Introducing Maltese Linguistics -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- List of contributors -- Preface -- Part I Typology -- Maltese and the World Atlas of Language Structures -- References -- Part II Phonology -- Vowel duration and Maltese 'għ' -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Vowel duration and 'għ' in two Maltese dialects -- 2.1 Methods -- 2.2 Results -- 2.3 The effect of 'għ' on vowel duration -- 2.3.1 Monosyllabic words -- 2.3.2 Bisyllabic words -- 3. The interaction of stress and 'għ' -- 4. Summary -- 5. Follow-up research -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- On Maltese prosody -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background -- 3. Framework -- 4. Prosodic structure and intonation in Maltese -- 4.1 The description of Maltese intonation -- 4.1.1 Pitch/phrase accent and boundary tone combinations -- 4.1.2 The "early" peak falling tune -- 4.1.3 Topic versus focus patterns in falls -- 4.2 Discussion -- 4.2.1 Establishing a set of tones -- 4.2.2 Determining break indices -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Part III Syntax -- Topicalisation in Maltese -- 0. Introduction -- 1. The topicalisation of an object -- 2. Topicalisation and the object marker -- 3. Other constituents as topic -- 3.1 Subject and indirect object as topic -- 3.2 Subject and object as topic -- 3.3 Prepositional complement as topic -- 3.4 Adverbial expression as topic -- 4. Topicalisation in nominal sentences -- 5. Topicalisation without movement -- 6. Conclusions -- References -- A Head-Driven Phrase Structure Grammar for Maltese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Background and basic assumptions -- 2.1 Valency -- 2.2 Basic constituent structure and complementation -- 3. Morphology -- 3.1 Inflection -- 3.2 Definiteness marking -- 4. Noun phrases -- 5. Predication -- 6. Lil marking and case assignment -- 7. Clitics -- 8. Constituent order -- 8.1 Subject position -- 8.2 Object fronting.

8.3 Clitic dislocation -- 8.4 Adjuncts -- 8.5 A technical problem: spurious ambiguities -- 9. Pro-drop -- 10. Summary and outlook -- References -- Complex predicates in Maltese -- References -- Splitting the verb chain in modern literary Maltese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Glimpses of verb-chain grammar -- 2.1 What belongs to the verb chain? -- 2.1.1 Full verbs -- 2.1.2 Auxiliary -- 2.1.3 TMA-marker -- 2.1.4 Pseudo-verb -- 2.1.5 Phasal verb -- 2.1.6 Modal verb -- 2.1.7 Various -- 2.2 Aspects of cohesione -- 2.2.1 Agreement -- 2.2.2 Consecutio -- 2.2.3 Linear orderer -- 2.2.4 Adjacency -- 3. This chain will be broken… -- 3.1 The usual intruders -- 3.1.1 Inventory -- 3.1.2 The preferred position (and Deviations thereof) -- 3.2 Properties and functions -- 3.2.1 On parentheses and related phenomena -- 3.2.2 In and out of focus -- 4. A loosely knit unit -- Primary sources -- References -- "Pseudo-verbs" -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Parts of speech in Maltese -- 2.1 Verbs -- 2.2 Nominals -- 2.3 Objectmarkers -- 2.4 Prepositions -- 2.5 Inalienable possession -- 3. "Pseudo-verbs" - non-verbal (co-)predicates -- 3.1 Pseudo-verbs as a separate part of speech in Maltese -- 4. Pseudo-verbs and grammatical relations -- 5. Summary -- References -- Part IV Lexicon and electronic resources -- Compounding and adjective-noun compounds in Maltese -- 0. Introduction -- 1. What is a compound? -- 2. Compounding types in Maltese -- 3. Adjective-noun compounds (A+N): An analysis -- 4. Conclusion: The status of A+N compounds -- Appendix 1. A+N Compounds -- Appendix 2. Examples of P+P Compounds -- References -- Auditory and visual lexical decision in Maltese -- 1. Introduction and background -- 2. Experiment 1: Visual lexical decision in Maltese -- 2.1 Methodology -- 2.2 Participants -- 2.3 Materials and design -- 2.4 Procedure -- 2.5 Results and discussion.

3. Experiment 2: Auditory lexical decision in Maltese -- 3.1 Methodology -- 3.2 Participants -- 3.3 Materials and design -- 3.4 Procedure -- 3.5 Results and discussion -- 4. General discussion -- 5. Conclusion -- Appendix: Maltese experimental items -- References -- Electronic language resources for Maltese -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Language-enabled computer programs -- 2. Language resources -- 2.1 Primary and secondary language resources -- 3. The MLRS project -- 3.1 The corpus -- 3.2 Corpus levels of representation -- 3.3 Current contents -- 4. Part of speech tagging -- 4.1 Morpho-syntactic annotation -- 5. MaltiLex: The computational lexicon -- 5.1 A workflow for constructing the lexicon -- 6. Lexical information -- 6.1 LEd -- 7. ODL -- 7.1 Enumeration declarations -- 7.2 Class declarations -- 7.3 Special values: Unspecified, undefined, and none -- 7.4 Inheritance -- 7.5 Labels -- 7.6 Rules -- 8. Lexical information for Maltese -- 8.1 Basic attributes and values -- 9. Future work -- 9.1 Morphological analysis -- 9.2 Syntax -- 9.3 Semantics -- 10. Conclusion -- Appendix: Class Declarations -- References -- Part V Language change and contact -- The vowel system of Cantilena -- 0. Introduction -- 1. Historical development of CNTL vowels -- 1.1 Epenthesis -- 1.2 Elimination of vowels -- 1.3 CNTL a -- 1.3.1 CNTL a reflecting CA /a/ or /ā/ -- 1.4 CNTL e -- 1.4.1 CNTL e reflecting CA /a/ -- 1.4.2 CNTL e reflecting CA /i/ -- 1.4.3 CNTL e reflecting CA /ā/ -- 1.4.4 CNTL e reflecting CA /ī/ -- 1.5 CNTL i and y -- 1.5.1 CNTL i and y reflecting CA /i/ or /ī/ -- 1.5.2 CNTL i reflecting CA /a/ -- 1.6 Reflections of CA /a/ and /i/ in CNTL -- 1.7 Neutralization of CNTL a and i -- 1.8 CNTL o -- 1.8.1 CNTL o reflecting CA /u/ -- 1.8.2 CNTL o reflecting CA /a/ -- 1.8.3 CNTL o reflecting CA /ī/ -- 1.9 CNTL u.

1.9.1 CNTL u reflecting CA /u/ or /ū/, and CNTL eu reflecting CA /ū/ -- 1.9.2 CNTL u reflecting CA /a/ -- 1.10 Neutralization of CNTL i and u -- 1.11 Reflection of CA /ay/ and /aw/ -- 2. Conclusion -- References -- The shaping of Maltese throughout the centuries -- 1. The shaping of Maltese in a contact situation -- 2. Maltese among other contact-induced languages -- 3. Phenomena of restructuring in a diachronic perspective -- 3.1 Morphological expansion -- 3.2 The analytical organizing principle -- 4. Elements of linguistic mixture -- 4.1 Mixed noun plural -- 4.2 Verb morphology -- 5. Discussion -- 5.1 On restructuring -- 5.2 On mixture -- 6. Conclusions -- Appendix -- References -- "Imma l-oriġinal oriġinali?" -- 0. Introduction -- 1. Description of the feature -- 2. The main question -- 3. In search of a historical model -- 4. The inflection -- 5. One plausible answer -- Appendix -- References -- A different kind of gender problem -- 1. Introduction: Language contact and lexical borrowing in Maltese -- 2. Gender as a grammatical category in Maltese, Italian, and English -- 3. Methodology and data -- 4. Strategies of gender assignment in maltese loan words -- 4.1 Italo-Romance loan nouns -- 4.2 English loan nouns -- 4.3 Others -- 5. How does (and can) Gender Copy work? -- 6. Gender assignment other than Gender Copy -- 7. Conclusions -- References -- Terminology of Italian origin used in EU Maltese -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Maltese 'language version' within EU institutions -- 3. Methodology and corpus -- 4. Etymology -- 5. Results -- 6. Discussion -- 7. Conclusion -- References -- Part VI Sociolinguistics -- Diglossia -- 1. Introduction to the concept of diglossia -- 2. The empirical data -- 3. Function and prestige of SM and GD in education -- 4. Ethnolinguistic vitality -- 5. Conclusion -- References -- Maltese English -- 1. Introduction.

2. English in Malta: A brief history -- 3. Domains of language use -- 3.1 Education -- 3.2 Media -- 3.3 Administration -- 3.4 Language in the home -- 4. Maltese English -- 4.1 Structural description -- 5. Attitudes towards Maltese and MaltE -- 6. Is MaltE a separate variety? -- 7. Future desiderata -- 7.1 Language variation -- 7.2 Language attitudes: The Matched Guise Technique ("MGT") -- 7.3 Language across domains: The next step -- 7.4 Language socialization -- 8. Conclusion -- Appendix -- References -- Index of authors -- Index of languages -- Index of subjects -- The Studies in Language Companion Series.