Historical Remarks -- Cosmas and Damian Revisited -- Hand Transplantation as an Evolution of Microsurgery: A Logical Step Towards Better Reconstructive Options -- Experimental Limb Transplantation -- Hind-Limb Transplantation in the Rat: Surgical Technique, Anaesthesia and Early Postoperative Management -- Indefinite Survival and Functional Recovery of Limb Allografts in Rodents -- Induction of High-Level Chimerism in Composite Tissue Transplants -- Simultaneous Vascularised Bone Marrow Transplantation to Promote Acceptance of Limb Allografts -- Experimental Approaches to Composite Tissue Allograft Transplants -- A Review of Current Strategies to Achieve Tolerance in Animal Models -- The History of Experimental Hand Transplantation in Primates -- Hand Transplantation in Monkeys: Technical Details and Immunological Aspects -- Ethics and Medico-Legal Implications -- Ethical Aspects of Non-Life-Saving Allografts with Special Regard to the Hand -- Ethical Issues of Organ Transplantation in Non-Life-Saving Situations -- Informed Consent, Medico-Legal Implications, Public and Private Insurance Issues and Quantification of Disability in Hand Transplantation -- Living with Two Different Fingerprints: Legal Implications and Identification Issues -- Organization of Hand Transplantation -- Selection of Candidates and Waiting List, Dealing with the Media and the Public, Setting Up a Pilot Study, Clinical Trial Organization, Staff Requisites for Hand Transplantation: The Lyon Experience -- Selection of Candidates and Waiting List, Dealing with the Media and the Public, Setting Up a Pilot Study, Clinical Trial Organization, Staff Requisites for Hand Transplantation:The Milan Experience -- Selection of Candidates and Waiting List, Dealing with the Media and the Public, Setting Up a Pilot Study, Clinical Trial Organisation, Staff Requisites for Hand Transplantation: The Innsbruck Experience -- Selection of Candidates and Waiting List, Dealing with the Media and the Public, Setting Up a Pilot Study, Clinical Trial Organization, Staff Requisites for Hand Transplantation: The Brussels Experience -- Patient Management and Follow-up -- Surgical Technique of Hand Transplantation -- Instruments, Sutures and Needles for Hand Transplantation -- Anaesthetic Management -- Harvesting the Hand -- Preparing the Recipient -- Technical and Surgical Details of Hand Transplantation -- Hand Replantation and Transplantation: More Differences than Similarities -- Immunology of Hand Transplantation -- Current Concepts -- Immunosuppressive Therapy -- Induction and Maintenance Therapy -- Side-Effects and Potential Complications -- CMV Infection and Reactivation -- Specific T-Cell Response to HCMV Infection -- Ocular Complications after Hand Transplantation -- Limb Rejection and Monitoring -- Skin Rejection in Human Hand Allografts: Histological Findings and Grading System -- Pharmacological Treatment of Rejection -- Monitoring Rejection with a Distant Sentinel Skin Graft -- Functional Recovery of Transplanted Hands -- Bone Healing in Hand Transplantation -- Return of Sensibility and Motor Recovery of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Muscles -- From Silent Neuroma to Reactivation of Axonal Growth: How a Peripheral Nerve can Start to Regenerate into a Transplanted Hand? -- Modified Visual Feedback in Rehabilitation -- Analysis of Motor Unit Reinnervation in Muscles of the Transplanted Hand -- Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System on Arterial Distensibility -- An Instrumental Kit for a Comprehensive Assessment of Functional Recovery -- Human Brain Plasticity after Bilateral Hand Allograft -- The Sensor Glove in Preoperative Conditioning and Postoperative Rehabilitation -- A Comprehensive Functional Score System in Hand Transplantation -- Quality of Life in Hand Transplant Patients -- Psychological Issues in Hand Transplantation -- Psychological Evaluation and Patient’s Profile -- Hand Transplant and Body Image -- Psychological Effects of Hand Transplantation -- Other Composite Tissue Transplant -- Allogeneic Vascularised Knee Transplantation -- Laryngeal Transplantation -- Uterus Transplantation -- Abdominal Wall Transplantation: A Review of the Literature -- First Human Face Allograft: Report at 4 months -- Lower-Extremity Hindquarter Transplantation in Conjoined Twins -- Future Directions -- Limb Transplantation in Congenital Deformities -- Mechanisms Involved in the Induction of Tolerance in Allogeneic Hand Transplantation: A Proposal -- Induction of Tolerance in Allotransplantation -- The International Registry on Hand and Composite Tissue Transplantation (IRHCTT) -- The International Registry on Hand and Composite Tissue Transplantation (IRHCTT) -- An Extensive Bibliography on Hand Transplantation -- An Extensive Bibliography on Hand Transplantation.