Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum and Magnesium Alloys -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Part One Electrochemical Fundamentals and Active-Passive Corrosion Behaviors -- 1. Fundamentals of Electrochemical Corrosion -- Overview -- A. Thermodynamic Considerations of Corrosion -- 1.1. Electrolytic Conductance -- 1.1.1. Faraday Laws -- 1.2. Tendency to Corrosion -- 1.3. The Electrochemical Interface -- 1.3.1. Electric Double Layer -- 1.3.2. Equivalent Circuit of the Electric Double Layer -- 1.4. Nernst Equation -- 1.5. Standard Potentials of Electrodes -- 1.5.1. Standard States in Solution -- 1.5.2. Hydrogen Electrode -- 1.5.3. Positive and Negative Signs of Potentials -- 1.5.4. Graphical Presentation -- B. Activity and Conductance of the Electrolyte -- 1.6. Activity of the Electrolyte -- 1.6.1. Constant and Degree of Dissociation -- 1.6.2. Activity and Concentration -- 1.6.3. Theory of More Concentrated Solutions -- 1.6.4. Electrolytic Conduction -- 1.7. Mobility of Ions -- 1.7.1. Law of Additivity of Kohlrausch -- 1.7.2. Ion Transport Number or Index -- 1.8. Conductance -- 1.9. Potential of Decomposition -- C. The Different Types of Electrodes -- 1.10. Gas Electrodes -- 1.11. Metal-Metal Ion Electrodes -- 1.11.1. Alloyed Electrodes -- 1.12. Metal-Insoluble Salt or Oxide Electrodes -- 1.12.1. Metal-Insoluble Salt Electrodes -- 1.12.2. Metal-Insoluble Oxide Electrodes -- 1.13. Electrodes of Oxidation-Reduction -- 1.14. Selective Ion Electrodes -- 1.14.1. Glass Electrodes -- 1.14.2. Copper Ion-Selective Electrodes -- D. Electrochemical and Corrosion Cells -- 1.15. Chemical Cells -- 1.15.1. Chemical Cell with Transport -- 1.15.2. Chemical Cell Without Transport -- 1.16. Concentration Cells -- 1.16.1. Concentration Cell with Difference of Activity at the Electrode and Electrolyte -- 1.16.2. Junction Potential -- 1.17. Solvent Corrosion Cells.

1.17.1. Cathodic Oxidoreduction Reaction -- 1.17.2. Displacement Cell -- 1.17.3. Complexing Agent Cells -- 1.17.4. Stray Current Corrosion Cell -- 1.18. Temperature Differential Cells -- 1.19. Overlapping of Different Corrosion Cells -- E. Chemical and Electrochemical Corrosion -- 1.20. Definition and Description of Corrosion -- 1.21. Electrochemical and Chemical Reactions -- 1.21.1. Electrochemical Corrosion -- 1.21.2. Film-Free Chemical Interactions -- References -- 2. Aqueous and High-Temperature Corrosion -- Overview -- 2.1. Atmospheric Media -- 2.1.1. Description -- 2.1.2. Types of Corrosion -- 2.1.3. Atmospheric Contaminants -- 2.1.4. Corrosion Prevention and Protection -- 2.2. Aqueous Environments -- 2.3. Organic Solvent Properties -- 2.4. Underground Media -- 2.5. Water Media Properties -- 2.5.1. Water Composition -- 2.5.2. The Oxidizing Power of Solution -- 2.5.3. Scale Formation and Water Indexes -- 2.6. Corrosion at High Temperatures -- 2.6.1. Description -- 2.6.2. The Pilling-Bedworth Ratio (PBR) -- 2.6.3. Kinetics of Formation -- 2.6.4. Corrosion Behaviors of Some Alloys at Elevated Temperatures -- References -- 3. Active and Passive Behaviors of Aluminum and Magnesium and Their Alloys -- Overview -- 3.1. Potential-pH Diagrams of Aluminum and Magnesium -- 3.1.1. Construction of Pourbaix Diagrams -- 3.1.2. Predictions of E-pH Diagrams -- 3.1.3. Utility and Limits of Pourbaix Diagrams -- 3.2. Active Behavior and Overpotentials -- 3.2.1. Active Behavior and Polarization -- 3.2.2. Overpotentials -- 3.3. Passive Behavior -- 3.3.1. The Phenomenon of Passivation -- 3.3.2. Passive Layers and Their Formation -- 3.3.3. Breakdown of Passivity -- 3.3.4. Electrochemical and Physical Techniques for Passive Film Studies -- 3.4. Active and Passive Behaviors of Aluminum and Its Alloys -- 3.4.1. The E-pH Diagram of Aluminum.

3.4.2. Active and Passive Behaviors -- 3.4.3. Pitting Corrosion of Aluminum Alloy 5086 -- 3.5. Active and Passive Behaviors of Magnesium and Its Alloys -- 3.5.1. E-pH Diagram of Magnesium -- 3.5.2. Passive Mg Layers (Films) -- 3.5.3. Passive Properties and Stability -- 3.5.4. Temperature Influence in Aqueous Media -- 3.5.5. Atmospheric and High-Temperature Oxidation -- References -- Part Two Performance and Corrosion Forms of Aluminum and Its Alloys -- 4. Properties, Use, and Performance of Aluminum and Its Alloys -- Overview -- A. Properties of Aluminum -- 4.1. Physical and General Properties of Aluminum -- 4.2. Cast Aluminum Alloys -- 4.2.1. Designation of Cast Aluminum Alloys and Ingots -- 4.2.2. Alloying Elements -- 4.2.3. Cast Alloys Series -- 4.3. Wrought Aluminum Alloys -- 4.3.1. Designation of Wrought Aluminum Alloys -- 4.3.2. Alloying Elements -- 4.3.3. Wrought Aluminum Alloys Series -- 4.3.4. Description of the Wrought Alloys Series -- 4.4. Aluminum Powders and Aluminum Matrix Composites -- 4.4.1. Aluminum Powders -- 4.4.2. Rapid Solidification Processing -- 4.4.3. Aluminum Matrix Composites and P/M- MMCs -- 4.4.4. Al MMC Particles and Formation -- B. Use of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys -- 4.5. Use of Cast Aluminum Alloys -- 4.5.1. Standard General Purpose Aluminum Alloys -- 4.5.2. Some Specific Uses -- 4.6. Use of Wrought Aluminum Alloys -- 4.6.1. Aerospace Applications -- 4.6.2. Automotive Sheet and Structural Alloys -- 4.6.3. Shipping -- 4.6.4. Building and Construction -- 4.6.5. Packaging -- 4.6.6. Electrical Conductor Alloys -- C. Aluminum Performance -- 4.7. Resistance of Aluminum Alloys to Atmospheric Corrosion -- 4.8. Factors Affecting Atmospheric Corrosion of Aluminum Alloys -- 4.9. Water Corrosion -- 4.10. Seawater -- 4.11. Soil Corrosion -- 4.12. Some Aggressive Media: Acid and Alkaline Solutions -- 4.12.1. Acids.

4.12.2. Alkalis -- 4.13. Dry and Aqueous Organic Compounds -- 4.14. Gases -- 4.15. Mercury -- 4.16. Corrosion Performance of Alloys -- 4.16.1. Performance of the Cast Series -- 4.16.2. Performance of the Wrought Series -- 4.17. Aluminum High-Temperature Corrosion -- References -- 5. General, Galvanic, and Localized Corrosion of Aluminum and Its Alloys -- Overview -- A. General Corrosion -- 5.1. General Considerations -- 5.2. Description -- 5.3. Mechanisms -- 5.4. Prevention -- 5.4.1. Design Considerations -- 5.4.2. Surface Pretreatment -- 5.4.3. Corrosion Control -- 5.4.4. Aluminum Alloys and Resistance to General Corrosion -- B. Galvanic Corrosion -- 5.5. General Considerations -- 5.6. Galvanic Series of Aluminum Alloys -- 5.7. Mechanisms -- 5.7.1. Cu-Al Galvanic Cell -- 5.7.2. Mg-Al Galvanic Cell -- 5.7.3. Galvanic Effect of a Coating -- 5.8. Deposition Corrosion -- 5.9. Stray Current Corrosion -- 5.10. Prevention -- 5.11. Basic Study of Al-Cu Galvanic Corrosion Cell -- C. Localized Corrosion -- 5.12. Pitting Corrosion -- 5.12.1. Occurrence and Morphology -- 5.12.2. Kinetics -- 5.12.3. The Pitting Potential -- 5.12.4. Mechanisms -- 5.12.5. Possible Stages of Pitting -- 5.12.6. Prevention of Pitting Corrosion -- 5.12.7. Corrosion Resistance of Aluminum Cathodes -- 5.13. Crevice Corrosion -- 5.13.1. General Considerations and Description -- 5.13.2. Poultice Corrosion -- 5.13.3. Mechanisms -- 5.13.4. Water Stains on AA3xxx -- 5.14. Filiform Corrosion -- 5.14.1. General Considerations -- 5.14.2. Aluminum Alloys and Filiform Corrosion -- 5.14.3. Kinetics, Mechanism, and Prevention -- 5.14.4. Filiform Occurrence -- References -- 6. Metallurgically and Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Aluminum and Its Alloys -- Overview -- A. Metallurgically Influenced Corrosion (METIC) -- 6.1. Fundamentals of METIC.

6.1.1. Influence of Metallurgical and Mechanical Treatments -- 6.2. Types of Metallurgically Influenced Corrosion -- 6.2.1. Dealloying (Dealuminification) -- 6.2.2. Intergranular Corrosion -- 6.2.3. Exfoliation -- 6.3. Joining and Welding -- 6.3.1. Corrosion Resistance of Brazed, Soldered, and Bonded Joints -- 6.3.2. Welding Fundamentals -- 6.3.3. Welding Influence on Behavior of Aluminum Alloys -- 6.3.4. Frequent Corrosion Types of Welded Aluminum Alloys -- 6.3.5. Corrosion Resistance of Wrought and Cast Al Alloys -- 6.4. Metal Matrix Composites for Nuclear Dry Waste Storage -- B. Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion: The Basics -- 6.5. Microorganisms -- 6.5.1. Bacteria (Prokaryotes) -- 6.5.2. Fungi and Yeast (Eukaryotes) -- 6.5.3. Algae (Eukaryotes) -- 6.5.4. Lichens -- 6.6. Natural and Artificial Media -- 6.6.1. Air Media -- 6.6.2. Aqueous Media -- 6.6.3. Soils -- 6.7. Anaerobic and Aerobic Bacteria in Action -- 6.7.1. Anaerobic Bacteria -- 6.7.2. Aerobic Bacteria -- 6.7.3. Co-action of Anaerobic and Aerobic Bacteria -- 6.8. MIC of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys -- 6.8.1. Fungi and Bacteria (Space) -- 6.8.2. Geotrichum (Tropical Atmosphere) -- 6.8.3. Cyanobacteria and Algae (Polluted Freshwater) -- 6.8.4. Rod-Shaped Bacteria and Algae (Polluted Seawater) -- 6.8.5. SRB (Industrial and Seawater) -- 6.8.6. Hormoconis resinae (Kerosene) -- 6.9. Mechanisms of MIC and Inhibition -- 6.9.1. Corrosion Mechanisms -- 6.9.2. Influence of Biofilms on Passive Behavior of Aluminum -- 6.9.3. Corrosion Inhibition by Microorganisms -- 6.10. MIC Prevention and Control -- References -- 7. Mechanically Assisted Corrosion of Aluminum and Its Alloys -- Overview -- A. Erosion Corrosion -- 7.1. Impingement with Liquid-Containing Solid Particles -- 7.2. Corrosion by Cavitation -- 7.3. Water Drop Impingement Corrosion -- 7.4. Fretting Corrosion.

7.5. Fretting Fatigue Corrosion.