CONTENTS -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Bibliographical abbreviations -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Syro-Anatolian region in the Iron Age -- 2.1 The urban landscape -- 2.2 Questions of ethnicity -- 2.3 Carchemish -- 2.4 Zincirli -- 3 Carchemish -- 3.1 Archaeological fieldwork -- 3.2 The monumental contexts -- 3.2.1 The South Gate -- 3.2.2 The Water Gate -- 3.2.3 The Lower Palace Area -- 3.2.4 The Herald's Wall -- 3.2.5 The King's Gate complex -- 3.2.6 The temple of Tarhunzas -- 3.2.7 The Hilani -- 4 Zincirli -- 4.1 Archaeological fieldwork -- 4.2 The monumental contexts -- 4.2.1 The Southern City Gate. -- 4.2.2 The Outer Citadel Gate -- 4.2.3 The Lions' Pit -- 4.2.4 Gate Q -- 4.2.5 The colossal statue at the outer wall of Building J -- 4.2.6 The Kulamuwa orthostat at the entrance to Building J -- 4.2.7 Inside the Southwestern complex -- 4.2.8 Hilani IV -- 4.2.9 Hilani III -- 4.2.10 Monuments at and around Hilani II -- 4.2.11 The funerary context beside Hilani I -- 4.2.12 The funerary stele in the north lower town -- 5 The embedment of monumental art in ritual performance -- 5.1 Urban setting -- 5.2 Iconographic evidence -- 5.3 Written evidence -- 5.4 Monumental art and ceremonial events -- 6 Art and ritual performance in diachronic perspective -- 6.1 The archaic transitional period (twelfth to mid-tenth century BCE) -- 6.2 The age of civic ritual (late tenth to early ninth century BCE) -- 6.3 The mature transitional period (870-790 BCE) -- 6.4 The age of court ceremony (790-690 BCE) -- 7 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Catalogue -- Index of concepts.