Contents -- VOLUME 1 -- Abbreviations -- INTRODUCTION -- CHAPTER 1: CARTESIAN AND ARISTOTELIAN PHYSICS -- 1. Aristotelian physics: a quick sketch -- 2. Aristotle and Descartes: how many fundamental kinds? -- 3. Aristotle and Descartes: four more differences -- 4. Aristotle and Descartes: teleology -- 5. Descartes and two predecessors -- 6. Aristotle, Descartes and the manifest image -- CHAPTER 2: MATTER AND SPACE -- 7. 'Material = extended': why Descartes wanted this doctrine -- 8. 'Material = extended': how Descartes defended this -- 9. Solidity -- 10. Space as extended nothing -- 11. Container space -- 12. Spaces and places -- 13. Space as a system of relations -- 14. The fourth view: space as a separator -- 15. Descartes's 'neighbour' account of motion -- CHAPTER 3: DESCARTES'S PHYSICS -- 16. Smallness of parts -- 17. Subtleness and speed -- 18. Qualitative variety -- 19. Compression -- 20. The integration problem -- 21. Light and movement loops -- 22. Other work for loop theory -- 23. Traction -- 24. Weight -- 25. Was Descartes a 'new Stoic'? -- CHAPTER 4: DESCARTES'S DUALISMS -- 26. Property-dualism -- 27. The indivisibility argument for the 'real distinction' -- 28. 'I am unable to distinguish parts in myself' -- 29. From conception to possibility -- 30. From possibility to actuality: essences -- 31. From possibility to actuality: individual identity -- 32. The Cartesian concept of man -- CHAPTER 5: DESCARTES ON CAUSATION -- 33. Causation and similarity -- 34. Varying the causal resources principle -- 35. Tropes -- 36. Descartes against tropes -- 37. Descartes's non-endurance doctrine -- 38. Body on body -- 39. Mind on body -- 40. Psychology's invasion of physics -- 41. Body on mind: sense perception -- 42. Mind on mind -- CHAPTER 6: PREPARING TO APPROACH SPINOZA -- 43. How to read the Ethics -- 44. Spinoza's dualism -- 45. Spinoza's monism.

46. Spinoza's pantheism -- 47. Spinoza's a priori argument for God's existence -- 48. Mind-body parallelism -- 49. Descartes's robot -- 50. 'A queer kind of medium' -- CHAPTER 7: ONE EXTENDED SUBSTANCE -- 51. The thing thought and the independence thought -- 52. Can a Cartesian body be annihilated? -- 53. Spinoza sees the problem -- 54. Spinoza's solution and Curley's challenge -- 55. Spinoza on bodies as modes -- 56. Objections by Curley -- 57. Spinoza's two levels -- 58. Bodies and motion -- CHAPTER 8: EXPLAINING THE PARALLELISM -- 59. 'Idea of ' in Spinoza -- 60. The official arguments for parallelism -- 61. The thing-identity thesis: explaining parallelism -- 62. Trans-attributes qualities -- 63. A difficulty and a suggested solution -- 64. Five problems solved -- 65. A further problem solved: attribute and essence -- 66. Intellectual limitations? -- 67. Expressing -- CHAPTER 9: EXPLANATORY RATIONALISM -- 68. Causal laws in Spinoza -- 69. Time and eternity -- 70. Is this the only possible world? -- 71. Leibniz's pursuit of contingency -- 72. Choices, especially God's -- CHAPTER 10: SPINOZA ON BELIEF AND ERROR -- 73. Beliefs -- 74. Belief and the will -- 75. Error -- 76. A better account of truth? -- 77. A suggested explanation -- 78. Adequate ideas -- 79. Mutilation -- 80. Confusion -- 81. Spinoza on reason's infallibility -- CHAPTER 11: DESIRE IN DESCARTES AND SPINOZA -- 82. Descartes on desire -- 83. Does Spinoza reject all teleology? -- 84. Spinoza's trouble with thoughtful teleology -- 85. Spinoza's account of appetite -- 86. The 'demonstration' of the conatus doctrine -- CHAPTER 12: LEIBNIZ ARRIVES AT MONADS -- 87. Why there are no material substances -- 88. Why there are immaterial substances -- 89. How bodies relate to monads -- 90. Divisibility and substances: some options -- 91. Why monads are mind-like.

92. An aside on Leibniz's gradualism -- 93. Further evidence that monads are mind-like -- CHAPTER 13: CAUSATION AND PERCEPTION IN LEIBNIZ -- 94. The rejection of inter-substance causation -- 95. Leibniz against occasionalism -- 96. God's conservation of his creatures -- 97. How monads develop -- 98. Perception: the account -- 99. Bottom-up versus top-down -- 100. Perception: the short-fall -- 101. Appetite -- 102. Quasi-activity and -passivity -- CHAPTER 14: LEIBNIZ'S PHYSICS -- 103. The grounding principle -- 104. Some principles of Leibnizian physics -- 105. Forces in Leibniz's physics -- 106. Activity and passivity within the monad -- 107. Leibniz on teleological explanation -- 108. An old myth about teleology -- CHAPTER 15: HARMONY -- 109. The pre-established harmony -- 110. The mirror and collapse problems -- 111. The points of view of monads -- 112. Forward signs and traces -- 113. Why Leibniz needs insensible perceptions -- 114. How Leibniz recommends insensible perceptions -- CHAPTER 16: ANIMALS THAT THINK -- 115. Leibniz against thinking matter -- 116. The grounding principle again -- 117. Leibniz's 'mill' thought-experiment -- 118. Locke's God argument -- 119. How thinking matter relates to Leibniz's metaphysic -- 120. 'Substantial forms' and the unity of organisms -- 121. How dominant monads create organic unity -- 122. The scope of the organic realm -- 123. Corporeal substances -- 124. Distinctness of perceptions -- 125. Brandom's interpretation -- CHAPTER 17: LEIBNIZ'S CONTAINED-PREDICATE DOCTRINE -- 126. Leibniz's contained-predicate doctrine -- 127. God's proper names -- 128. Referring to bodies -- 129. Reference and causality -- 130. Essences -- 131. Infinite analysis: why? -- 132. Infinite analysis: how? -- 133. The contained-predicate doctrine construed as causal -- 134. Freedom and the contained-predicate doctrine.

CHAPTER 18: LEIBNIZ AND RELATIONS -- 135. Relations -- 136. Why Leibniz accepted the supervenience thesis -- 137. Temporal relations -- 138. Relational properties -- 139. Compossibility -- 140. Everything leads to everything else -- 141. Space as a system of relations -- 142. The discernibility of the diverse -- CHAPTER 19: DESCARTES'S SEARCH FOR SECURITY -- 143. What the search was about -- 144. Getting to the omnipotent Deceiver -- 145. The Deceiver's scope: arithmetic and memory -- 146. Defeating the Deceiver -- 147. The non-theological derivation of the truth-rule -- 148. God's role -- 149. Why is there no circle? -- CHAPTER 20: DESCARTES'S STABILITY PROJECT -- 150. Indubitabilty -- 151. The stability project -- 152. Protests -- 153. Interrelating the two projects -- Bibliography -- Index of Persons -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- V -- W -- Y -- Index of Subjects -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- L -- M -- O -- R -- S -- T.