Table of Contents -- Summary -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background and motivation -- 1.2 Aims, core question and limitations -- 1.3 Research approach and structure of the report -- 2 The European Union and religion -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The values of the Union -- 2.3 Religion in the European member states -- 2.4 Conclusion -- 3 Turkish Islam and the European Union -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The secular state: historical foundations -- 3.3 Secular state and political Islam -- 3.4 State-Islam and freedom of religion -- 3.5 Democracy and political Islam -- 3.6 Constitutional state and political Islam -- 3.7 Violence and political Islam -- 3.8 Conclusion -- 4 Conclusions -- Epilogue -- Literature -- Searching for the Fault-Line. Survey by E.J. Zürcher and H. van der Linden -- 1 Introduction: Turkey - fault-line, frontline or test case? -- 2 Turkey's current Islamic landscape -- 3 Turkish Islam and the eu: A clash of civilisations? -- 4 Conclusion: Turkish Islam and European civilisation -- Literature -- Websites.