Present Day Climates -- 1 Interhemispheric Effects of Interannual and Decadal ENSO - like Climate Variation on the Americas Dettinger, Michael D., D.S. Battista, G.J. McCabe, R.d. Garreaud, and C.M. Bitz -- 2 Interannual to Multidecadal Climate Variability and its Relationship to Global Sea Surface Temperatures Enfield, David B. and A.M. Nestas-Nñuez -- 3 Polar Air Outbreaks in the Americas: Assessments and Impacts during Recent and Past Climates Marengo, Jose A. and J.C. Rogers -- 4 Globality and Optimality in Climate Field Reconstructions from Proxy Data Evans, M.N., A. Kaplan, R. Villalba, and M.A. Cane -- Human Dimensions of Climate Change -- 5 The Effects of Explosive Volcanism on Simple to Complex Societies in Ancient Middle America Payson Sheets -- 6 Abrupt Climate Change and Pre-Columbian Cultural Collapse Brenner, Mark, D.A. Hodell, J.H. Curtis, M.F. Rosenmeier, M.W. Binford, and M.B. Abbott -- 7 Human Dimensions of Late Pleistocene/Holocene Arid Events in Southern South America Nñuez, Lautaro, M. Grosjean, and I. Cartajena -- 8 Assessing the Synchroneity of Glacier Fluctuations in the Western Cordillera of the Americas During the Last Millenium Luckman, B.H. and Villalba, R. -- 9 Volcanic Signals in Temperature Reconstructions Based on Tree-Ring Records for North and South America Boninsegna, Jose A. and M.K. Hughes -- 10 Decadal-Scale Climatic Variability along the Extratropical Western Coast of the Americas: Evidence from the Tree- Ring Records Villalba, R., R.D. D'Arrigo, E.R. Cook, G. Wiles, and G.C. Jacoby -- Long-Term Climate Variability -- Geomorphic Evidence -- 11 Glaciation During Marine Isotope Stage 2 in the American Cordillera Clapperton, Chalmers and Geoffrey O. Seltzer -- 12 Late Quaternary Colian Records of the Americas and their Paleoclimatic Significance Muhs, D. and M. áZrate -- 13 Periods of Wet and Dry Climate in Cuba: Evaluation of expression in Karstof Sierra de San Carlos Paójn, J.M., I. Hernandez, Efren Jaimex, F. Ortega, and Jorge Macle -- Lacustrine Evidence -- 14 Identifying Paleoenvironmental Change Across South America and North America Using High-Resolution Seismic Stratigraphy in Lakes Ariztegui, D., F.S. Anselmetti, G.O. Seltzer, K. Kelts, and K. D' Agostino -- 15 Holocene Climate patterns in the Americas Inferred from Paleocolimnological Records Fritz, S.C., and Sarah E. Metcalfe, and Walter E. Dean -- 16 Full and Late Glacial Lake Records along the PEP 1 Transect: Their Role in Developing Interhemispheric Paleoclimate Interactions Bradybury, J. Plarr, Martin Grosjean, Scott Stine, and Florence Sylvestre -- Vegetation Evidence -- 17 Paleotemperature Estimates of the Lowland Americas Between 30 Degrees South and 30 degrees North at the Last Glacial Maximum Bush, M.B., M. Stute, M.P. Ledru, H. Behling, P.A. Colinvaux, P.E. De Oliveira, E.C. Grimm, H. Hooghiemstra, S. Haberle, B.W. Leyden, M.L. Salgado-Labouriau, R. Webb -- 18 Neotropical Savanna Environments in Space and Time: Late Quaternary Interhemispheric Comparisons Behling, H. and H. Hooghiemstra -- 19 Holocene Vegetation Changes in the Americas Grimm, E., Hermann Behling, Julio Betancourt, S. Lozano-Garcia -- 20 Late Glacial Vegetation Records in the Americas and Climatic Implications Ledru, M.P. and P. Mourguiart -- 21 Temperate Coastal Regions in the Americas During the Last Glacial Maximum and Early Holocene Whitlock, C., V. Markgraf, P. Bartlein, A. Ashworth -- 22 Late Glacial Climate Variability GCM Modeling Experiments: An Overview Peteet, D.M.