Contents -- Preface and Acknowledgments -- ONE. An Introduction to the Late Preclassic Period -- TWO. The Site of Izapa in Context -- THREE. A Historiography of Izapa and the Izapan Style -- FOUR. Part of a Continuum: Supernatural Communication in Late Preclassic Izapan Style Art -- FIVE. The Performance of Rulership: Avian Transformation in Izapan Style Monuments -- SIX. Monuments in Context -- SEVEN. Beyond Ritual: Macaws, Men, and Matrices of Exchange -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.