Front Cover -- Strategic Intelligence Management: National Security Imperatives and Information and Communications Technologies -- Copyright -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Organizations -- People -- About the Authors -- Lord Carlile of Berriew CBE QC -- Babak Akhgar -- Simon Andrews -- Liz Bacon -- David Chadwick -- Mohammad Dastbaz -- David Fortune -- Dimitrios Frangiskatos -- Peter Fussey -- Diane Gan -- Edward Halpin -- Christopher P. Holstege -- Hamid Jahankhani -- Jan Kallberg -- Mats Koraeus -- Kristian Krieger -- Ivan Launders -- Glyn Lawson -- Peter Lehr -- Eleanor Lockley -- George Loukas -- Lachlan MacKinnon -- Bárbara Manso -- Marco Manso -- Franck Mignet -- Seyed Mohammad Reza Nasserzadeh -- Troy Nold -- Patrick de Oude -- Gregor Pavlin -- Julia M. Pearce -- Simon Polovina -- Thomas Quillinan -- Kellyn Rein -- M. Brooke Rogers -- Gregory B. Saathoff -- Rose Saikayasit -- Paul de Souza -- Andrew Staniforth -- Alex W. Stedmon -- Eric Stern -- Fahimeh Tabatabaei -- Bhavani Thuraisingham -- Steve Wright -- Simeon Yates -- Foreword -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Strategy Formation in a Globalized and Networked Age-A Review of the Concept and its Definition -- Introduction -- National strategy and strategy formulation process -- National security -- Strategic intelligence -- Interconnected world -- National security, ICT, and strategy -- Section 1: National Security Strategies and Issues -- Chapter 2: Securing the State: Strategic Responses for an Interdependent World -- A catalyst for change -- Lessons learned -- Contesting terror -- National security frameworks -- Strategic responses -- National security machinery -- Security context today -- From threat to threat -- Challenges ahead -- Chapter 3: We Have Met the Enemy and They Are Us: Insider Threat and Its Challenge to National Security -- Introduction.

Defining the insider threat -- How the Insider Threat is Different from the External Threat -- Enhanced Capabilities of the Insider -- Categories of Insider Threat -- Carrying Out the Attack -- The amerithrax case -- Substance Dependence -- Homicidality -- Suicidality -- Substance Abuse -- Summary -- Chapter 4: An Age of Asymmetric Challenges-4th Generation Warfare at Sea -- Introduction -- Definitions: from naval AW to MIA s -- Case study: the indian-pacific and sea lines of communication security -- Criminal Nonstate Actors: Smugglers, Traffickers, and Pirates -- Political Nonstate Actors: (Maritime) Terrorists -- Substate Actors: From al-Shabaab (Somalia) to Moro Islamic Liberation Front (Philippines) -- State Actors: Iran and the IRGCN -- Discussion: from asymmetries and irregularities to 4GW -- 3GW reloaded: a caveat -- Conclusion: the perils of "swimming in the instantaneousness of postmodernism" -- Chapter 5: Port and Border Security: The First and Last Line of National Security Defense -- A new era -- Second wave -- Independent review -- Trans-atlantic terror -- Securing the border -- All hazards approach -- Section 2: The Public, Communication, Risk, and National Security -- Chapter 6: Risk Communication, Risk Perception and Behavior as Foundations of Effective National Security Practices -- Introduction -- Risk communication: a pillar of national security -- The importance of effective risk communication -- Acknowledging Variations in Behavioral Responses to Risk Communication -- Implications for Physical Health -- Implications for the Ability of Systems to Respond -- Inspiring Trust, Influencing Response -- Risk perception: a foundation for understanding public responses to extreme events -- Expert Perceptions of Risk -- Public Perceptions of Risk -- Behavior: understanding likely public responses to extreme events.

Professional Planning Assumptions and Public Behavior -- Public Behavioral Response Assumptions during an Extreme Event -- Risk communication in practice -- Chapter 7: Promoting Public Resilience against Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear Terrorism -- Introduction -- Beyond prevention and security in counterterrorism: promoting public resilience and managing risk -- Resilience and the role of the public -- Public perceptions, risk communication, and the promotion of resilience -- Public Risk Perceptions of the CBRN Threat -- Public Perceptions of the Trustworthiness of Emergency Managers and Policy Makers -- Public Perceptions of Response Costs and Efficacy -- Quality of Risk Communication -- Conclusions: public resilience, CBRN, and human factors -- Chapter 8: From Local to Global: Community-based Policing and National Security -- Introduction -- Policing by consent, community, and prevent -- The Challenge of New Forms of Networked Communities -- Devilry through the dark web: preventing online radicalization -- Self-radicalization Process -- Implications of online behavior for national security -- Conclusion -- Chapter 9: The Role of Social Media in Crisis: A European Holistic Approach to the Adoption of Online and Mobile Communicat... -- Introduction -- Lessons from past crisis situations -- The role of ICT tools and social media in crisis -- Hurdles to the Use of New Communication/Social Media in Crisis Situations -- Old Habits are Difficult to Change and they are not Exclusive to PPDR Organizations -- The iSAR + way: approaching a multidimensional problem -- The iSAR + Platform and Services -- The i112 Portal (for Citizens and PPDRs) -- Interoperability with Existing Social Media and ICT Tools for Crisis -- The iSAR + Fusion Center -- iSAR + PPDR Services -- iSAR + Mobile Services -- iSAR + Interfaces: The iSAR + Network -- Conclusion.

About the contributors -- Chapter 10: Emerging Technologies and the Human Rights Challenge of Rapidly Expanding State Surveillance Capacities -- Introduction -- A brief survey of emerging surveillance technologies -- Biometric Technologies -- Location-based and Tracking Technologies -- Through-the-wall Surveillance Technology -- Mobile Surveillance and Wireless Sensor Systems -- Virtual Reality, Surveillance, and Security Systems -- Nongovernmental organization policy research: intervention and accountability on surveillance -- Digitalization and Dataveillance -- Surveillance Flows and Dataveillance Networks -- Algorithmic Surveillance and Geolocation -- Accountability -- Human rights and surveillance technologies -- Conclusions -- Section 3: Technologies, Information, and Knowledge for National Security -- Chapter 11: User Requirements and Training Needs within Security Applications: Methods for Capture and Communication -- User requirements elicitation -- User Requirements Elicitation in Sensitive Domains -- Conducting user requirements elicitation -- Human Factors Methods and Visualization Tools -- Security case study -- User Interviews -- Personas -- Field Observation -- Link Analysis -- Identifying training needs -- Empowering Staff -- Access to Training Resources -- In-house Training -- Generalizing from Specifics -- Integrated and Tailored Training -- Raised Awareness and Skill Fade -- Certificates -- Knowledge Elicitation -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- Chapter 12: Exploring the Crisis Management/Knowledge Management Nexus -- Introduction -- Crisis management -- Threat to Core Values -- Uncertainty -- Urgency -- CM Tasks -- Knowledge management -- What is Knowledge? -- Tacit and Explicit Knowledge -- Transfer and Conversion of Knowledge -- The SECI Process -- Socialization -- Externalization -- Combination -- Internalization.

Implications of KM -- Communities of Practice -- Meta-knowledge -- Empathic Knowledge -- Second-order Knowledge -- Knowledge Brokerage -- Concluding reflections: implications for CM -- SECI and CM -- Expertise and CM -- Knowledge Workers in Crises -- Knowledge Under Pressure -- (Re)integrating KM -- Chapter 13: A Semantic Approach to Security Policy Reasoning -- Introduction -- Current approaches -- Best practice -- Business rules -- Enterprise architecture frameworks -- Threats, vulnerabilities, and security concepts in CGs -- Conceptual Graphs -- Business Rules for Vulnerabilities -- Business Threats in Enterprise Architecture -- Security Threats -- Financial trading case study -- The Automated FT TG in CoGui -- Reasoning with Business Rules -- Security reasoning with the FT transaction graph -- Business rule and evolving security policy -- Concluding remarks -- Chapter 14: The ATHENA Project: Using Formal Concept Analysis to Facilitate the Actions of Responders in a Crisis Situation -- Introduction -- The athena vision -- Architecture narrative -- ATHENA System Overview -- ATHENA Components -- Crisis Mobile -- Sending Tools -- Receiving Tools -- Crisis Information Processing Center -- Information Acquisition and Preprocessing Tools -- Aggregation and Analysis Tools -- Crisis Command and Control Intelligence Dashboard -- Crisis Map (CCCID Version). -- Mobile Communications Center -- Social Media Content Management Tool. -- Crisis Summary and Query Tools. -- Social Media -- Interoperability -- Crisis Management Language -- Decentralized Intelligence Processing Framework -- ATHENA Cloud Secure Information Center -- Formal concept analysis -- Formal concept analysis for deriving crisis information -- London Bombing Example -- Building on prior projects -- ATHENA Concepts in Related Domains -- Conclusion.

Chapter 15: Exploiting Intelligence for National Security.