COMBATING ISLAMIC MILITANCY AND TERRORISM IN PAKISTAN'S BORDER REGION -- COMBATING ISLAMIC MILITANCY AND TERRORISM IN PAKISTAN'S BORDER REGION -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 ISLAMIST MILITANCY IN THE PAKISTAN-AFGHANISTAN BORDER REGION AND U.S. POLICY -- SUMMARY -- THREAT ASSESSMENT -- The International Terrorism Threat -- The Threat to Afghanistan's Stability -- Afghan Militant Groups in the Border Area -- Attacks on U.S./NATO Supply Lines -- The Threat to Pakistan and Islamabad's Responses -- Internal Military Operations -- Tribal Militias -- COMPLICATING FACTORS IN ACHIEVING U.S. GOALS -- Pakistan's Strategic Vision -- Xenophobia and Anti-American Sentiment -- Weak Government Writ in the FATA -- U.S. POLICY -- Increasing U.S.-Pakistan Cooperation and Coordination -- Increased Direct U.S. Military Action -- Aerial Drone Attacks -- Military Capacity Building in Pakistan -- Security-Related Equipment -- Security-Related Training -- Coalition Support Funds -- U.S. Development Assistance for Western Pakistan -- FATA Development Plan -- Reconstruction Opportunity Zones -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 BOBBY WILKES, TESTIMONY TO THE HOUSE OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL SECURITY AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS -- EVOLUTION OF COALITION SUPPORT FUNDS -- REIMBURSABLE COSTS -- EVALUATION AND PROCESSING OF CSF CLAIMS -- IMPORTANCE OF PAKISTAN TO U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY INTERESTS -- THE FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS (FA TA) -- Chapter 3 ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY MULL'S WRITTEN TESTIMONY FOR THE HOUSE OVERSIGHT AND GOVERNMENT REFORM SUBCOMMITTEE ON NATIONAL SECURITY AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS -- Chapter 4 COMBATING TERRORISM: INCREASED OVERSIGHT AND ACCOUNTABILITY NEEDED OVER PAKISTAN REIMBURSEMENT CLAIMS FOR COALITION SUPPORT FUNDS -- WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY -- WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS -- WHAT GAO FOUND -- ABBREVIATIONS -- RESULTS IN BRIEF.

BACKGROUND -- Evolution of the CSF Oversight Process -- DEFENSE DID NOT CONSISTENTLY APPLY ITS EXISTING GUIDANCE, AND ADDITIONAL PROCEDURES ARE NEEDED TO ENSURE ACCOUNTABILITY OVER CSF TO PAKISTAN -- Defense Made Payments Without Obtaining Detailed Documentation to Support Pakistani Claims -- Defense Paid Costs That May Not Have Been Incremental -- Defense May Have Paid Costs That Were Not Based on Actual Activity or Expenses -- Defense Paid Costs That Were Potentially Duplicative -- Opportunities Exist to Improve CSF Oversight Controls -- Potentially Significant Cost Fluctuations Were Not Investigated -- Currency Conversions Were Not Verified -- ODRP BEGAN PLAYING A LARGER ROLE IN THE CSF OVERSIGHT PROCESS IN LATE 2006 -- HOWEVER, ODRP'S CONTINUED OVERSIGHT IS NOT ASSURED -- Defense Never Formally Tasked ODRP to Attempt to Verify That Pakistani Military Support Was Provided and That Costs Were Incurred -- ODRP Initiated Verification of Pakistani Support and Costs -- Contributed to Increases in the Amount of Claims Deferred or Disallowed -- No Guidance to Ensure Continued Oversight by ODRP -- CONCLUSIONS -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EXECUTIVE ACTION -- AGENCY COMMENTS AND OUR EVALUATION -- APPENDIX I: SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY -- APPENDIX II: COMMENTS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE -- APPENDIX III: PAKISTAN CSF REIMBURSEMENT CLAIMS, JANUARY 2004-JUNE 2007a -- END NOTES -- Chapter 5 COMBATING TERRORISM: THE UNITED STATES LACKS COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TO DESTROY THE TERRORIST THREAT AND CLOSE THE SAFE HAVEN IN PAKISTAN'S FEDERALLY ADMINISTERED TRIBAL AREAS -- WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY -- WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS -- WHAT GAO FOUND -- ABBREVIATIONS -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- BACKGROUND -- THE U.S. GOVERNMENT HAS NOT MET NATIONAL SECURITY GOALS IN PAKISTAN'S FATA.

Although State Has Reported Some Progress in Pakistan's FATA, Other Sources Indicate Resurgence of an al Qaeda Threat and the Establishment of a Terrorist Safe Haven in the FATA -- The United States Has Relied Primarily on the Pakistani Military to Accomplish Its Goals in Pakistan's FATA, with Little Focus on Economic Development and Improving Governance -- Key Government Stakeholders Recognize That a More Comprehensive Approach Is Needed -- NO COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOR GUIDING U.S. EFFORTS IN THE FATA HAS BEEN DEVELOPED, AS CALLED FOR BY THE ADMINISTRATION AND CONGRESS -- Presidential Powers for Implementing National Security Strategies and Developing a Comprehensive Plan -- Despite Executive, Congressional, and Independent Calls for Comprehensive Plans to Combat Terrorism and Close Terrorist Safe Havens, Such Plans Were Never Developed -- Pakistan and the U.S. Embassy are Encouraging More Focus on Other Key Elements of National Power to Achieve U.S. Goals in the FATA -- CONCLUSION -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EXECUTIVE ACTION -- AGENCY COMMENTS AND OUR EVALUATION -- APPENDIX I: COMMENTS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE -- APPENDIX II: COMMENTS FROM THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE -- APPENDIX III: COMMENTS FROM THE U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT -- END NOTES -- Chapter 6 U.S. FOREIGN POLICY IN PAKISTAN: IMPLICATIONS FOR REGIONAL SECURITY, STABILITY, AND DEVELOPMENT: HEARING BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, ONE HUNDRED TENTH CONGRESS -- HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS, WASHINGTON, DC -- STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE RICHARD C. HOLBROOKE, VICE CHAIRMAN, PERSEUS LLC (FORMER UNITED STATES AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS) -- STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE THOMAS R. PICKERING, VICE CHAIRMAN, HILLS & COMPANY (FORMER UNITED STATES AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS).

Prepared Statement of the Honorable Thomas R. Pickering, Vice Chairman, Hills & Company (Former United States Ambassador to the United Nations) -- ASSESSMENT -- OVERARCHING RECOMMENDATIONS -- KEY ISSUE RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1. International Coordination -- 2. Security -- 3. Governance and Rule of Law -- 4. Counter-Narcotics -- 5. Economic Development and Reconstruction -- 6. Afghanistan and its Neighbors -- PAKISTAN -- CONCLUSION -- STATEMENT OF GENERAL JAMES L. JONES, USMC, RETIRED, PRESIDENT AND CEO , INSTITUTE FOR 21ST CENTURY ENERGY (FORMER SUPREME ALLIED COMMANDER, EUROPE) -- APPENDIX -- Material Submitted For The Hearing Record -- Prepared Statement of the Honorable Gene Green, A Representative in Congress From the State of Texas -- Chapter 7 THE DEPUTY SECRETARY'S TESTIMONY BEFORE THE SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE -- GOVERNMENT OF PAKISTAN EFFORTS -- U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT FRONTIER STRATEGY -- SECURITY DEVELOPMENT PLAN -- SUPPORTING THE PAKISTANI PEOPLE -- INDEX -- Blank Page.