Cities in a Globalizing World : Global Report on Human Settlements.
Title:
Cities in a Globalizing World : Global Report on Human Settlements.
Author:
Un-Habitat,.
ISBN:
9781136570025
Personal Author:
Physical Description:
1 online resource (376 pages)
Contents:
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Acknowledgements -- List of Boxes -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- List of Maps -- List of Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Key Issues and Messages -- Prologue: Human Settlements in a Globalizing World -- Part I: The Development Context: Changes and Challenges -- 1. Development Contrasts in Human Settlements -- Highlights -- Contrasts in urbanization patterns -- Contrasts in the wealth of cities -- Contrasts in competitiveness -- Contrasts in opportunities -- Contrasts in local and global priorities -- Contrasts within countries and regions -- Contrasts within urban areas -- Uneven Development: Impacts of Information and Communication Technologies on Human Settlements -- ICTs and contemporary urbanization: a critical nexus -- Challenges for urban analysis -- Not the 'death of distance': why the dominant logic of ICT-based development supports urban polarization -- New technologies tend to extend the reach of the economically and culturally powerful -- Urban polarization and the internet -- The internet and the restructuring of US cities -- ICTs as supports to the restructuring of human settlements: integrating international divisions of labour -- ICTs, urban polarization and restructuring in developing cities -- Cultural and economic biases of the international information marketplace -- Bridging the urban digital divide -- Human Settlements in a Polarizing World: Poverty and Inequity -- Decreases in income and increases in cost of living -- The urbanization of poverty -- Inequality and polarization -- The developing countries -- The countries with economies in transition -- The industrialized countries -- Assessment of trends -- 2. Urban Impacts of Globalization -- Globalization, Urban Planning and Democracy.
Physical Reflections of Globalization -- Inequality and the quartering of urban space -- Mobile citadels of wealth and business -- The quarter of gentrification -- Suburbanization inside and outside the city -- The old working class quarter and the immigrant enclave -- Abandonment and the new ghetto of exclusion -- Walls between the quarters -- The debasing of the urban cultural environment -- The declining public orientation of the state and the distortions of land use by the market -- The residualization of social housing -- Countervailing Favourable Trends -- The democratization of decision-making -- The advance of knowledge -- 3. Framing Normative Policy Platforms -- Antecedents and Context -- Global Strategy for Shelter to the Year 2000 -- Human Settlements Policy Issues in United Nations Development Agendas in the 1990s -- The focus on poverty and human rights -- The emphasis on empowerment and gender equality -- United Nations Conference on Human Settlements (Habitat II) (Istanbul, 1996) -- Innovations -- The Istanbul Declaration and Habitat Agenda -- Goals and principles -- Commitments -- Strategies -- Evaluation -- The Habitat Agenda in broader context -- Part II: Emerging Approaches to Urban Governance and Politics -- 4. The Changing Context and Directions of Urban Governance -- The Repertoire of Governance Strategies -- Markets -- Hierarchies -- Networks -- The Globalization Paradox -- Emerging Elements of Governance -- Decentralization and formal government reform at the area-wide level -- Civil society participation in policy making -- Multi-level governance and partnerships -- Decision-making structures -- Lessons and Analyses -- Formal public institutions are crucial actors in urban governance -- New key role for the state in urban governance.
Partnerships cannot be a comprehensive form of urban governance -- Area-based policies and actions are not a panacea -- Political leadership is a key element of governance -- The political strengthening of metropolitan areas -- The Democratic Challenge: Insights from Latin America -- Neopluralist democracy -- The need for inclusion -- 5. Politics of the Global City: Claiming Rights to Urban Spaces -- Nation States and New Political Actors -- Recovering Place -- A New Geography of Centrality and Marginality -- 'Glocalization': The Localization of the Global -- A Space of Power -- Making Claims on the City -- A Politics of Places and Cross-border Networks -- Part III: Changes in Housing Finance and Shelter Delivery Systems -- 6. The Developing Countries -- Housing Finance: Needs and Capacity -- Direct investment by low-income residents -- State investment programmes -- Formal financial sector -- Micro-finance institutions -- Housing Finance and Globalization -- Poverty -- Credit -- Land -- State funds -- Institutional responses -- Local government -- NGOs -- Civil society groups -- Implications for Policy -- Land and secure tenure -- Access to credit -- Partnerships with local communities -- 7. The Countries with Economies in Transition -- Marketization -- Housing privatization -- Formation of the rental market -- Structural changes in the construction market -- Formation of the housing market: availability and affordability -- Development of financial markets -- Deregulation -- Changes in the state's social mandate in the housing sector -- Termination of state rent control -- Regulation of local natural monopolies -- Growing income dependence of housing consumption rates and housing segregation -- Decentralization.
Increased role of local authorities and the burden of housing payments -- The danger of accelerated decay -- Concerns and Challenges -- 8. The Industrialized Countries -- Housing Ownership -- Globalization and the Role of Government in Housing Finance -- Globalization and the Ability to Pay for Housing -- Countries with liberal/dualist housing systems -- Countries with social democratic housing systems -- Countries with 'residual' housing systems -- Part IV: Developments in the Urban Environment and Infrastructure -- 9. Urban Health in the Developing Countries -- Urban Populations Lead the Health Transition -- Injuries -- Mental ill-health -- Chronic or 'lifestyle' diseases -- Emerging Evidence of an Urban Penalty? -- Low-income Urban Populations -- Shifting the Focus from the Urban Poor to Urban Inequity -- Beyond the Rural-Urban Divide -- 10. Assessments of the Urban Environment: Water Supply and Sanitation Services -- From Habitat II to The Hague World Water Forum -- The Hague Water Vision 21: Water for People -- Persistent and Emerging Gaps -- Gaps between water supply and sanitation -- Gaps in gender equity and empowerment -- Gaps in institutional and financial restructuring -- Privatization and commodification of water -- Gaps between water infrastructure and environmental management -- Gaps between first principles, best practices and ex post evaluation -- Gaps between water, sanitation and human settlements policy initiatives -- Implications -- Focus on gaps -- Improve data, analytical tools and historical reviews -- Develop clear objectives for coordinating water, sanitation and human settlements programmes -- Basing Policies on Inaccurate Data? The Importance of Critical Scrutiny -- The problem of inaccurate data -- Water provision -- Sanitation.
11. Impacts of Recent Trends on Urban Transport -- Transport and Urban Form -- Wealthy Cities are Slowing Down in Car Use -- Public Transport is Growing Nearly Everywhere -- Transport and Social Exclusion -- Cities in the more developed economies -- Cities in the developing economies -- Poor Cities are Being Trapped in Traffic -- Reducing Car Dependence -- 12. Energy Demands and Consumption -- Historical Patterns of Energy Production and Consumption -- Development Constraints Created by Urban Energy Consumption Patterns -- Sustainable Energy Technologies Appropriate for Urban Applications -- Strategies for Achieving Reform in Urban Energy Sectors -- Appendix A: Energy Data Sources and Conversion Procedures -- Appendix B: Methods Used to Calculate Energy Consumption Quintiles -- 13. Decentralization and Urban Infrastructure Management Capacity -- Overview -- Decentralization and infrastructure policy -- Decentralization of infrastructure services -- Expanding the scope of private sector involvement -- A growing role for NGOs and civil society -- Challenges in the decentralization of infrastructure -- Decentralized Institutional Frameworks, Participatory Processes and Capacity Building -- The role of regional and intermediary institutions -- Strengthening local government leadership and initiative -- Partnerships between municipalities and NGOs -- Community-based approaches to infrastructure services and neighbourhood revitalization -- Financing Investments in Infrastructure: The Expanding Scope for Intermediary Institutions and Public-Private Partnerships -- Public/private partnerships to finance infrastructure -- The role of intermediary institutions in infrastructure finance -- Privatization of infrastructure services: Public utility companies -- Equitable Access to Infrastructure and the Empowerment of Poor and Marginalized Communities.
Community-based financing of infrastructure projects.
Abstract:
'The world has entered the urban millennium. Nearly half the world's people are now city dwellers, and the rapid increase in urban population is expected to continue, mainly in developing countries. This historic transition is being further propelled by the powerful forces of globalization. The central challenge for the international community is clear: to make both urbanization and globalization work for all people, instead of leaving billions behind or on the margins. Cities in a Globalizing World: Global Report on Human Settlements is a comprehensive review of conditions in the world's cities and the prospects for making them better, safer places to live in an age of globalization. I hope that it will provide all stakeholders - foremost among them the urban poor themselves - with reliable and timely information with which to set our policies right and get the machinery of urban life moving in a constructive direction.' From the Foreword by Kofi Annan, Secretary-General, United Nations. Cities in a Globalizing World presents a comprehensive review of the world's cities and analyses the positive and negative impacts on human settlements of the global trends towards social and economic integration and the rapid changes in information and communication technologies. In this Global Report, the United Nations Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat) draws on specially commissioned and contributed background papers from more than 80 leading international specialists. The report focuses on recent trends in human settlements and their implications for poverty, inequity and social polarization. It develops advance knowledge for urban planning and management policies in support and promotion of inclusive cities and good urban governance. This major and influential report is the most authoritative and up-to-date assessment of human settlements conditions
and trends. Written in clear, non-technical language and supported by informative graphics, case studies and extensive statistical data, it should be an essential tool and reference for academics, researchers, planners, public authorities and civil society organizations around the world.
Local Note:
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, 2017. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries.
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