TRENDS IN INTERNET RESEARCH -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- "SPAM": AN OVERVIEW OF ISSUES CONCERNING COMMERCIALELECTRONIC MAIL -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- DEFINING SPAM -- AVOIDING AND REPORTING SPAM -- Foreign Spam -- THE FEDERAL CAN-SPAM ACT: SUMMARY OF MAJOR PROVISIONS -- Conversely, the act does not - -- Opt-In, Opt-Out, and A "Do Not Email" Registry -- CAN-SPAM Act Provision -- FTC Implementation -- Labels -- CAN-SPAM Act Provision -- FTC Implementation -- Other Implementation Actions -- Wireless Spam -- "Bounty Hunter" Provision -- Definition of "Primary Purpose" -- Related Legislation -- Legal Actions Based on the CAN-SPAM Act -- FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ACTIVITY -- May 2008 Rules on CAN-SPAM Compliance -- December 2007 Staff Report on Malicious Spam and Phishing -- July 2007 Spam Summit -- December 2005 Assessment of the CAN-SPAM Act -- STATE LAWS REGULATING SPAM -- End Notes -- PRIVACY LAW AND ONLINE ADVERTISING: LEGAL ANALYSIS OF DATA GATHERING BY ONLINE ADVERTISERS SUCH AS DOUBLE CLICKAND NEBUAD* -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION AND TECHNICAL BACKGROUND -- ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS PRIVACY ACT -- The Online Advertising Provider -- The Internet Service Provider -- The Consent Exception to ECPA -- Data Collection Agreements Between Website Operators and OnlineAdvertising Providers -- Data Collection Agreements between ISPs and Online Advertising Providers -- "Affirmative" or "Implied" Consent -- "Opt-in" v. "Opt-out" Consent -- SECTION 631 OF THE COMMUNICATIONS ACT -- FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION ONLINE ADVERTISING SELF-REGULATORY PRINCIPLES -- NETWORK ADVERTISING INITIATIVE STANDARDS -- End Notes -- THE GOOGLE LIBRARY PROJECT: IS DIGITIZATION FOR PURPOSES OF ONLINE INDEXING FAIR USE UNDER COPYRIGHT LAW?* -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- THE GOOGLE LIBRARY PROJECT -- THE LITIGATION AND THE PARTIES' POSITIONS -- LEGAL ISSUES RAISED BY THE LITIGATION.

"Opt Out" Programs and Liability for Infringement -- Digitization, Indexing, and Display as Fair Uses -- The Purpose and Character of the Use -- The Nature of the Copyrighted Work -- The Amount and Substantiality of the Portion Used -- The Effect of the Use Upon the Potential Market or Value of the Work -- THE PROPOSED SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- End Note -- CAMPAIGN FINANCE: REGULATING POLITICAL COMMUNICATIONS ON THE INTERNET* -- ABSTRACT -- BACKGROUND -- The Federal Election Campaign Act -- Shays v. FEC -- FEC RULEMAKING -- Background -- Summary of Regulations -- CONGRESSIONAL ACTIVITY -- Brief History -- 110th Congress -- 111th Congress -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- End Note -- INTERNET DOMAIN NAMES:BACKGROUND AND POLICY ISSUES* -- ABSTRACT -- BACKGROUND AND HISTORY -- ICANN BASICS -- ISSUES IN THE 111TH CONGRESS -- ICANN's Relationship with the U.S. Government -- Joint Project Agreement -- DOC Agreements with IANA and VeriSign -- Adding New Generic Top Level Domains (gTLDs) -- ICANN and Cybersecurity -- Privacy and the WHOIS Database -- APPENDIX. CONGRESSIONAL HEARINGS ON THE DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM -- CONCLUDING OBSERVATIONS -- Author Contact Information -- End notes -- INTERNET TAXATION: ISSUES AND LEGISLATION* -- ABSTRACT -- HISTORY -- ISSUES -- The Moratorium: Permanent vs. Temporary Extension? -- Grandfathering of Existing Access Taxes -- Definitions -- Taxation of Internet Access -- Telecommunications Industry Concerns -- State and Local Government Concerns -- Bundling of Services -- Funding Universal Service -- Multiple Taxes -- Discriminatory Taxes -- Streamlined Sales Taxes and Remote Collection Authority -- Remote Collection Issue -- The Streamlined Sales and Use Tax Agreement (SSUTA) -- Business Activity Tax (BAT) Nexus Standards -- ACTION IN THE 110TH CONGRESS -- Internet Tax Moratorium Legislation.

Internet-Commerce-Related Legislation -- SSUTA -- BAT Nexus -- End Note -- UNLAWFUL INTERNET GAMBLING ENFORCEMENT ACT AND ITS IMPLEMENTING REGULATIONS* -- ABSTRACT -- BACKGROUND -- REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTING UIGEA -- Designated Payment Systems & Due Diligence -- Non-Exclusive Examples of Compliant Policies and Procedures -- Unlawful Internet Gambling Operators Watch List -- LEGISLATION IN THE 111TH CONGRESS -- Reasonable Prudence in Regulation Act -- Internet Gambling Regulation, Consumer Protection, and Enforcement Act -- Internet Gambling Regulation and Tax Enforcement Act of 2009 -- Legislation in the 110th Congress -- End Notes -- INTERNET SEARCH ENGINES: COPYRIGHT'S "FAIR USE" IN REPRODUCTION AND PUBLICDISPLAY RIGHTS* -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- KELLY V. ARRIBA SOFT CORP.: THUMBNAIL IMAGES -- Factual and Procedural Background -- The Ninth Circuit's Decision -- Field v. Google: Caching -- Perfect 10 v. Amazon.com: In-line Linking and Thumbnail Images -- Perfect 10 v. Google in U.S. District Court -- Perfect 10 v. Amazon.com in the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals -- CONCLUSION -- End Note -- CONSTITUTIONALITY OF REQUIRINGSEXUALLY EXPLICIT MATERIAL ON THE INTERNETTO BE UNDER A SEPARATE DOMAIN NAME* -- ABSTRACT -- A VOLUNTARY ".XXX" DOMAIN -- CONSTITUTIONALITY OF A MANDATORY ".XXX" DOMAIN -- Content-Based Discrimination -- Compelled Speech -- Strict Scrutiny -- Content-Neutral Scrutiny -- Criminal Penalties -- Breadth of the Requirement -- Conclusion -- End Notes -- PROTECTION OF CHILDREN ONLINE: FEDERAL AND STATE LAWS ADDRESSING CYBERSTALKING,CYBERHARASSMENT, AND CYBERBULLYING* -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND -- Congressional Authority to Legislate Internet Activities -- Selected Federal Internet Laws -- Child Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA)/Child Online Protection Act (COPA)/Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA).

Use of Interstate Facilities to Transmit Information About a Minor -- Child Luring -- INTERNET HARASSMENT -- Cyberstalking -- Cyberharassment -- Federal Telephone Harassment Statute423 -- State Cyberharassment Statutes -- Cyberbullying -- CONSTITUTIONAL CONCERNS AND CONSIDERATIONS -- First Amendment: Freedom of Speech -- True Threats -- Freedom of Speech Within the School Context -- Fourteenth Amendment: Due Process -- CONCLUSION -- End Note -- INTERNET: AN OVERVIEW OF KEYTECHNOLOGY POLICY ISSUES AFFECTINGITS USE AND GROWTH* -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND: INTERNET USAGE AND E-COMMERCE STATISTICS527 -- Internet Usage in the United States -- Trends -- Number of Users -- Geographic Distribution -- International Internet Usage -- E-Commerce -- BROADBAND INTERNET REGULATION AND ACCESS543 -- COMPUTER AND INTERNET SECURITY544 -- INTERNET PRIVACY -- Spyware551 -- Identity Theft and "Phishing"552 -- "SPAM": UNSOLICITED COMMERCIAL ELECTRONIC MAIL555 -- PROTECTING CHILDREN FROM UNSUITABLE MATERIAL558 -- INTERNET DOMAIN NAMES561 -- Background -- Issues -- Governance -- ICANN-Verisign Agreement and the .com Registry -- Protecting Children on the Internet -- Trademark Disputes -- Privacy -- GOVERNMENT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT566 -- The Federal Communications Commission567 -- Information Technology R&D568 -- Electronic Government (E-Government)569 -- Open Source Software572 -- APPENDIX A: LIST OF ACRONYMS -- Alphabetical Listing -- Categorical Listing -- APPENDIX B: LEGISLATION PASSED BY THE 105TH-109TH CONGRESSES -- Broadband Internet Access -- Computer Security -- Internet Privacy (Including Identity Theft) -- Spam: Unsolicited Commercial E-Mail -- Internet Domain Names -- Protecting Children from Unsuitable Material and Predators on the Internet -- E-Government -- Intellectual Property -- Electronic and Digital Signatures.

Electronic Commerce -- End Notes -- INDEX.