Contents -- Illustrations -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations and Acronyms -- 1 Medical Governance: Important but Neglected -- Looking Ahead: Four Likely Sources of Demand for Advice about Medical Governance -- Governance: The Gap between Research and Prescription -- Confronting Complexity -- Roadmap -- 2 Balancing Values, Expertise, and Interests -- Governance by Unregulated Market -- Governance through Bureaucratic Supply -- Public Rulemaking -- Private Rulemaking -- Private Rulemaking as Collaborative Governance (on Steroids) -- Familiar Medical Governance Arrangements with Attributes of Private Rulemaking -- Conclusion -- 3 The Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network -- Cooperation in Voluntary Networks -- Network Formalization: The National Organ Transplant Act -- Overview of the OPTN and Its Governance -- Standardization versus Experimentation in Allocation Rules -- Quality Control, Compliance, and Enforcement -- Conclusion -- 4 Expanding Organ Supply -- Basic Framework of Cadaveric Organ Donation -- Efforts to Increase Donation Rates -- Enlarging the Pool of Donors: Reviving Cardiac Death -- Enlarging the Pool of Donors: Expanded Criteria Donor Kidneys -- Live Donation -- Reconsidering Markets? -- Conclusion -- 5 Liver Allocation and the Final Rule -- Controversy over Liver Allocation Rules -- Overview of Liver Allocation Rules through mid-1996 -- Stakeholder Conflict in the Regulatory Arena -- Conclusion -- 6 Incremental Response to Racial Disparity in Kidney Allocation -- Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation -- Primary Factors Relevant to Kidney Allocation -- The Initial Kidney Allocation System -- Racial Disparity in Kidney Allocation -- Incremental Responses -- Conclusion -- 7 The Kidney Allocation Review: Can the OPTN Make Nonincremental Change? -- The Precedent: Redesign of the Lung Allocation System.

Efforts toward Fundamental Change: Kidney Allocation Based on Net Benefit -- Conclusion -- 8 How and How Well Does the OPTN Govern? -- Incremental Rather Than Episodic Rulemaking -- Use of Expertise -- Professional Norms and the Accommodation of Interests -- Does the OPTN Produce Good Policy? -- Conclusion -- 9 Is the OPTN a Viable and Desirable Model in other Medical Contexts? -- The OPTN as Institutional Design -- Private Rulemaking in other Medical Contexts -- Conclusion -- References -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y -- Z.