Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Cavity QED in Atomic Physics -- 1. Foreword -- 2. Introduction -- 3. A spin and a spring -- 3.1. Experimental set-up -- 3.2. Atom-field interaction -- 3.3. Field relaxation -- 4. Ideal QND measurement of the photon number: The quantum jumps of light -- 5. Monitoring the decoherence of mesoscopic quantum superpositions -- 6. An experiment on quantum feedback -- 7. Reservoir engineering -- 8. Conclusion and perspectives -- References -- Chapter 2. Exciton-Polaritons in Bulk Semiconductors -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Excitons and polaritons in bulk semiconductors -- 2.1. Wannier-Mott excitons, oscillator strength, exchange interaction -- 2.2. Exciton-polaritons: semiclassical theory -- 2.3. Exciton-polaritons: quantum theory -- 3. Excitons and polaritons in two dimensions -- 3.1. Exciton and polariton effects in quantum wells -- 3.2. Radiative recombination of excitons in 2D, 1D, 0D -- 3.3. Photon confinement in planar microcavities -- 3.4. Polaritons in planar microcavities -- 3.5. Polaritons in waveguide-embedded photonic crystals -- 4. From three to zero dimensions -- 4.1. Polaritons in pillar microcavities -- 4.2. Quantum dots in three-dimensional microcavities: Strong coupling of 0D excitons with 0D photons -- 4.3. Exciton-photon coupling in different dimensionalities -- 5. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3. Experimental Circuit QED -- Introduction -- 1. Basics of circuit QED -- 1.1. Basics of Josephson junctions and SQUIDs -- 1.2. Josephson resonators in the quantum regime -- 1.2.1. Linear resonators -- 1.2.2. Nonlinear resonators -- 1.2.3. Transmon qubit -- 1.2.4. Flux-tunable resonators -- 1.3. Transmon coupled to a resonator: Circuit QED -- 1.3.1. Coupling hamiltonian -- 1.3.2. Dispersive regime -- 2. Experimental methods in circuit QED -- 2.1. Temperatures -- 2.2. Measuring a linear resonator.

2.3. Measuring a Josephson resonator -- 2.4. Qubit readout in circuit QED -- 3. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4. Quantum Open Systems -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Damped cavity/resonator -- 2.1. Basic elements -- 2.1.1. The cavity/resonator mode and damping rate -- 2.1.2. The multi-mode reservoir (external electromagnetic field) -- 2.1.3. Free field and photon flux units -- 2.1.4. Interaction and coupling strength -- 2.2. The Lindblad master equation -- 2.3. The quantum Langevin equation -- 2.4. Input and output fields -- 2.5. Other examples -- 2.5.1. Damped cavity/resonator with a thermal (chaotic) input -- 2.5.2. Two-state atom -- 2.6. What's in a master equation? -- 2.6.1. Diagonal matrix elements -- 2.6.2. Initial coherent state -- 2.6.3. Coherently driven cavity -- 3. Correlation functions and quantum-classical correspondence -- 3.1. Quantum regression -- 3.1.1. By solving the master equation twice -- 3.1.2. In the manner of Lax -- 3.2. Example: Hanbury Brown and Twiss -- 3.3. The Glauber-Sudarshan P representation -- 3.3.1. The Fokker-Planck equation -- 3.3.2. The Langevin equation -- 3.4. Quantum-classical correspondence -- 3.4.1. Backaction: conditional states and 'a priori' paths -- 3.4.2. Elements of photoelectron counting theory -- 3.4.3. Classical versus nonclassical light -- 4. Quantum trajectories: Don't trace, disentangle -- 4.1. Sketch #1: Labeling kets with "records" -- 4.2. Sketch #2: Familiar and unfamiliar expansions of ρ -- 4.2.1. Bohr-Einstein quantum jumps: Unconditional expansion of ρ -- 4.2.2. Record probabilities and expansion in conditional states -- 4.2.3. From the quantum master equation -- 4.2.4. Extension to pure states -- 5. Quantum trajectories and photoelectron counting -- 5.1. Photoelectron counting records and conditional states -- 5.1.1. Master equation unraveling -- 5.1.2. Record probability density.

5.2. Sum over records in S and in S R -- 5.3. Monte Carlo algorithm for jump trajectories -- 5.3.1. Following paths: Bayesian inference -- 5.3.2. A simple Monte Carlo procedure -- 5.4. Examples -- 5.4.1. Resonance fluorescence -- 5.4.2. Electron shelving -- 5.4.3. Coherent states and superpositions of coherent states -- 6. Cascaded systems -- 6.1. Model -- 6.1.1. Hamiltonian -- 6.1.2. Inputs and outputs -- 6.2. The Lindblad master equation -- 6.3. Quantum trajectory unraveling -- 6.3.1. Jump operator and non-Hermitian Hamiltonian -- 6.3.2. Example: Initial coherent state -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5. Basic Concepts in Quantum Information -- 1. Introduction and overview -- 1.1. Classical information and computation -- 1.2. Quantum information -- 1.3. Quantum algorithms -- 2. Introduction to quantum information -- 3. Quantum money and quantum encryption -- 3.1. Classical and quantum encryption -- 4. Entanglement, bell states and superdense coding and grover search and teleportation -- 4.1. Quantum dense coding -- 4.2. No-cloning theorem revisited -- 4.3. Quantum teleportation -- 5. Quantum error correction -- 6. Introduction to circuit QED -- 6.1. Electromagnetic oscillators -- 6.2. Superconducting qubits -- 6.3. The cooper pair box and the transmon qubit -- 6.4. Circuit QED: qubits coupled to resonators -- 7. Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6. Cavity Polaritons: Crossroad Between Non-Linear Optics and Atomic Condensates -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Cavity polaritons: exciton-photon strong coupling regime -- 3. Laterally con.ning cavity polaritons -- 3.1. One dimensional microcavities -- 3.2. Zero dimensional cavities: single and coupled micropillars -- 4. Polariton condensation -- 4.1. Resonantly driven polariton condensates -- 4.2. Polariton condensation under non resonant excitation.

4.3. Polariton interaction with the excitonic reservoir -- 4.4. Polariton condensation in a periodic potential: interplay between reservoir interaction and self-interaction -- 5. Josephson effects in coupled micropillars -- 6. Ring structures: engineering geometric phases -- 6.1. The polariton benzene molecule -- 6.2. Spin-orbit coupling -- 7. Polariton lattices -- 8. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7. Quantum Plasmonics -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Introduction to surface plasmons -- 3. Efficient coupling between SPs and quantum emitters -- 4. Single-photon nonlinear optics -- 5. State-of-the-art and outlook -- References -- Chapter 8. Quantum Polaritonics -- 1. Electronic excitation in semiconductor -- 2. Linear and nonlinear dynamics -- 3. Entangled photon pairs from the optical decay of biexcitons -- 4. The picture of interacting polaritons -- 5. Noise and environment: Quantum Langevin approach -- 6. Quantum complementarity of cavity polaritons -- 7. Emergence of entanglement out of a noisy environment: The case of microcavity polaritons -- 7.1. Coherent and incoherent polariton dynamics -- 7.2. Results -- 8. Quantum plasmonics: Individual quantum emitters coupled to metallic nanoparticles -- 8.1. QE-MNP hybrid artificial molecule -- 8.2. Plexcitons (nanopolaritons) with a single quantum emitter -- 9. Outlook -- References -- Chapter 9. Optical Signal Processing with Enhanced Nonlinearity in Photonic Crystals -- 1. Introduction: All optical processing -- 2. The optical transistor -- 3. The optical memory -- 4. Nonlinear waves on chip -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References.