4. Differences of degree -- 5. Other minds, animal and human -- 6. Nothing lacking -- 7. Whose 'anthropomorphism'? -- 4 Rape among Scorpionflies, Spouse Abuse among the Praying Mantis and Other 'Reproductive Strategies' in the Animal and Human World Olli Lagerspetz -- 1. Evolutionary psychology: Proximate versus ultimate levels of explanation -- 2. The praying mantis: Complicity or conflict? -- 3. The concept of reproductive strategy -- 4. Rape as a reproductive strategy -- 5. The identifi cation of behaviour: Why 'rape'? -- 6. Peter Winch on the identifi cation of behaviour -- 7. Rationalism, anthropomorphism and the human animal -- 5 Three Perspectives on Altruism Ylva Gustafsson -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Tooby and Cosmides on altruism as a transaction -- 3. Frans de Waal and Adam Smith on our natural social being.

4. Sympathy, empathy and analogical imagination -- 5. Eating -- 6. The idea of choice -- 6 Talking about Emotions Camilla Kronqvist -- 7 Man as a Moral Animal: Moral Language-Games, Certainty and the Emotions Julia Hermann -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Moral language-games -- 3. Empirical certainty -- 4. Moral certainty -- 5. Moral competence and its emotional components -- 6. Moral learning -- 7. The role of animals in moral education -- 8. Something 'animal' in human morality -- 9. Conclusion -- 8 Living with Animals, Living as an Animal Anne Le Goff -- 1. Costello's example -- 2. Speaking animals and 'mere' animals -- 3. Living animals -- 9 What's Wrong with a Bite of Dog? Rami Gudovitch -- 1. Approaches to morality -- 2. Attitudes to animals -- 3. The Preferential View -- 4. Impartialist worries -- 5. Attitudes versus opinions -- 6. Pets and persons -- 7. Back to the everyday -- 10 Second Nature and Animal Life Stefano Di Brisco -- 1. McDowell's Mind and World -- 2. McDowell and Diamond on the difference between humans and animals -- 3. McDowell and the big questions -- 11 Wittgenstein, Wonder and Attention to Animals Mikel Burley -- 1. Wondering at animals and wondering at the world -- 2. Expressing an intention -- 3. Strangeness and familiarity -- 4. Attending to the voices of animals -- 5. Concluding remarks -- 12 Honour, Dignity and the Realm of Meaning Nora Hämäläinen -- 1. Dignity and Disgrace -- 2. The realm of meaning -- 3. Gaita versus Anscombe -- 4. Openness in a post-Wittgensteinian tradition -- 5. Beyond the conceptual and the empirical -- 6. Moral change -- 7. Literature and the re-negotiation of moral conceptions -- 13 W. G. Sebald and the Ethics of Narrative Alice Crary -- Bibliography -- Index.